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公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導
A happy heart makes a blooming visage.以下是小編為大家搜索整理的公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導，希望能給大家?guī)韼椭?
公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導1
The General House Effect
The green house effect is not a new phenomenon. Scientists have known for centuries that a layer of gases naturally surrounds the earth like an insulating blanket, trapping the reflected energy of the sun and preventing it from escaping into space that is what makes the earth warm enough for people, plants and animals. However, recent human activity has boosted concentrations of greenhouse gases and enhanced their heat-trapping ability. The man culprit is carbon dioxide which scientists estimate accounts for nearly half of global warming.Co2 is released from burning fossil fuels and from clearing and burning forests.
There are other important greenhouse gases too and they cannot be ignored. CFCs, for example, may account for 25 per cent of global warming in the text century if their production is not scaled back. But carbon dioxide is the pivotal one. The UN International panel on Climatic Change now says that Co2 levels could double within in 40 years if present rates of fossil-fuel burning and deforestation continue. That means an average temperature increase between two and four degrees centigrade and a sea-level rise of perhaps a foot by 2050.
No one knows for certain how local weather will change as a result of this warming. But one thing is clear-it will be no picnic. Indications are that the earth will be take place not over thousands of years, but over decades. And it is the speed of the change, which makes the precise impact so difficult to predict.
The most sophisticated computerized climate models in the US and UK , agree that weather around the world will become more irregular and more extreme. In general, temperatures will become more towards the poles than at the equator. overall rainfall will also increase as higher temperatures boost evaporation from the seas. But the distribution of precipitation will shift. Some areas will become wetter, others will be drier. In middle latitudes, Climate zones will march poles-wards. In tropical and subtropical parts of the third would, warming will be less but the impact on a relatively stable climate will be greater.
Global warming will also cause ocean levels to rise---though not, as popular wisdom has it, due to the Antarctic ice cap melting. If this catastrophe occurs it will not be for at least another century. Instead, sea levels will rise simply because water expands as it warms. people living in low-lying coastal regions will be in danger. The world’s great river deltas, home to millions in Asia and Latin America and containing some of the Third World’s richest food-growing land, could become brackish graveyards.
6. Which gas is the most responsible for global warming?
A. Carbon Dioxide.
B. CFCs.
C. Green houses.
D. other gases in the atmosphere.
7. What will happen if man continues to burn fossil fuels and forests at present rates?
A. All fossil fuels, like coal, oil and gas, will run out.
B. Deforestation will give rise to the loss of co2.
C. The temperature will increase two to four degrees Fahrenheit.
D. The rise of sea-level will reach about a foot by 2050.
8. Why is the precise impact the global warming will exert on local weather hard to predict?
A. Because the great changes in temperature will take place in just decades.
B. Because the course of changes will last thousands of years.
C. Because people are not sure whether the earth will be warmer than before.
D. Because there are many other factors involved in this change.
9. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The earth, as a whole, will become much wetter.
B. The temperature around equator will rise more than around the poles.
C. The amount of rainfall will be the same from place to place.
D. The weather around the world will be more unusual in the next few decades.
10. It can be concluded that
A. The rise of ocean levels is due to the Antarctic ice cap melting.
B. The temperature increase will take a gradual course.
C. Human beings will have to suffer more from environmental damage.
D. Without greenhouse gases the earth would be extremely hot.
參考答案
6.A
第一段有這樣一句話：the main culprit is carbon dioxide, which scientists estimate accounts for nearly half of global warming 從這句話可以看出，二氧化碳是全球變暖的罪魁禍首，對全球變暖負有重大責任。
7.D
聯(lián)合國的環(huán)境變化國際小組告訴我們：如果仍以目前的速度使用燃料并濫伐森林，到2005年，地球溫度將會上升2-4攝氏度，海平面也將上升一英尺。所以C是錯誤的。A文章沒有提到燃料是否會用盡。B 濫伐森林不但不會使二氧化碳減少，反而會使二氧化碳越來越多。
8.A
第三段最后一句話告訴我們這道題的正確答案。It is the speed of the change, which makes the precise impact so difficult to predict.地球的溫度在十年間就升高了，變化發(fā)生的速度如此之快，使人很難預測到地球變暖對當?shù)貧夂虻挠绊憽?/p>
9.D
文章的第四段指出：在美國和英國有一個非常復雜的計算機化模型，這一模型得出了世界氣候越來越變化無常、越來越不規(guī)律這一結論。A一些地方會更加濕潤，一些地方會更加干燥，而不是選項中所說的地球整體上會變的更加濕潤。B溫度在兩極的增長幅度大于在赤道的增長幅度， 而不是赤道的`溫度增長幅度大于兩極的增長幅度。C 雨量分布將發(fā)生變化，而不是選項中所說的各地的降水量相同。
10.C
文章的末尾告訴我們：環(huán)境的污染引起的全球變暖、海平面上升、氣候異常以及雨量分布不均，最終給人類帶來更多的不幸。A 海平面的上升并不像人們認為的那樣是由于南極冰層融化引起的。
Translation
11. Global warming could disrupt the ability of a large portion of the world’s oceans to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, setting off a vicious cycle in which the earth gets even hotter, researchers said.
(set off使爆炸,出發(fā); vicious adj.惡的, 墮落的;researchers said注意翻譯順序)
12. These waters around Antarctica make up 10 percent of the world’s oceans and play a significant role in soaking up carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas seen as one of the main causes of global warming.
(Waters水域;soak up 吸收;注意過去分詞短語的翻譯)
13. Since carbon dioxide contributes to global warming, scientists believe a growing build-up of the gas would make the environmental problem increasingly worse.
(contribute to起作用，有助于)
14. If global warming continues with increased precipitation in the Southern ocean, there will be more stratification and that will favor diatoms.
(precipitation n.倉促; stratification n.層化, 成層,; diatom n.硅藻屬)
15. The study, which took place during a month -long expedition during the Antarctic summer, was also one of the first to show that some types of algae absorb carbon dioxide better than others.
(expedition n.遠征, 探險隊; algae n.藻類, 海藻)
句子翻譯：
11.研究人員表示，全球性的氣候變暖可能破壞世界上大部分海洋從大氣中吸收二氧化碳的能力，從而引起惡性循環(huán)，使地球的氣候更加炎熱。
12.南極洲周圍的這片水域占地球海洋面積的百分之十，在吸收二氧化碳方面起著非常重要的作用。而二氧化碳被認為是引起溫室效應的氣體，是導致全球氣溫升高的主要原因之一。
13.科學家認為：既然是二氧化碳引起了全球氣候變暖，那么二氧化碳的不斷積累會環(huán)境狀況進一步惡化。
14.如果全球氣候繼續(xù)變暖，南大洋州的沉淀反應繼續(xù)增加，海水的層次就將更多。這樣有利于硅藻的生長。
15.這項為期一個月的科學考察活動是在南極洲的夏季進行的，也是首批發(fā)現(xiàn)某些種類的海藻比其它海藻具有更強的吸收二氧化碳的能力的研究工作之一。
公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導2
Part D
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.
56) Fathers exposed to poisonous substances are probably just as likely to be the cause of defects in their unborn infants as mothers. Yet it is women who are told to stop drinking and smoking and to look after their health when they are pregnant. And it is women who find that they are banned from jobs where they are exposed to harmful chemicals or radiation.57) Despite a growing body of scientific evidence that a man s exposure to damaging substances can. affect his offspring, pregnant women are still charged with the responsibility of keeping their infants healthy, said Gladys Friedler, of the Boston university School of Medicine. "This is puzzling", she said. "Most of the workforce is still male, so why do we still spend so much time looking at women? The health of men as well as women should be of concern. "
In the US,2,500,000 children are born with birth defects each year. In 60 percent of cases the origin of the defect is not known.58) These figures do not include less obvious problems that appear later in development, such as biochemical malfunctions and behavioral problems.
Many researchers still seem reluctant to contemplate that a man s environment can influence the health of children. "If the effects had not been so obvious, we might still be reluctant to acknowledge the effect of environmental agents on women. " Despite this, there is a reluctance to accept the accumulated evidence of men s effects on development, she said.59) Some companies have already taken steps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding women from jobs where they teps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding women from jobs where they might be exposed to dangerous substances. This has led to some bitter disputes between the women and their employers in the US. The most famous case, now before the Supreme Court, pits a group of women and their union against Johnson Controls, a company which makes batteries.60) The company transferred women from higher-paying jobs where they were exposed to lead on the grounds that it had to protect unborn children. The irony is that children born to me
公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導3
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A,B,C or D for each numbered blank.
Nearly three-quarters of the earth is covered with water. Water heats up more slowly than land, but once it has become warm, it takes longer to_1_down. If the earth’s surface were entirely land, the temperature at night would_2_quite quickly and night would become cooler than the day, as it is on the moon. This does_3_happen in inland deserts, the temperate_4_, is very much affected by the oceans around them. The areas close to the sea have a “maritime climate”, _5_rather cool summers and warm winters. The interiors, far from the sea, have a_6_climate with extremely hot summers and cold winters.
Rain_7_from the evaporation of rivers, seas and lakes. Even after heavy rain the pavements in the city do not take long to dry_8_the rainwater evaporates into the air. on a warm dry day it evaporates very rapidly, _9_warm air can absorb more moisture than cold air. But at any particular temperature, the_10_can hold only a certain maximum amount of water vapor. The air is then saturated like a sponge that can not hold_11_more water. The lower the temperature, the_12_ water vapor is required to saturate the air.
All over the surface of the earth, millions of tons of water are_13_every second, condensing in the air into drops so small_14_it takes thousands of them to make a single raindrop. It is these_15_ droplets that make clouds. When clouds roll in from the sea over the warmer land, they are forced to_16_and become cooler in the colder atmosphere. As the air cools sown, it may pass through its saturation point and_17_some of its water vapor turns to rain. Day in , day out,the_18_water circulates between the air and the land:rivers_19_to make clouds, clouds make rain, rain makes rivers which in turn run into the sea. This is called the rain_20_.
1.A.cool B.balance C.keep D.condense
2.A.rise B.loose C.miss D.fall
3.A.indeed B.not C. however D.ust
4.A.centers B.moisture C. fields D.zones
5.A.with B.instead of C. within D.owing to
6.A.maritime B.continental C.conventional D.normal
7.A.evaporates B.result C.comes D.restrains
8.A.though B.because C.while D.so that
9.A.where B.now that C.as D.as long as
10.A.climate B.atmosphere C.weather D.rivers
11.A.no B.some C.any D.much
12.A.more B.less C.fewer D.greater
13.A.heating up B.flowing C. evaporating D.moving
14.A.for B.that C.then D.yet
15.A.big B.enough C.tiny D.circulating
16.A.raise B.drop C.be cold D.rise
17.A.then B.already C.merely D.soon
18.A.running B.vapor C.evaporated D.same
19.A.evaporate B.try C.cool D.tend
20.A.saturation B.effect D.system D.cycle
公共英語四級閱讀題型練習輔導4
Piano
The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries —— the spinet, the dulcimer, and the virginal. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century. The clavichord's tone was metallic and never powerful; nevertheless, because of the variety of tone possible to it, many composers found the clavichord a sympathetic instrument for intimate chamber music. The harpsichord with its bright, vigorous tone was the favorite instrument for supporting the bass of the small orchestra of the period and for concert use, but the character of the tone could not be varied save by mechanical or structural devices.
The piano was perfected in the early eighteenth century by a harpsichord maker in Italy(though musicologists point out several previous instances of the instrument). This instrument was called a piano e forte (soft and loud), to indicate its dynamic versatility; its strings were struck by a recoiling hammer with a felt-padded head. The wires were much heavier in the earlier instruments. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.
鋼琴
鋼琴的家系可以追溯至 15 至 16 世紀早期的鍵盤樂器，包括小型撥弦琴、洋琴和維金娜琴。17 世紀時風琴、敲弦琴和撥弦琴成為鍵盤樂器類的主要成員。這種至高無上的地位一直為它們所保持，直到 18 世紀末期鋼琴將它們取代。
敲弦古鋼琴的音調有金屬的音質，缺乏雄勁。然而由于它的音調變化多，許多作曲家發(fā)現(xiàn)對于親切的室內樂是一種得體的樂器。人們最喜歡用具備明快有力音調的撥弦古鋼琴來配合當時小型管弦樂團的低音樂器以 及在演奏會上演奏。但它的音調難以變化，除非使用機械或構件裝置。18 世紀早期的意大利，鋼琴在一位撥琴鋼琴制造者手中得到完善(盡管音樂理論家們指出有更早的例子)。這種樂器被稱為 piano eforte (意大利語，柔和而響亮的)，以顯示它有力的'多樣性。演奏者用 一個頭部帶皮氈的彈擊樂錘敲擊琴弦。更早的這種樂器之上的金屬絲要重得多。從此，持續(xù)到 19 世紀的一系列機械上的改進，包括引入踏板以維持音調或使其柔和，改善金屬框架，以及使用最佳性能的鋼絲，最終產生了一種具備無數(shù)音調效果的樂器。這些效果涵蓋了從最精致的和聲到幾乎全部的管弦樂音響，從明快流暢的吟唱的音調到尖銳的打擊樂器的清晰動人的恢宏氣勢。
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