托福聽(tīng)力考試三大技巧的指南
(1)打開(kāi)磁帶聽(tīng)Direction,在這一時(shí)間里,考試中心不讓你看選項(xiàng)。
(2)當(dāng)Direction叫你turn the page時(shí)，快速看題目的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。你可能只有1至2秒的時(shí)間，但盡量搜索那些在4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞，諸如名字，地點(diǎn)等等。這將在你聽(tīng)到這些詞的時(shí)候?qū)δ阌兴鶐椭�。你甚至可能通過(guò)這些反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的名詞和動(dòng)詞猜出對(duì)話的主題。
(3)當(dāng)對(duì)話開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，立即停止看題，集中精神聽(tīng)題。
(4)當(dāng)問(wèn)題問(wèn)完以后，再讀一邊四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選出你的答案。如果你無(wú)法馬上做出答案。盡量排除一些選項(xiàng)。然后從剩下的選項(xiàng)中選一個(gè)。
(5)快速仔細(xì)的涂答題紙。馬上回到第2步，看下一題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。
逆向搜索法的好處：
(1)你能搜索到關(guān)于對(duì)話內(nèi)容的線索。
(2)你能運(yùn)用你的閱讀能力和歸納能力來(lái)加強(qiáng)你的聽(tīng)力能力。
(3)當(dāng)你猜到一道題目的主題的時(shí)候，你會(huì)少一些緊張和焦慮，這將幫助你關(guān)注你所需要聽(tīng)到的信息。
例題1999年1月聽(tīng)力部分短對(duì)話第19題
(A) Meet her in the auditorium.
(B) Schedule the meeting for a different time.
(C) Reserve a large room for the meeting.
(D) Cancel the meeting.
迅速搜索4個(gè)選項(xiàng)后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)單詞meeting在其中3個(gè)選項(xiàng)中重復(fù)，而在選項(xiàng)A中出現(xiàn)了與meeting形似意異的動(dòng)詞meet。僅從這4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，未聽(tīng)對(duì)話之前，我們可以得出兩個(gè)結(jié)論：首先，對(duì)話的內(nèi)容肯定與meeting有關(guān)；其次，選項(xiàng)A肯定不對(duì)，因?yàn)樗c其它3個(gè)選項(xiàng)差別太大。
然后，我們看B，C和D中最大的差別在于動(dòng)詞schedule，reserve和cancel。也就是說(shuō)，在判定對(duì)話內(nèi)容與meeting有關(guān)后，在對(duì)話真正開(kāi)始時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注與meeting有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞。
接著，我們聽(tīng)到如下的對(duì)話與問(wèn)題：
M: Do you know if Sarah has reserved the room for the committee meeting yet?
W: No. But if she hasnt we should have her try to get it at the auditorium. Well need the
space.What does the woman want Sarah to do?
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)你可能不熟悉的詞Sarah，但是女音(W)里的代詞和問(wèn)題明顯地提示了Sarah是個(gè)女人。對(duì)話里的男音(M)中出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞reserve與選項(xiàng)C相同，而且女音(W)中出現(xiàn)了need the space。所以聽(tīng)完對(duì)話和問(wèn)題后，我們可以肯定C是正確答案
在場(chǎng)景法的后面，我們將歸納美國(guó)大學(xué)生活的各個(gè)場(chǎng)合及其典型的對(duì)話內(nèi)容。在這里，我們的先介紹一下如何利用場(chǎng)景法。為什么要用場(chǎng)景法？
很多做過(guò)托福聽(tīng)力題的考生都有這種感受：即有些對(duì)話里的詞全都聽(tīng)懂而且明白單詞的意思，就是選不出答案。更離譜的是，即使讓你看文字答案答題，你也未必會(huì)有很高的正確率。為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況呢？原因在于場(chǎng)景，即英語(yǔ)里常說(shuō)的situation。我們平時(shí)碰到有人試圖安慰心情不好的自己時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)說(shuō)“你不是我，你不會(huì)明白的”，就是這個(gè)道理。在托福的聽(tīng)力中，“清”的肯定不是“旁觀者”，而只有“當(dāng)局者”才會(huì)最清楚對(duì)話到底說(shuō)的是什么。而要成為“當(dāng)局者”，你必須熟悉托福聽(tīng)力的大學(xué)生活背景。下面的'例子列舉了熟悉場(chǎng)景的重要性：
He got in and pushed the button for the forth floor.Question: What did he do?
(A) He took the elevator.
(B) He sewed the buttons on.
(C) He dropped something on the floor.
(D) He made him go upstairs.
這個(gè)單句題(現(xiàn)在的聽(tīng)力部分沒(méi)有這種單句題)，如果你不熟悉電梯的話，你會(huì)一頭霧水，根本不知其所云何事。但是，如果你一聽(tīng)到就想到了電梯的話，那么這根本不是問(wèn)題。
所以，托福的聽(tīng)力中的有些題目?jī)H憑聽(tīng)清楚每個(gè)單詞的字面意思是不夠的(很多時(shí)候甚至是不必要的)，你還必須生動(dòng)地想象出對(duì)話所發(fā)生的具體生活場(chǎng)景。場(chǎng)景法的魅力：
例如學(xué)生入學(xué)時(shí)登記注冊(cè)的場(chǎng)景。如果你平時(shí)記住了關(guān)于register的詞匯，如registration，
course enrollment form，signed by academic advisor，get the departments approval，
tables set up aIl the way around，stamp your form，approved，pay for tuition，
officially enrolled，pick up identification card。
那么，即使你聽(tīng)力能力較差，對(duì)話的具體細(xì)節(jié)沒(méi)能聽(tīng)懂，你也能答對(duì)題。如果你不相信的話，請(qǐng)?jiān)囍鴥H根據(jù)注冊(cè)這一大學(xué)里發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景，而不根據(jù)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容，做下面兩道題。
1.When would this talk be given?
(A) At the beginning of a semester.
(B) During the mid-semester vacation.
(C) At final examination time.
(D) Just before a gymnastics event.Q
2.swheresare the students going tomorrow?
(A) To registration office.
(B) To a class reunion.
(C) To their classes.
(D) To a track meet.
第1題：該對(duì)話肯定發(fā)生在學(xué)期初。答案確實(shí)唾手可得。
第2題：既然是講注冊(cè)，那肯定是去registration office。
此外了解對(duì)話內(nèi)容及相關(guān)詞句和美國(guó)的大學(xué)生活對(duì)聽(tīng)力考試也有幫助。
(1)對(duì)話內(nèi)容及相關(guān)詞句
以下是我們總結(jié)的針對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容的詞句，記住這些詞句有助于你對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容和場(chǎng)景的判斷，從而正確地答案。即使你沒(méi)有完全聽(tīng)懂對(duì)話，你也可能根據(jù)判斷得出的對(duì)話場(chǎng)景正確地答題。
1.東西丟了：lost the key，cant found the note
2.剃頭：hardly bald, hairstyle change for not covering the eyes, cut curl hair
3.搭車：pick up the third one at the airline, give me a ride to the office
4.穿衣: a jean and T-shirt for interview is casual, clothes is wet before the concert
5.花需要光：put the flower to the window, the bookcase will prevent the sunlight, need the fresh
6.忘了: slip my mind, forgot to give the note to someone
7.圖書(shū)館： spend the whole day in the library, make the photocopy at library, meet at the library,return the books to the library, library is a better place to study
8.室友: looking for a roommate, roommate should apologize, roommate is too noisy,
9.吃的：fish cant be eat, berry is a bush even for a bird, bread is over toasted, vegetables are over cooked, bread may be in the refrigerator,
10.借東西: lend me calculus book(calculator), borrow the money from check, borrow car for shopping
11.天氣：clean up for picnic, cold enough for skating, snowing too much to fly, so hot that we need an air conditioner,
12.作業(yè)能否完成：wait till the last minute, chemistry test without time for reading, fill out the financial aid form without the priority, paper extended to the next week
13.第三者: have done it for me
14.排隊(duì): magazine to kill the time, read the magazine twice, go early for not queue
15.得病看醫(yī)生： need another doctor, it is open till 10 at the health center, take the pill the doctorassigned,
16.沒(méi)空幫忙: cant give you a ride due to the meeting tomorrow morning,
17.鍛煉減肥: lost weig
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