職稱英語(yǔ)考試補(bǔ)全短文試題及答案翻譯「衛(wèi)生類」
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More Efforts Urged to Empower Women at AIDS Conference
Prevention is a central issue being discussed at the sixteenth International AIDS Conference in Toronto, Canada. Twenty-four thousand delegates are at the conference which ends Friday.
Bill and Melinda Gates2 called for3 faster research to develop preventions like microbicides4 for women to use when they have sex. ____1____
Melinda Gates said the way to “change this epidemic” is to put power in the hands of women5. In southern Africa, for example, about sixty percent of adults living with HIV6 are women. Bill Gates said women today often have no choice but to depend on men not to infect them. “A woman should never need her partner’s permission to save her own life,” he said as the conference opened Sunday. ____2____
On Monday, former President Bill Clinton said more people would get tested for HIV if an aggressive effort took place to fight the stigma. But reducing fears of social rejection is not enough. ____3____
Researchers at the conference presented the results of a new study of HIV testing. It involved more than one hundred thousand people tested in California last year. Some received a quick test, with results in about twenty minutes. The others received a test that is more commonly used; the results takes two weeks. The researchers say twenty-five percent of the people who had the longer test did not return to learn the results. ____4____
George Lemp of the University of California led the study. He says quick tests could be especially important in developing countries with limited transportation.
Speakers at the AIDS conference also discussed high rates of new HIV infections among black Americans. Julian Bond is chairman of the NAACP7, a leading civil rights group. ____5____
Public health officials say half of all new HIV infections in the United States are in blacks. African-American delegates at the conference said they will prepare a five-year plan to reduce infection rates and increase testing.
詞匯：
urge 敦促;vi.強(qiáng)烈要求 empower 授權(quán)，使……有能力
microbicide 殺微生物 priority .優(yōu)先，優(yōu)先權(quán);優(yōu)先項(xiàng)劑目
infection 傳染，感染;傳染病 epidemic 流行性的;n.流行病;(流行病)流行
infect 傳染，感染 rejection 排斥，拒絕
stigma 恥辱;污名;(某種心理或身體的)痕跡，跡象
注釋：
1.More efforts urged to empower women at AIDS conference：這一標(biāo)題比較完整的意思是：在國(guó)際艾滋病大，上代表們強(qiáng)烈要求，要花更大力量去武裝婦女。題目中的urged前面省去were，這是標(biāo)題的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方法。AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)：獲得性免疫缺損綜合征，艾滋病。
2.Bill and Melinda Gates：比爾·蓋茨夫婦。Melinda Gates是Bill Gates的'妻子。Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation：比爾·蓋茨夫婦基金會(huì)。
3.called for：要求
4.–cide是構(gòu)詞后綴，意為“killing”，表示“殺”“殺者”“殺滅劑”，例如：suicide(自殺)，germicide(殺菌劑)，bactericide(殺菌劑)，insecticide(殺蟲(chóng)劑)。
5.put power in the hands of women：把武器交到婦女手里
6.HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)：人體免疫缺損病毒，艾滋病病毒
7.NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)：國(guó)有色人種協(xié)進(jìn)會(huì)(美國(guó)一個(gè)由白人和黑人組成的旨在促進(jìn)黑人民權(quán)的全國(guó)性組織，總部設(shè)在紐約)
練習(xí)：
A The chairman said African-Americans must, in his words, “face the fact that AIDS has become a black disease.”
B Mr. Clinton said people also need a guarantee they would get medicine to suppress the virus.
C Delegates at the conference have worked out an action plan to fight the wide spread of this terrible disease all over the world.
D Hiey hoped that such products could protect against infection with the virus that causes AIDS.
E The world’s richesft man said “stopping AIDS” is the top priority of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
F But that was true of only two percent of those who had the quick test.
答案與題解：
1.D 整個(gè)第二段都是有關(guān)比爾﹒蓋茨夫婦的。第一句說(shuō)，比爾﹒蓋茨夫婦要求加快研究，研發(fā)一些能殺死微生物的預(yù)防制劑提供給婦女性交時(shí)使用。第三句以后則分別列出比爾﹒蓋茨夫婦所說(shuō)的話。那么D項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的“他們希望這些產(chǎn)品可以預(yù)防引起艾滋病的病毒感染”正好與第一句相銜接，況且全篇文章還沒(méi)有第二個(gè)地方提到兩個(gè)人以上可以用代詞they來(lái)代替的，所以D項(xiàng)是正確答案。
2.E 本空白處的前面兩句話分別用間接引語(yǔ)和直接引語(yǔ)介紹比爾﹒蓋茨所說(shuō)的話，選項(xiàng)E仍是介紹比爾﹒蓋茨講話的內(nèi)容，所以填在這里是恰當(dāng)?shù)摹１具x項(xiàng)中所說(shuō)的the world’s richest man正是比爾﹒蓋茨，他是全球首富。
3.B 本段前兩句介紹的是美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)比爾·克林頓的講話，選項(xiàng)B仍是克林頓講話的內(nèi)容，況且文章其他地方都沒(méi)有提到克林頓，因此填在這里是最恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>
4.F 本空白處前面說(shuō)到，做HIV檢驗(yàn)有兩種方法：新的快速方法只需大約20分鐘，而另一種常用的慢速方法則需兩周。研究人員說(shuō)，做慢速檢驗(yàn)的人中有25%沒(méi)有回來(lái)看檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果，而選項(xiàng)F則說(shuō)“做快速檢驗(yàn)的人中不回來(lái)看結(jié)果的則只有2%”，作為快慢速檢驗(yàn)方法的對(duì)比，填在此處是最恰當(dāng)不過(guò)的了。
5.A 本空白處前一句介紹了Julian Bond是重要的民權(quán)機(jī)構(gòu)NAACP的主席，而選項(xiàng)A說(shuō)，“他說(shuō)，非裔美國(guó)人‘應(yīng)該面對(duì)艾滋病已經(jīng)變成黑人病這個(gè)事實(shí)’。”文章中沒(méi)有第二個(gè)地方提到chairman這個(gè)詞，而選項(xiàng)A一開(kāi)頭就提到The chairman said...，可見(jiàn)此處答案非它莫屬了。
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