初中英語單詞的常見錯(cuò)誤用法
單詞是初中生學(xué)習(xí)英語的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，但是有很多常見的單詞都會(huì)被錯(cuò)誤的使用。快來看看小編為你準(zhǔn)備了初中英語一些單詞的常見錯(cuò)誤用法及糾正方法，歡迎大家閱讀!
初中英語單詞的常見錯(cuò)誤用法：D開頭
dead deadly
dead在某些詞組里是"完全"、"的確"的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly則是"致命的"，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease.
dead died
dead是形容詞，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是動(dòng)詞die的過去式及過去分詞，如：She died in 1960.但英語中如表達(dá)出對(duì)某人去世的傷感說法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.
deer
[誤] In the zoo, there are many deers.
[正] In the zoo, there are many deer.
[析] deer是單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞，如：one deer，two deer，這樣的名詞還有fish，sheep等。但如果講There are many fishes here. 這句話應(yīng)譯為"這里有許多種魚類。"而不應(yīng)譯為"這里有很多魚。"
dance
[誤] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.
[正] We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美語中常用ball作為舞會(huì)。)
desk
[誤] The boy sat in his desk.
[正] The boy sat at his desk.
[析] 在課桌旁坐著應(yīng)用介詞at, 而at desk 則應(yīng)譯為"在學(xué)習(xí)"，at table應(yīng)譯為"在吃飯"。
die
[誤] In South Africa many people died from cancer.
[正] In South Africa many people died of cancer.
[誤] The old man died of overwork.
[正] The old man died from overwork.
[析] 死于疾病應(yīng)用die of，而死于某種外因事故則多用from.
[誤] His mother is died.
[正] His mother is dead.
[誤] The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.
[正] The old woman died at the age of seventy.
[析] dead是形容詞，而die是動(dòng)詞。形容詞表示狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞則表示動(dòng)作。
[誤] He died in a traffic accident.
[正] He was killed in a traffic accident.
[析] 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.
[誤] When the doctor came，the old man had already died.
[正] When the doctor came，the old man was already dead.
[正] The old man died before the doctor came.
date
[誤] He studied ten hours a date.
[正] He studied ten hours a day.
[析] date是指具體日期。如問What's the date today 應(yīng)回答具體日期："October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小時(shí))。如What day is today 問的是星期幾，應(yīng)回答"It's Sunday."
[誤] Today's date is January first. 1998.
[正] Today's date is January 1， 1998.
[正] Today's date is January 1st， 1998.
[析] 在日期書寫中不要用序數(shù)詞全寫，而要用1st， 2nd， 3rd……如果一定要用序數(shù)詞，其順序應(yīng)為：It is the first of January.
初中英語單詞的常見錯(cuò)誤用法：N開頭
near
[誤] We came near to hit him.
[正] We came near to hitting him.
[析] 這句話應(yīng)譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.
by near
We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對(duì)的，但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同，by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。
need
[誤] This room needs to clean.
[正] This room needs to be cleaned.
[正] This room needs cleaning.
[析] 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí)，need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài)，如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。
[誤] We need not to do it.
[正] We needn't do it.
[析] need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所以無人稱變化也不加to，而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，如： We need your help.
neither
[誤] None of my parents is a teacher.
[正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.
[析] 對(duì)兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。
[誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.
[正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.
[析] 這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。
[誤] Neither you nor I are right.
[正] Neither you nor I am right.
[析] neither…nor… 這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語一致。
[誤] Neither he studies nor plays.
[正] Neither does he study nor play.
[析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。
never
[誤] Never I have broken my word.
[正] Never have I broken my word.
[析] never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)never mind沒關(guān)系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."
newspaper
[誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.
[正] I read the news in today's newspaper.
[析] 在報(bào)紙上讀到某一條新聞一定要用介詞in，而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報(bào)紙之上，如： May I put the flower on this newspaper?
night
[誤] I came home very late yesterday night.
[正] I came home very late last night.
[析] "昨晚"一般要講last night，而不應(yīng)參照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的說法yesterday morning等套用。
news
[誤] There are many news about the accident.
[正] There is much news about the accident.
[析] news是不可數(shù)名詞，它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如果講一條新聞要用a piece of news.
初中英語單詞的`常見錯(cuò)誤用法：H開頭
had better
[誤] You have better hurry.
[正] You had better hurry.
[析] had better只用過去時(shí)had，不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時(shí)have。
[誤] You hadn't better worry.
[正] You had better not worry.
[析] had better后面加不帶to的不定式，其否定式是"had better not+動(dòng)詞原形"。
half
[誤] I had driven about half mile.
[正] I had driven about half a mile.
[析] "半小時(shí)"有兩種講法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一個(gè)半小時(shí)"應(yīng)講an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"應(yīng)講half a day，"半鎊"應(yīng)講half a pound.但要盡量避免使用half a year，而應(yīng)用six months;不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.
[誤] Half us could go to the park.
[正] Half of us could go to the park.
[析] "half of+名詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后面的名詞相一致，如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞;而復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面要加與復(fù)數(shù)相對(duì)應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞。
hand
[誤] He shook hand with his teacher.
[正] He shook hands with his teacher.
[析] 與某人握手要用shake hands. 與hand有關(guān)的詞組中有很多要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：change hands (轉(zhuǎn)手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands (與人合作)。
happen
[誤] What was happened to you last month
[正] What happened to you last month
[誤] An accident was happened in this street last night.
[正] An accident happened in this street last night.
[析] 在英語中不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)，作為"發(fā)生"講的happen，take place和break out都不具有被動(dòng)態(tài)。happen to常用來表達(dá)一件偶然發(fā)生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.
hard
[誤] I have to study hardly.
[正] I have to study hard.
[析] hard是形容詞，如：a hard work，但它同時(shí)也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式，但詞意截然不同，意為"幾乎不"。
[誤] I had my leg broken last term， so I couldn't hardly study at all.
[正] I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.
[析] hardly意為"否定"，所以不要再加否定詞語了，如果hardly用于句首則應(yīng)采用倒裝語序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
have
[誤] I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.
[正] I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.
[析] 用have somebody do something還是doing something要取決句子的意思和句中的時(shí)間狀語。
[誤] I have my bike to repair.
[正] I have my bike repaired.
[析] have something done這一句型是讓某事被別人去作，請(qǐng)看下面兩句意義的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行車。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)
[誤] Could you give me some money if you have.
[正] Could you give me some money if you have any.
[析] "如果你有的話"一句譯為英文應(yīng)加上any一詞，如：I want some books if there is any.
headache
[誤] I've got headache.
[正] I've got a headache.
[析] Headache是一個(gè)規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞，所以可以講：My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomacheache等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。
hear
[誤] He was heard sing in the next room.
[正] He was heard to sing in the next room.
[析] hear somebody do something這一句式用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hear somebody doing something這一句式中則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述問題。如，主動(dòng)態(tài)：I heard her singing in the next room. 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)時(shí)為：She was heard singing in the next room. 這種用法還適用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。
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