- 相關(guān)推薦
2023雅思閱讀重點(diǎn)題材解析
在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作或生活中，大家都知道雅思吧，以下是小編收集整理的2023雅思閱讀重點(diǎn)題材解析，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
下面是動(dòng)物和植物類和心理語言類文章，各占27篇。
比較常規(guī)考到的是地理環(huán)境類、考古研究類和經(jīng)濟(jì)管理類，今年格外值得注意的是跨界題材，即同一文章涉及兩個(gè)不同的領(lǐng)域和學(xué)科的內(nèi)容，例如它會(huì)講到人文音樂對(duì)于工程師也就是arts對(duì)engineering的影響,或是一個(gè)國家所處的地理環(huán)境跟這國家的自然氣候?qū)医?jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的影響，這個(gè)不容小視。接下來我們一一分開去說。
1. 雅思閱讀文章題材--物品/機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展說明
1C5T2P1: Bakelite
1C7T2P1: Why pagodas don’t fall down
1C8T1P1: A Chronicle of Timekeeping
1C8T1P2: Air Traffic Control in USA
1C10T1P1: Stepwells
1C10T3P2: Autumn Leaves
這一題型從劍五開始?xì)v數(shù)，劍五第二套試題第一篇文章，有關(guān)Bakelite，文章的翻譯標(biāo)題叫做電木，在中文中很多人也沒有聽過這個(gè)名稱，看了副標(biāo)題才知道這是人造塑料的前身。在文章中關(guān)于這個(gè)東西是由誰發(fā)明的，它有什么樣的用途，應(yīng)用在什么領(lǐng)域中，人們對(duì)它的接受和使用情況如何，等等，結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰。
同樣，劍七中有一篇關(guān)于日本的古塔結(jié)構(gòu);劍八中有文章講各個(gè)國家對(duì)于計(jì)時(shí)工具在不同歷史時(shí)期的發(fā)展;劍八中還有一篇文章講美國的航空交通管制ATC的發(fā)展過程;劍十中有提到梯井或者是步井，是印度非常獨(dú)特的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，要走到很深的臺(tái)階底下去取水。這些都是類似的物品或機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展說明類文章，值得考生好好研讀以掌握其行文模式。
2. 雅思閱讀文章題材--動(dòng)物植物
1C4T1P2: What do Whales Feel?
1C4GB: Understanding Bee Behavior
1C5T4P3: Effects of Light on Plant and Animal Species
1C6GB: PTEROSAURS
1C9T1P3: The history of the tortoise
動(dòng)物和植物是雅思閱讀和聽力都經(jīng)常會(huì)考到的話題。從劍橋系列的情況來看，這類題目也很多。比如劍四中一篇經(jīng)典的海洋哺乳動(dòng)物文章講到鯨類的感覺;劍五中有文章講光對(duì)于植物和動(dòng)物的影響;劍九中有文章講烏龜?shù)臍v史;劍十里有一篇講到秋天的樹葉，在樹葉中所包含的花青素和葉綠素分別都有一些什么樣的功能，等等。
此外還值得注意的是，GB這個(gè)簡稱指General training也就是我們通常所說移民類文章的B套，也就是移民類閱讀考卷中的第二套試題。需注意劍橋系列每本書中、G類每一套的section 3題材和文章難度很接近于A類的第一篇或第二篇文章，尤其在題材上與A類考試中的動(dòng)植物場景有大幅度重合，所以G類section 3文章對(duì)于A類考生來說也有試做和分析的意義。
就比如說劍四G類第二套的Section3文章，理解蜜蜂的行為，與今年兩次考到的與蜜蜂相關(guān)的文章在題材上都很接近;劍六G類的Section 3在第二套試題當(dāng)中的文章講恐龍中會(huì)飛的那一種，翼龍;劍八G類中還有一篇叫snake oil的文章，看標(biāo)題可能會(huì)以為是在講“蛇油”，其實(shí)說的卻是一種有藥用價(jià)值的植物紫松果菊。這些動(dòng)物和植物類材料都可以拿來作為A類考生同類對(duì)比和學(xué)習(xí)了解的題材。
3. 雅思閱讀文章題材--地理環(huán)境
1C4T3P2: Volcanoes
1C5T3P2: Disappearing Delta
1C6T1P3: Climate Change and the Inuit
1C7T3P3: “European Forest”
1C8T2P2: little Ice Age
1C9T3P2: Tidal Power
地理環(huán)境從劍四到劍九是一個(gè)常考不衰的話題，這一點(diǎn)大家從此處列出的劍橋系列文章分布也能很容易地看出來。尤其劍七第三套第三篇文章講歐洲森林以及各國開會(huì)討論如何制訂森林政策，其中也涉及森林跟環(huán)境的相互作用。
4. 雅思閱讀文章題材--考古研究
考古研究自劍三就開始出現(xiàn)�，F(xiàn)在看劍三雖然題目老了，但文章本身還有可讀意義。比如，劍三的一篇文章講到人種志學(xué)類似內(nèi)容，當(dāng)中涉及到很多單詞和基本概念，這些相關(guān)內(nèi)容在之后的劍四到劍十系列中都反復(fù)有出現(xiàn)。
5. 雅思閱讀文章題材--經(jīng)濟(jì)管理
經(jīng)濟(jì)管理題目在2014年基本每考三次就有一兩篇相關(guān)內(nèi)容，但劍橋真題中相關(guān)題材文章不多。經(jīng)濟(jì)管理這個(gè)領(lǐng)域大家可以重點(diǎn)看以下的幾篇文章。
1C6T3P2: Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions
1C6T4P1: Doctoring sales
1C10T3P1: The Context, Meaning and Scope of Tourism
6. 雅思閱讀文章題材--跨領(lǐng)域跨題材
跨領(lǐng)域跨題材的文章會(huì)提到文科類的某一個(gè)學(xué)科對(duì)于理科類當(dāng)中某一個(gè)學(xué)科研究的影響。從劍五到劍十中有如下的相關(guān)文章供我們復(fù)習(xí)。
1C5T4P1: The Impact of Wilderness Tourism
1C7T1P2: Making Every Drop Count
1C7T2P2: The True Cost of Food
1C10T2P1: Tea and the Industrial Revolution
建議大家以從官方校準(zhǔn)的真題入手，將劍四到劍十一所有A類試題，以及每一套G類試題的section3進(jìn)行一個(gè)參考，對(duì)于上述文章都沒有盲區(qū)后，在解決了自己所有問題的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合真題來看機(jī)經(jīng)中的相關(guān)題材和文章類型，并了解有可能都考過哪些問題，同學(xué)們的水平才能得到最好發(fā)揮。
習(xí)題
Selling Digital Music without Copy-protection Makes Sense
A. It was uncharacteristically low-key for the industry's greatest showman. But the essay published this week by Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, on his firm’s website under the unassuming title "Thoughts on Music" has nonetheless provoked a vigorous debate about the future of digital music, which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store. At issue is "digital rights management" DRM—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft. Since there is no common standard for DRM, it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another. Apple's DRM system, called FairPlay, is the most widespread. So it came as a surprise when Mr. Jobs called for DRM for digital music to be abolished.
B. This is a change of tack for Apple. It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has "locked in" customers. Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players at least not without a lot of fiddling, any iTunes buyer will be deterred from switching to a device made by a rival firm, such as Sony or Microsoft. When French lawmakers drafted a bill last year compelling Apple to open up FairPlay to rivals, the company warned of "state-sponsored piracy". Only DRM, it implied, could keep the pirates at bay.
C. This week Mr. Jobs gave another explanation for his former defence of DRM: the record companies made him do it. They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM. They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised. Apple cannot license FairPlay to others, says Mr Jobs, because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly. All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry, says Mr Jobs; without it there would be far more stores and players, and far more innovation. So, he suggests, why not do away with DRM and sell music unprotected? "This is clearly the best alternative for consumers," he declares, "and Apple would embrace it in a heartbeat."
D. Why the sudden change of heart? Mr Jobs seems chiefly concerned with getting Europe's regulators off his back. Rather than complaining to Apple about its use of DRM, he suggests, "those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free." Two and a half of the four big record companies, he helpfully points out, are European-owned. Mr Jobs also hopes to paint himself as a consumer champion. Apple resents accusations that it has become the Microsoft of digital music.
E. Apple can afford to embrace open competition in music players and online stores. Consumers would gravitate to the best player and the best store, and at the moment that still means Apple's. Mr Jobs is evidently unfazed by rivals to the iPod. Since only 3% of the music in a typical iTunes library is protected, most of it can already be used on other players today, he notes. And even the protected tracks can be burned onto a CD and then re-ripped. So Apple's dominance evidently depends far more on branding and ease of use than DRM-related "lock in".
F. The music giants are trying DRM-free downloads. Lots of smaller labels already sell music that way. Having seen which way the wind is blowing, Mr Jobs now wants to be seen not as DRM's defender, but as a consumer champion who helped in its downfall. Wouldn't it lead to a surge in piracy? No, because most music is still sold unprotected on CDs, people wishing to steal music already can do so. Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility. With the leading online store, Apple would benefit most. Mr Jobs's argument, in short, is transparently self-serving. It also happens to be right.
Questions 1-7 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossbile to say what the writer thinks about this
1. Apple enjoys a controlling position in digital music market with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store.
2. DRM is a government decree issued with a purpose to protect downloaded music from theft by consumers.
3. Lack of standardization in DRM makes songs bought for one kind of music player may not function on another.
4. Apple has been criticized by European regulators since it has refused to grant a license FairPlay to other firms.
5. All music can be easily played on non-iPod music devices from Sony or Microsoft without too much fiddling.
6. Apple depends far more on DRM rather than branding for its dominance of the digital music devices.
7. If DRM was cancelled, Sony would certainly dominate the international digital music market.
Questions 8-10 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 8-10 on your answe sheet.
8. Which of the following statements about Mr. Jobs'idea of DRM is NOT TRUE?
A. DRM places restrictions on consumer'choice of digital music products available.
B. DRM comples iTunes buyers to switch to a device made by Sony or Microsoft.
C. DRM constitutes a barrier for potential consumers to enter digital music markets.
D. DRM hinders development of more stores and players and technical innovation.
9. The word "unfazed" in line 3 of paragraph E, means___________.
A. refused
B. welcomed
C. not bothered
D. not well received
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE if DRM was scapped?
A. Sony would gain the most profit.
B. More customers would be “l(fā)ocked in”.
C. A sudden increase in piracy would occur.
D. Online-music sales would probably decrease.
Questions 11-14 Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.
Mr. Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, explains the reason why he used to defend DRM, saying that the company was forced to do so: the record companies would make their music accessible to …11...only if they agreed to protect it using DRM; they can still…12…if the DRM system is compromised. He also provides the reason why Apple did not license FairPlay to others: the company relies on them to …13….But now he changes his mind with a possible expectation that Europe's regulators would not trouble him any more in the future. He proposes that those who are unsatisfactory with the current situation in digital music market should …14… towards persuade the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.
Notes to Reading Passage 1
1. low-key：抑制的，受約束的，屈服的
2. showman：開展覽會(huì)的人，出風(fēng)頭的人物
3. unassuming：謙遜的，不夸耀的，不裝腔作勢的
4. iPod：蘋果公司出產(chǎn)的音樂播放器
5. iTunes store：蘋果公司出產(chǎn)的在線音樂商店
6. get off person's back: 不再找某人的麻煩，擺脫某人的糾纏
7. gravitate: 受吸引，傾向于
8. unfazed: 不再擔(dān)憂，不被打擾
Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-13
1. TRUE
See the second sentence in Paragraph A "… the future of digital music, which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store."
2. FALSE
See the third sentence in Paragraph A "…At issue is 'digital rights management' DRM—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft."
3. TRUE
See the fourth sentence in Paragraph A "Since there is no common standard for DRM, it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another."
4. TRUE
See the second sentence in Paragraph B "It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has 'locked in' customers."
5. NOT GIVEN
The third sentence in Paragaph B only mentions music from the iTunes store, nothing about that of Sony or Microsoft. "Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players at least not without a lot of fiddling."
6. FALSE
See the last sentence in Paragraph E "So Apple's dominance evidently depends far more on branding and ease of use than DRM-related 'lock in'".
7. NOT GIVEN
See the fourth sentence in Paragraph F only mentions music generally, no particular information about business prospect of Sony "Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility."
8. B
See the fourth sentence of Paragraph C "All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry, says Mr Jobs; without it there would be far more stores and players, and far more innovation."
9. C
See the third sentence of Paragraph E and the context "Mr Jobs is evidently unfazed by rivals to the iPod. Since only 3% of the music in a typical iTunes library is protected, most of it can already be used on other players today."
10. A
See the last four sentences of Paragraph F "Wouldn't it lead to a surge in piracy? No, because most music is still sold unprotected on CDs, people wishing to steal music already can do so. Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility. With the leading online store, Apple would benefit most."
11. the iTunes store
See the second sentence of Paragraph C "They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM."
12. withdraw their catalogues
See the third sentence of Paragraph C "They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised."
13. produce security fixes
See the fourth sentence of Paragraph C "Apple cannot license FairPlay to others, says Mr Jobs, because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly."
14. redirect their energies
See the second sentence of Paragraph D "Rather than complaining to Apple about its use of DRM, he suggests, those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free."
【雅思閱讀重點(diǎn)題材解析】相關(guān)文章：
雅思閱讀備考重點(diǎn)介紹12-04
雅思閱讀精選題及答案解析08-06
2022雅思閱讀真題材料練習(xí)11-18
2016雅思閱讀定位詞解析03-15
最新雅思考試閱讀精選試題及答案解析03-30
2017年雅思考試閱讀真題解析06-05
2017年雅思考試閱讀精選題及答案解析03-30