初中定語(yǔ)從句典型案例
下面是小編收集整理的定語(yǔ)從句的連詞選用和句意理解的經(jīng)典案例，希望對(duì)您有所幫助!如果你覺得不錯(cuò)的話,歡迎分享!
定語(yǔ)從句案例講解:
先行詞是“人”，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)， 連詞用that/who/whom/whose
先行詞是“物”， 在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)， 連詞用that/which/whose
先行詞是“人” 和 “物”， 在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，連詞用that/ whose
先行詞是“物”， 在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，一般需要添加介詞后才能把從句寫完整，連詞用when/where/why
e.g. They work in a factory where/in which radio parts are made.
1. 先行詞：_a factory_
2. 主句：They work in a factory.
3. 從句：radio parts are made in (a factory). (注意: 本句中的“in”是后來(lái)添加的,不是they work in a factory中的 “in”
4. “先行詞+從句”部分的翻譯理解： 無(wú)線電零件被生產(chǎn)的/生產(chǎn)無(wú)線電零件的(那個(gè)工廠) (定語(yǔ)從句 +的 +先行詞)
5. 整句的翻譯理解：他們?cè)谏a(chǎn)無(wú)線電零件的那個(gè)工廠工作。
e.g. The reason why/for which I am late is that my bike broke down on my way here.
1. 先行詞：_the reason_
2. 主句：the reason is that my bike broke down on my way here.
3. 從句：I am late for (the reason)
4. “先行詞+從句”部分的翻譯理解： 我遲到的(那個(gè)原因)
5. 整句的翻譯理解：我遲到的那個(gè)原因是我的自行車在我來(lái)的路上壞了。
注意：判斷主句和從句
1) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1+連詞+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2，連詞后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及相鄰的詞匯是從句
2) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2+連詞/連詞+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2， 與連詞相鄰的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及相鄰的詞匯是從句
3) 看主句，從句，各自的句意完整，并合乎邏輯。
練習(xí)題：The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
e.g. He talked about the teachers and schools that/省略 he had visited.
1. 先行詞：_the teachers and schools_
2. 主句：He talked about the teachers and schools.
3. 從句：he had visited (the teachers and schools)
4. “先行詞+從句”部分的翻譯理解： 他所看過(guò)的(那些老師和學(xué)校)
5. 整句的翻譯理解：他談了他所看過(guò)的那些老師和學(xué)校。
注意：先行詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，連詞that/which/whom可以省略
e.g. She donated some money to the children whose parents died in the earthquake.
1. 先行詞：_the children_
2. 主句：She donated some money to the children.
3. 從句： (the children)’s parents died in the earthquake.
4. “先行詞+從句”部分的.翻譯理解： 父母死于地震中的(那些孩子們)
5. 整句的翻譯理解：她把錢捐給了那些父母死于地震中的那些孩子們。
She donated some money to (the children) whose parents died in the earthquake.
= She donated some money to (the children) the parents of whom died in the earthquake.
= She donated some money to (the children) of whom the parents died in the earthquake.
whose+n=of whom the +n =the +n of whom (適用于先行詞是表示人的名詞)
whose+n=of which the +n=the+n of which (適用于先行詞是表示物的名詞)
注意：限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯必須包括“定語(yǔ)從句 +的 + 先行詞”
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯，從前向后，不需要 “…的…”翻譯.
練習(xí)題：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase whose price was very reasonable.
e.g. I have many friends, of whom some are businessmen.
=I have many friends, some of whom are businessmen.
從句: some of my friends are businessmen.
注意：介詞+which/whom/whose/where中的介詞
1) 找到先行詞
2) 找出含有先行詞的從句
e.g. He made great progress in English learning, which made his parents pleased.
先行詞：He made great progress in English learning.(先行詞是一句話，意指完整的一件事)
連詞：which
用限制性定語(yǔ)從句連接句子
1. 圈出“先行詞”。
2. 根據(jù)兩個(gè)單句的意思確定主從句。
3. 主句的部分或者全部?jī)?nèi)容先出現(xiàn)
e.g. A modern city has been set up in the place. The place was a wasteland ten years ago.
先行詞：the place
根據(jù)句意，兩個(gè)句子都可以做主句和從句，因此有兩種答案
A modern city has been set up in the place which was a wasteland ten years ago.
一座現(xiàn)代化的城市已經(jīng)建在了十年前還是廢墟的地方。
The place where/in which a modern city has been set up was a wasteland ten years ago. 一座現(xiàn)代化城市被建設(shè)的那個(gè)地方十年前是一片廢墟。
e.g. Working conditions are difficult in the place. I’d like to go there.
先行詞：the place (there是指the place)
根據(jù)句意，I’d like to go there.是主句，working conditions are difficult in the place.是從句
I’d like to go where working conditions are difficult.
我想去工作條件艱苦的地方
Working conditions are difficult in the place where I’d like to go. (wrong)
工作條件很艱苦是在我想去的地方或工作條件在我想去的地方很艱苦。(句意不合乎邏輯)
定語(yǔ)從句用that不用which的情況
1) 先行詞前被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)
2) 先行詞是不定代詞everything, anything等
3) 先行詞被all, the very, the only, the first, the last, the right,修飾時(shí)
4) 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)
定語(yǔ)從句用who不用that的情況
先行詞是anyone, those, everyone, he時(shí)
定語(yǔ)從句省略連詞的情況
1.)先行詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)
2.)the way (that/in which)+定語(yǔ)從句，連詞可以省略
定語(yǔ)從句中的習(xí)慣搭配
介詞+連詞時(shí)，連詞不能是that/who
when=prep +which where=prep +which why= for + which
the way (that/in which) +從句 ….的方式
a case/point/stage/situation/occasion where +從句 ….的情況/階段/時(shí)期
as we all know, as is known to us all, (as一般用于句首)
e.g. I don’t appreciate the way (that/in which) he talked to his mother.
定語(yǔ)從句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：(語(yǔ)法填空，短文改錯(cuò)，完形填空)
注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)逗號(hào)和句號(hào)
1. I have many friends, most of whom are fromChina.
2. I have many friends. Most of them are fromChina.
3. We visited the kids, whose parents died in the accident.
4. We visited the kids. Their parents died in the accident.
注意that/which/where的區(qū)別，一看標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，二看先行詞在從句中的句子成分(主，賓還是狀)
1. He gave us some advice, that did good to us.(wrong)
2. He gave us some advice, which did good to us.(right)
3. We visited the school, which we had many good memories.(wrong)
4. We visited the school, where we had many good memories(right).
注意先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，連詞后從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與先行詞保持一致的問(wèn)題
1. Those who wants to succeed have to work hard.(wrong)
2. Those who want to succeed have to work hard.(right)
注意介詞后不能使用連詞that/who
1. The person to who you spoke is Lee (wrong)
2. The person to whom you spoke is Lee(right)
注意短文改錯(cuò)中常常需要添加連詞的情況
1. A stone was put up over the place he was buried.(wrong)
2. A stone was put up over the place where he was buried. (Right)
注意定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞，連詞和從句中代詞it, them, he, him, there等重復(fù)的情況,一般需要?jiǎng)h掉從句中的代詞it, them, he, him, there
1. Please pass me the book (that/which) I have been looking for it. (wrong)
2. Please pass me the book (that/which) I have been looking for. (right)
3. We are going to visit the factory where our best friend works there. (wrong)
4. We are going to visit the factory where our best friend works. (right)
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思寫出含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子
明天我會(huì)把你要的那本雜志帶來(lái)的。
第一步：找出 “定語(yǔ)(的)+名詞”，其中的名詞 magazine即為“先行詞”
“定語(yǔ)(的)+名詞” 即為 “定語(yǔ)從句”
你要(的)那本雜志 you ask for the magazine
第二步：根據(jù) “名詞/先行詞”在從句中的句子成分來(lái)確定連詞,并把名詞/先行詞提前-----那本雜志你要的 the magazine (that/which/省略)you ask for
第三步：翻譯出全句 Tomorrow I will bring the magazine (that/which) you ask for.
翻譯成英語(yǔ)=名詞+定語(yǔ)從句
練習(xí)題: 老師講解的這部分知識(shí)太難理解了.
1. “定語(yǔ)(的)+名詞” : 老師講解的這部分知識(shí).
2. 名詞/先行詞: the knowledge
3. “定語(yǔ)(的)+名詞” 即為 “定語(yǔ)從句” ; the teacher explained the knowledge
4. The knowledge (that/which) the teacher explained
5. The knowledge (that/which) the teacher explained is difficult to understand.
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