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如何在英語寫作中得高分

時(shí)間:2021-06-19 18:02:32 寫作 我要投稿

如何在英語寫作中得高分

  以前,英語作文評(píng)分的依據(jù)是根據(jù)要點(diǎn)和語言準(zhǔn)確度而定。但是實(shí)行的高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),語言的多樣性、連貫性和得體性, 鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生嘗試語言表達(dá)的多樣化和復(fù)雜化。因此要寫成一篇較有水準(zhǔn)的英語作文,除了要點(diǎn)和語言準(zhǔn)確度以外,還必須在語用、語法結(jié)構(gòu)以及表達(dá)的多樣性和靈活性上有所表現(xiàn)。句子單一、缺乏生氣的文章,哪怕沒有任何錯(cuò)誤也不可能得高分,相反,“有些許錯(cuò)誤,但是為了使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致”,給分檔次仍在最高檔(21—25分)。

如何在英語寫作中得高分

  那么,英語作文如何才能得高分呢?以下幾種手段是增加句子復(fù)雜性的常見方法,也是得高分的“亮點(diǎn)”。

  1. 改變句子的開頭方式,不是一味地都是主語開頭,接著是謂語、賓語,最后再加一個(gè)狀語?梢园褷钫Z置于句首,或用分詞作狀語等。試比較:

 。ㄔ模 My brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle the other day.

 。ㄐ拚 The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.

  (原文) The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news.

 。ㄐ拚 Hearing the bad news, the young man couldn’t help crying.

  2. 在整篇文章中,避免只使用一兩個(gè)句式,要靈活運(yùn)用諸如強(qiáng)調(diào)句、主從復(fù)合句、分詞短語、倒裝句、省略句等。例如:

 。1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句

 。ㄔ模 The dog has saved my little sister bravely.

 。ㄐ拚 It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely.

 。2)主從復(fù)合句

 。ㄔ模 We had to stand there to catch the offender.

  (修正) What we had to do was to stand there, trying to catch the offender.

 。3)分詞短語、由with或without引導(dǎo)的.短語

 。ㄔ模 The driver escaped and didn’t stop, he left the old man lying on the road.

 。ㄐ拚 The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road.

 。4)倒裝句

 。ㄔ模 I went to bed at 11:30.

 。ㄐ拚 Not until 11:30 did I go to bed.

  (5)省略句

 。ㄔ模 While you are crossing the street, you should be careful.

 。ㄐ拚 While crossing the street, you should be careful.

  3. 通過分句和合句,增強(qiáng)句子的連貫性和表現(xiàn)力。例如:

  (原文) He stopped us an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.

 。ㄐ拚 He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.

 。ㄔ模 We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced.

 。ㄐ拚 After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing.

  4. 注意連接詞與句子的運(yùn)用。

  以2001年高考作文為例,在信的開頭,可加上“You want to know something about what is going on in schools in China?”這句話起承上啟下的作用,使文章過渡自然;再如,用“What was worse?”引出減負(fù)前,晚上還要做作業(yè),就寢時(shí)間11:30等要點(diǎn)。又如,“Now I have more free time…” 可引出減負(fù)后的情況。另外,在信的結(jié)尾,可用“How about you? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.”來自然地結(jié)束這封信。

  5. 使用過渡詞語。

  寫好了每個(gè)句子,并不一定就是一篇好文章,因?yàn)樽鳛橐黄恼,還必須行文連貫。那么,如何使文章行文連貫?zāi)?這就要求我們?cè)诮M成篇章時(shí),要用好過渡性詞語,過渡性詞語就像是我們組裝機(jī)械時(shí)使用的潤滑劑一樣,起著潤滑的作用。常用的過渡詞語主要有:

  并列遞進(jìn):and, also, as well as, besides, what’s more, furthermore, moreover, etc.

  轉(zhuǎn)折:but, yet, however, although, nevertheless, in spite of, after all, etc.

  因果:because, as, for, since, for this reason, because of, so, therefore, thus, as a result, etc.

  對(duì)比:or, otherwise, like, unlike, on the contrary, while, on the other hand, instead of, etc.

  總結(jié):in all, in brief, on the whole, in short, in general, in one word, etc.

  總之,要使文章的層次高,可讀性強(qiáng),考生應(yīng)增加些較高級(jí)的詞匯與復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu),并運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞和復(fù)合句,只有這樣,才能在考試中取得理想的成績(jī)。

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