全國職稱英語試題庫

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　　第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分) 下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

　　1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. Accept 【答案】D

　　2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. Taste 【答案】B

　　【解析】aptitude 天賦

　　have a aptitude for=have a gift /talent for 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. Destiny 【答案】C

　　4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. Sensible 【答案】C

　　5. They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. Active 【答案】A

　　【解析】A.deadly 致死的; B.open打開的; C.actual實在的; D.Active積極的。

　　mortal致命的、致死的;immortal 不朽的 題干：他們被鎖起來進行致命的戰(zhàn)爭。

　　6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. Sum 【答案】C

　　7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. Correct 【答案】A

　　【解析】A.clear清楚的; B.necessary必要的; C.special特殊的; D.Correct正確的

　　transparent 明顯的、顯然的

　　題干：這些過程被認為是復雜的且沒有那么清楚的。

　　8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. Service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 【答案】C

　　【解析】stock exchange證券交易所 in turmoil處于混亂中

　　題干：證券交易所在一次大的拋售后處于混亂。

　　9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. Move 【答案】C

　　【解析】perish 死亡，枯萎

　　題干：他認為歐洲必須改變否則它就會死亡。 A.survive幸存; B.last持續(xù); C.die死亡; D.Move移動。

　　10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build. A. fair B. full C .coexisting D. Public 【答案】C

　　11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture. A. policy B. value C .equality D. Integration 【答案】D

　　【解析】assimilate同化、吸收 ---assimilation

　　題干：他們宣傳民族同化，吸收進主流文化。 A.policy政策; B.value價值; C.equality同等; D.Integration組合。

　　12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. A. principal B. official C. simple D. Legal 【答案】A

　　【解析】cardinal 主要的

　　cardinal rule 主要問題、基本原則

　　題干：銷售人員的主要職責就是滿足顧客。 A.principal主要的; B.official官方的; C.simple簡單的; D.Legal合法的。

　　13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation A. silence B. praise C .assure D. Complain 【答案】B

　　【解析】compliment 贊揚，稱贊 compliment sb on sth

　　題干：我必須稱贊你，在一個非常困難的情況下處理好事情。 注意與complemen補充，區(qū)分開。 A.Silence安靜;B.praise贊揚; C.assure確信;D.Complain抱怨

　　14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear A. emotional B. nervous C. terrible D. Continuous 【答案】D

　　【解析】perpetual 永久的不斷的

　　題干：我們常年一直處于害怕的狀態(tài)。 A.emotional情感的; B.nervous緊張的'; C.terrible可怕的;

　　D.Continuous持續(xù)的、不斷的。

　　15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.

　　A. common B. unexpected C. unforgettable D. Pitiful 【答案】D

　　【解析】pathetic可憐的 sympathetic 同情的 sympathy

　　題干：這些挨餓的孩子真是很可憐。 A.common普遍的;

　　B.unexpected意想不到的; C.unforgettable難以忘記的; D.Pitiful 可憐的。
       第2部分 閱讀判斷

　　Lackof Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on Earth

　　Scientistshave long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, oncesufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at theend of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about thebillion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also wasplenty of oxygen? Well,it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.

　　Ina study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and hiscolleagues found that oxygen levels during the “boring billion” period wereonly 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’thave supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancementswere poised to occur.

　　“There is no questionthat genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise ofanimals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level ofoxygen,” said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with ChristopherReinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We‟re providing the firstevidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentiallyprevent the rise of animals.”

　　Thescientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancientsediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium isfound in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directlylinked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.

　　Specifically,the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near theshore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger localesknown to have higher levels of oxygen.

　　Oxygen’srole in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists.“We were missing the right approach until now,” Planavsky said. “Chromium gaveus the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’sconditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygenwas already plentiful enough to support animal life.

　　Inthe new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highlydynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes.However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference inthe nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.

　　“If we are right, ourresults will really change how people view the origins of animals and othercomplex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” saidco-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be agame changer.”

　　Fundingsources for the research included the NASA Exobiology Program and the NationalScience Foundation’s Earth-Life Transitions program, awarded to Planavsky,Reinhard, and Lyons.

　　Theother members of the research team included Xiangli Wang, a postdoctoral fellowat Yale; Thomas Johnson, of the University of Illinois; Danielle Thomson, ofCarleton University; Peter McGoldrick, of the University of Tasmania; andWoodward Fischer, of the California Institute of Technology.