2016職稱英語(yǔ)理工類考試考前預(yù)測(cè)題及答案
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16——22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
Easy Learning
Students should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they’ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep.
By the time babies are a year old they can recognise a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake.
To test the theory, Cheour and her colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first few days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds—one that sounds like “oo”, another like “ee” and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG recordings of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds.
Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds.
When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies who’d heard the tricky boundary vowel all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognise this new sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all.
Cheour doesn’t know how babies accomplish this night-time learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don’t “turn off” their cerebral cortex while they sleep. The skill probably fades in the course of the first year of life, she adds—so forget the idea that you can pick up tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders.
16. Babies can learn language even in their sleep.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. An infant can recognize a lot of vowels by the time he or she is a year old.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Finnish vowels are easy to distinguish.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. The study shows that the infant’s cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. If an adult wants to learn a language faster. he can put a language tape under his pillow.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Cheour’s finding is worthless.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
參考答案：16-22 ACCAA BB
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23——30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23——26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2——6段其中四段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27——30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Screen Test
Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early ecough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.
But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.
Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.
The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led, to a lower figure of 20 cancers.
The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.
But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast cancer screening.
“There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks.” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”
23. Paragraph 2_____
24. Paragraph 3_____
25. Paragraph 4_____
26. Paragraph 5_____
A. Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman
B. Investigating the Effect of Screening
C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models
D. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation
E. Treatment of Cancers
F. Factors That Trigger Cancers
27. Early discovery of breast cancer may_____.
28. Advantages of screening women under 50 are_____.
29. Delaying the age at which screening starts may_____.
30. Radiation exposure should be_____.
A. be costly
B. harmful
C. save a life
D. still open to debate
E. reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer
F. reduced to the minimum
參考答案：23-30ABC DCDEF