非限制性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯方法
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和它的先行詞之間只有比較松散的關(guān)系，對(duì)先行詞不起限定的作用。就其意義來(lái)說(shuō)，在句中有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句。翻譯此類句子，一般可采用以下方法:
一、譯成獨(dú)立句
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句較少譯成帶的的定語(yǔ)詞組。在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)可以將從句與主句分譯，獨(dú)立成句。
Attending services at the Cathedral of Pisa, he found himself watching a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in small ones.
分析:定語(yǔ)從句被翻譯為后置的并列分句，用人稱代詞它代替先行詞吊架燈。
參考譯文:一次在比薩大教堂做禮拜時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正看著一個(gè)吊燈架，它隨著氣流時(shí)而劃一個(gè)大弧，時(shí)而劃一個(gè)小弧。
二、斷開法
我們同樣可以用括號(hào)或破折號(hào)將非限制性從句和主句斷開。
All commercial communication satellites, which began to be launched in1965, are now designed for use in geosynchronous orbits(地球同步軌道)。
參考譯文:所有商業(yè)性通訊衛(wèi)星(1965年開始發(fā)射)現(xiàn)在都設(shè)計(jì)用于地球同步軌道。
三、翻譯成有狀語(yǔ)職能的句子
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在語(yǔ)義上有時(shí)起狀語(yǔ)分句的作用，表示原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等意義。因此可將此類從句譯為相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)分句。
Rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion.
分析:在語(yǔ)義上，定語(yǔ)從句與主句的.關(guān)系為因果關(guān)系，因此我們將定語(yǔ)從句譯成原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
參考譯文:火箭在太空中運(yùn)行最佳，因?yàn)樵谀莾翰淮嬖谧璧K他們運(yùn)動(dòng)的大氣。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句專題練習(xí)
一、單句改錯(cuò)。
1. When people talk aboutHangzhou, the first comes to mind is theWestLake.
2. In the distance there is a hill, on the top of it stands a white temple.
3. I have never been toDalianwhich is said to be an attractive city.
4. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for
plants to grow.
5. In an open boat, the four men, one of them was a doctor, met with a storm on the sea.
二、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。
1. I,________ is your good friend, will of course try my best to help ________you out.
2. He reached London in 1996,________ , some time later, he became a famous actor.
3. Mr Green will come to the party on Sunday, ________he promisedto every one of us.
4. The professor has two sons, both of ________ are teaching in thesame university.
5. The film brought the hours back to me ________I was taken goodcare of in that far away village.
三、把下列漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)。
1. 湯姆努力學(xué)習(xí)并樂(lè)于助人，這正是他父母所期盼的。
2. 他們將乘飛機(jī)去昆明，在那里他們將呆兩三天。
3. 老人有兩個(gè)女兒，其中一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。
參考答案:
一、 1.在the first后加that。2. it改為which。 3. 在which前加逗號(hào)。 4. that改為which。5. them改為whom。
二、 1. who 2. where 3. which 4. whom 5. when
三、 1. Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, as his parents expect.
2. They will fly toKunming, where they will stay for two or three days.
3. The old man has two daughters, one of whom is a doctor.
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