英語作文亮點(diǎn)
一、詞匯選擇——標(biāo)新立異
在寫作中“較高級(jí)詞匯”的使用主要是指使用《大綱》上沒有的詞語、使用通過構(gòu)詞法變化來的新詞、使用同(近)義詞或反義詞等來代替常見詞語。
1)這棟房子在芳草街的一棟樓上。
A: The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.
B: The flat situates in a building on Fangcao Street.
分析:is in是常見詞語，而situates in則是《大綱》上沒有的，屬于高級(jí)詞匯。
2)在周末我們做很多作業(yè)。
A: At weekends, we have a lot of homework to do.
B: At weekends, we have endless homework to do.
分析:B句在表達(dá)時(shí)沒有使用過于直接的a lot of，而是使用了endless。endless就是由《大綱》詞匯end加后綴-less變化來的。
3)洗澡間和廚房都很好。
A: The bathroom and the kitchen are good.
B. The bathroom and the kitchen are well-furnished.
在表達(dá)要點(diǎn)時(shí)，B句使用了well furnished,這比good語氣強(qiáng)，也顯得生動(dòng)。
在造句時(shí),“較高級(jí)詞匯”如能運(yùn)用貼切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一個(gè)，也會(huì)使你的作文顯示出與眾不同。
二、結(jié)構(gòu)造句——與眾不同
在造句時(shí),既要使句子生動(dòng)，又要使其簡明扼要。
1、使用與人不同的表達(dá)方式，特別是提倡打破漢語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛而重組的句子更受歡迎。
1)唐山曾在二十世紀(jì)八十年代發(fā)生過一次大地震。
A: There was a strong earthquake in Tangshan in the 1980s.
B: A terrible earthquake hit/struck Tangshan in the 1980s.
大多數(shù)同學(xué)使用了there be結(jié)構(gòu)，這是對(duì)的，但是B句卻摒棄了常見句式。另辟蹊徑而使用了“主語+謂語+賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)，且使用了terrible,hit/strike這樣的詞匯，更是難能可貴的。
2)你八月十五日的來信我今天早晨收到了。
A:I received your letter which was written on August 15th this morning.(多數(shù)人使用的方式)
B: Your letter of August 15th reached/ got to me this morning.(與多數(shù)人使用的方式不同,簡潔)
2.使用一些強(qiáng)勢句式，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝句等，增強(qiáng)語句的表現(xiàn)力。如：
3)阿福救了我妹妹。
A: Ah Fu saved my sister.(一般句式)
B: It was Ah Fu that saved my sister.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)
4)我們看到莊稼和蔬菜長勢喜人很是高興。
A: We were glad to see crops and vegetables growing well.(一般陳述句)
B: How glad we were to see crops and vegetables growing well.(感嘆句)
3、句式多樣,復(fù)雜得體。在寫作中應(yīng)避免使用相同長度的相同句型，而應(yīng)注意句式的變化，如長短句結(jié)合，簡單句、并列句與復(fù)合句共用，還可使用簡化句等；一些較復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)如獨(dú)立主格，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)等也可使用。下面的表達(dá)中A句簡單句多，而且多處使用there be結(jié)構(gòu)，顯得單調(diào)、乏味，而B句就有自己的特色(請同學(xué)們自己分析)。
5)這是一套25平方米的住房，住房里面有臥室、有洗澡間、有廚房；臥室里有床、沙發(fā)、桌子和椅子等。
A: It's a flat of 25 square metres. There is a bedroom in the flat. There is a bathroom and a kitchen in it, too. In the bedroom, there is a bed; there is a sofa, a desk and a chair as well.
三、布局謀篇——獨(dú)具匠心
在寫作中，我們可按時(shí)間、空間或其它邏輯順序來安排各要點(diǎn)，同時(shí)為使主題突出,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，我們應(yīng)注意學(xué)習(xí)和使用交代句以及段落的主題句等。在布局謀篇上，NMET2002范文堪稱典范。請看：
Opinions are divided on the question.
60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. They believe a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.
On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardens and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggested, however, fees should be charged low.
1)該文使用Opinions are divided...作交代句，開門見山，隨后兩個(gè)段落均使用了主題句(見黑體字部分)，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，表達(dá)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
2)在表述要點(diǎn)時(shí)范文還對(duì)要點(diǎn)出場順序作了調(diào)整，如“40%的同學(xué)認(rèn)為應(yīng)收門票，但不宜過高�！鼻安糠肿鳛橹黝}句放在句首，而后部分另起一句放在句末：They suggested, however, fees should be charged low.這樣就分清了輕重緩急，主題突出，條理清楚。
3)范文使用了and, what is more, however等連詞，在段落之間使用了on the other hand(說明前后兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是相悖的)，這些連接手段的運(yùn)用加強(qiáng)了句子之間、段落之間的聯(lián)系，使文章表達(dá)連貫，渾然一體。
4)范文在第二段為說明不收門票的“原因”時(shí)增加了Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away.等細(xì)節(jié)，這也是解決句與句之間缺少連貫性的常見方法。
總之，要想使自己的文章有亮點(diǎn)，吸引讀者，在考試中獲得高分，就應(yīng)在用詞、造句、謀篇上下功夫，哪怕是有一處特長都是“亮”點(diǎn)，都是值得肯定的。
一、 解決方法題型
考生要列舉出解決問題的多種途徑
�。保� 問題現(xiàn)狀 ２． 怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(說明Ａ的現(xiàn)狀)．Second, ---------------(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解決方法一). For another -------------(解決方法二). Finally, --------------(解決方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解決方法). Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(帶來的好處).
二、說明利弊題型
這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對(duì)比事物本身的利弊，有時(shí)也會(huì)單從一個(gè)角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的`態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測）
�。保� 說明事物現(xiàn)狀 ２． 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（或一方面）３． 你對(duì)現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一). Besides -------------------（Ａ的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二）.
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn))．
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(對(duì)前景的預(yù)測)．)
三、議論文的框架
(1) 不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（ 選擇型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點(diǎn)一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___觀點(diǎn)二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點(diǎn)二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點(diǎn)一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
�。�2）利弊型的議論文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文題目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)一______. And secondly ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺點(diǎn)一______. In addition, ____缺點(diǎn)二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.
議論文模板
1.正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文模板：
導(dǎo)入：第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... （導(dǎo)入話題） Our opinions are divided on this topic.（觀點(diǎn)有分歧）
正文：第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方觀點(diǎn)）
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3個(gè)贊成的理由)
第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方觀點(diǎn)）
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3個(gè)反對(duì)的理由)
2."A或者B"類議論文模板：
導(dǎo)入：第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2個(gè)B的優(yōu)勢)
結(jié)論：第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出結(jié)論)
3.觀點(diǎn)論述類議論文模板：
導(dǎo)入：第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某個(gè)決定作為議論的話題
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的觀點(diǎn)是贊成還是反對(duì)）
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （過渡句，承上啟下）
正文：第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3個(gè)贊成或反對(duì)的理由)
結(jié)論：第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... （照應(yīng)第1段，構(gòu)成"總-分-總"結(jié)構(gòu)）
4."How to"類議論文模板：
導(dǎo)入：第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某種困難作為議論的話題
正文：第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3個(gè)解決此類問題的辦法)
結(jié)論：第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(強(qiáng)調(diào)解決此類問題的根本方法)
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