高三定語從句講解

　　高三定語從句講解

　　1.定語從句的前面都有先行詞（被修飾語）

　　2.定語從句應(yīng)緊跟在先行詞之后

　　3.先行詞與定語從句之間要有關(guān)系詞（有時可省略）

　　4.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)某一成分

　　The skirt _____ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.

　　A what B / C that D it

　　I love people _____ are friendly to others.

　　A which B whose C what D who

　　Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.

　　A what B who C whom D which

　　That is the school ____ last year.

　　A which I studied B at which I studied

　　C where I studied at D in where I studied

　　This was the place _____ last year.

　　A which I visited B where I visited

　　C when I visited D in which I visited

　　注：從句的謂語動詞 Lee is one of the students who are working very hard.

　　He led us to a place where we have never been before.

　　用that不用which的一些特殊情況

　　1) 先行詞為all, much, little, something, anything, everything, nothing等

　　Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

　　You should hand in all that you have.

　　2) 先行詞前有形容詞最高級修飾和序數(shù)詞修飾

　　This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.

　　The first step (that) we are to take is very difficult.

　　3) 先行詞被the only, the very(恰恰，正好)等限定詞修飾時。

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

　　This is the very dictionary that is of great help.

　　4) 先行詞既指人又指物時，用that 不用which，也不用who/whom

　　He talked about the people and the books that interested him.

　　My father and mother talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.

　　限制與非限制

　　Boys who attend this school have to wear uniforms.

　　Those who want to go please sign their names here.

　　He has two sisters, who are working in the city.

　　The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.

　　句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

　　That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.

　　That is his father, ______ works in Shanghai.

　　I like the boy, who is very lovely.

　　I like the boy, _____ is very lovely.

　　He told me a story yesterday, and I think it is very interesting.

　　He told me a story yesterday, _____ I think is very interesting.

　　介詞+關(guān)系代詞

　　1. In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. (在樹上一般用介詞in)

　　2. The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen( pay 與for搭配)

　　3. Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now?

　　(talk 究竟接to, with還是接about, 這該由動詞及現(xiàn)行詞決定)

　　注：She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma.

　　就不能寫成：

　　She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma.

　　因為，look after 是不可分開的固定短語。

　　改錯：

　　This is the longest train which I have ever seen.

　　The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.

　　They talked for about an hour of things and persons who they remembered in the school. I don't like the way which you speak to her.

　　1.定語從句要避免成分重復(fù)

　　2定語從句要避免漏用先行詞

　　3含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開

　　as與which的區(qū)別

　　which 引導(dǎo)的`非限制性定語從句只能位于主句后，但as引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句前、中、后。

　　1. I live a long way from work, as [which] you know.

　　As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　as在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語通常要有be或別的系動詞，但which不受此限制。如：

　　2. As might be expected, John was admitted to the university.

　　as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句通常表示一個眾所周知或意料之中的事，但 which 不受此限制。如： He married her, which was unexpected. (不可用as)

　　as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與主句之間關(guān)系密切，as 本身意含“正如”或“就像”之意。而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與主句之間在邏輯意義上近似于并列關(guān)系，

　　3. as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(這是常有的事)，as was expected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣)，as is known to all / as is well known / as we all know (眾所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。

　　It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.

　　A. that B. which C. as D. it

　　Such…..that/such….asSuch…that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與such…as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別：

　　His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.

　　His plan was such a good one that we all agreed to accept it,

　　1. I don't like such books ____ he recommended.

　　A. as B. that C. so D. after which

　　2. Mr. Smith is _________ a good teacher _________ we all respect him.

　　A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as

　　3. Such a book ___ you lent me is too difficult to understand.

　　A. that B. which C. as D. like

　　of whom / which引導(dǎo)的定語

　　在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞作為一個整體，表示整體中的一部分，即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時，用of which / whom。表示部分的可以是具體數(shù)目或百分數(shù)，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, the majority等。

　　The buses, were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. Our school has 80 teachers, 50 are women.

　　one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+復(fù)數(shù)形式動詞

　　The Great Wall is one of the world –famous buildings that draw lots of visitors.

　　Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood. the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+單數(shù)形式動詞

　　The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon. Titanic is the only one of those wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood. Tom isn’t the only one of the boys who have passed the exam.=Tom is one of the boys who have passed the exam.

　　He is one of the students who _____(have)passed the exam.

　　He is the only one of the students who______(have) passed the exam.

　　He is not the only one of the students who _____(have)passed the exam.

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