高中定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)題
定語(yǔ)從句在歷年的高考英語(yǔ)中,無(wú)論是在全國(guó)卷還是地方卷,定語(yǔ)從句幾乎年年都有，下面是小編為大家收集整理的高中定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)題相關(guān)內(nèi)容，歡迎閱讀。
高中定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)題
■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was B. itwas
C. which were D. themwere
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而在該從句中，主語(yǔ)是 high mountains，around which 是表語(yǔ)，所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。請(qǐng)做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around_______ some fruit shops.
A. which is B. it is
C. which are D.them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside______ the city police station.
A. which are B.it is
C. which is D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to_______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are B.it is
C. which is D.them are
■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospitalaround ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語(yǔ)。
【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的'附近可以買(mǎi)藥治我的手傷？這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？
■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth onceevery month.
A. It B.As
C. That D.What
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travelsround the earth once every month.
A. It B. As
C. That D. What
此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的 that從句。
再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選 B，第(2)題選 D：
(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B.As
C. That D. It
(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of thestudents in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As
C. That D. It
■ David is such a good boy _______ all theteachers like.
A.that B.who
C.as D.whom
【易錯(cuò)】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such … that …句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。
【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch… that … (如此……以至……)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的動(dòng)詞 like 缺賓語(yǔ)。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞 like的賓語(yǔ)，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn)，假若選A，能否將其后的 that視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因?yàn)?like 后有自己的賓語(yǔ) him：
David is such a good boy_______ all the teachers like him.
A. that B.who
C. as D.whom
請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}（答案選D）：
It was not such a gooddinner _______ she had promised us.
A. like B.that
C. which D.as
■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by anangry crowd.
A. that B.it
C. them D.which
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 the buses。類似地，以下各題也選D：
(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is nowworth $50, 000.
A. that B.it
C. them D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll bedriving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. that B.it
C. them D. which
(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I satreading the paper.
A. that B. it
C. them D. which
類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：
(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays,was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him
C. them D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will comeback home this summer.
A. that B. who
C. them D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ werestill university students.
A. that B. who
C. them D.whom
■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great successin their own field.
A. whom B.them
C. which D. who
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 B，用 them 代指students。
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success intheir own field 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。假若在manyof… 的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A)：
(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ waseasy to answer.
A. which B.them
C. what D. that
(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______was easy to answer.
A. them B.which
C. what D. that
(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neitherof _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom B.them
C. which D.who
(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, andneither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them B. whom
C. which D. who
■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to hiswedding.
A. whom B. them
C. which D. who
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在invited 前加上助動(dòng)詞 were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，答案便應(yīng)選A。比較：
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what D. that
答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過(guò)去分詞。
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what D.that
答案選A，none of them were carried out in theirwork 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞were。
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting,but none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them
C. what D. that
答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句
On Sundays therewere a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated togetherjoking.
A. their B.whose
C. which D.that
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似，their parents seated togetherjoking 不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞seated 不是謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，因?yàn)?seat作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題：
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D.that
選B。whose parents were seated togetherjoking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語(yǔ) wereseated。
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D.that
選A。因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and，整個(gè)句子為并列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D. that
選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D. that
選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) sat。
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playingin the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose
C. which D.that
選B。whose parents were sitting togetherjoking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) weresitting。
■ If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows howshallow he is.
A. as B.which
C. what D.that
【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語(yǔ)。
延伸閱讀：定語(yǔ)從句答題技巧
1.正確識(shí)別定語(yǔ)從句及其先行詞；
2.識(shí)別定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系；
3.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及隱含的時(shí)間判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式。
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