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初三

巧學(xué)初三定語從句

時(shí)間:2021-06-22 15:46:31 初三 我要投稿

巧學(xué)初三定語從句

  初中階段,定語從句可以說是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。陜西中考對于定語從句的考察主要在關(guān)系代詞的應(yīng)用上,比較簡單,但是學(xué)好定語從句能夠幫助我們更好的去理解文章,尤其是出現(xiàn)長難句時(shí)。本期我們就來看看定語從句的用法。

  一、定義

  修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫做定語從句

  二、基本概念

  【先行詞】:被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。

  【關(guān)系詞】:引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

  關(guān)系詞在定語從句中的作用

  連接作用:連接先行詞和定語從句。

  替代作用:在定語從句中替代從句所修飾的'先行詞。因此當(dāng)我們要判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分時(shí),只需要把先行詞帶入從句即可。(因此當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致)

  成分作用:在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語或狀語。

  三、用法

  關(guān)系代詞的用法

  who指人,在定語從句中做主語。

  What was the name ofthe manwholent you the money?

  借錢給你的那人叫什么名字?

  在口語或非正式文體中,“who”也可在從句中做賓語。

  The musicianwhothey are talking about is very famous.

  whom指人,在定語從句中做賓語。

  The peoplewhomI work with are all friendly.

  和我一起工作的人都很友好。

  which指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語。做賓語時(shí)?墒÷。

  English isa languagewhichis easy to learn.

  that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who或whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中做主語或賓語

  The manthatItalked with just now is a doctor.Ilostthe bookthatIbought last week.

  whose人、物皆可,做定語,后面要緊跟被修飾的名詞,先行詞和后面的名詞之間往往是從屬關(guān)系。

  There are somepeople whose faces you can never forget.有些人,他們的臉你永遠(yuǎn)難以忘懷。

  總結(jié)

  在從句中做定語,先行詞是人時(shí)用:who,whom, that;先行詞是物時(shí):which, that;whose,

  注意:只用that的情況

  當(dāng)先行詞為everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等詞時(shí),或當(dāng)先行詞被every, any, all, ome, no, little, few, much等詞修飾時(shí)。Everything that they said was true.

  當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

  The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.

  當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only修飾時(shí)。

  This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.

  當(dāng)先行詞為who或前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí)。

  Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?

  先行詞在定語從句中做表語時(shí)。

  She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.

  當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。

  The driver and his car that fell into the river have not yet been discovered.

  關(guān)系副詞的用法

  引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when, where或why。when, where, why分別在定語從句中作狀語,在意義上相當(dāng)于介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu),分別代替表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因的先行詞。

  when 指時(shí)間,在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。

  I still rememberthe daywhenI first came to this school.

  where 指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

  I recently went back tothe townwhereI was born.

  why 指原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語。

  Please tell methereasonwhyyou missed the plane.

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