2017小升初英語語法復習資料匯總
小升初英語考試中單項選擇比例占到15%-30%,同時,在其他各種題型中也都涉及到大量的語法知識。進行系統(tǒng)的語法的學習非常必要。下面是YJBYS小編搜索整理的關于小升初英語語法復習資料匯總,僅供參考學習,希望對同學們有所幫助!想了解更多相關信息請持續(xù)關注我們應屆畢業(yè)生培訓網(wǎng)!
小升初英語語法復習資料匯總 |
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一.名詞:名詞單復數(shù),名詞的格
(一)名詞單復數(shù)
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以―輔音字母+y‖結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以―f或fe‖結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù):
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名詞的格
(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a) 單數(shù)后加 ‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的復數(shù)名詞后加 ‘如: his friends‘ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的復數(shù)后加 ‘s children‘s shoes
l 并列名詞中,如果把 ‘s加在最后一個名詞后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike‘s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
l 要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在并列名詞后加‘s
Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用― of +名詞‖來表示所有關系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:
(1) 不定冠詞:a / an
(2) 元音讀音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(3)定冠詞:the 2. 用法:
定冠詞的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)復述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school.
(4)在序數(shù)詞前: John‘s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定詞組中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠詞的'情況:
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)復數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定詞組中:at noon at night by bus
四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級
(一)、形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:
、 一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 結尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
、 以―輔音字母+y‖結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副詞的比較級
1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動) ⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后 ⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后
2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化:well-better, far-farther)
五 數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞一、基數(shù)詞
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99
先說―幾十‖,再說―幾‖,中間加連字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999
先說―幾百‖,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個―,‖,第一個―,‖前為thousand.第二個―,‖前為million,第三個―,‖前為billion 1,001→one thousand and one
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion