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名詞定語從句
I don't know where the sound came from.我不知道聲音是從哪里來的.以下是小編為大家整理分享的名詞定語從句,歡迎閱讀參考。
名詞定語從句
名詞性從句包括賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,主語從句.定語從句不屬于名詞性從句.
名詞性從句包括:主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句,多由連詞that,wh-疑問詞或由what,whatever等關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo).
1.主語從句
1)主語從句在句子中充當(dāng)主語,句子的謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù).如:
What is happening outside does not concern us.外面發(fā)生的事與我們無關(guān).
2)主語從句前的that不能省略,僅起連接作用,有時(shí)為了保持句子平衡,that從句后置,而由it作形式主語.如:
It is estimated that a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year.據(jù)估計(jì),飛到火星來回的時(shí)間要超過一年.
2.賓語從句在句子中充當(dāng)賓語.如:
I don't know where the sound came from.我不知道聲音是從哪里來的.
Don't be satisfied with what you have achieved.不要滿足于你已取得的成績(jī).
3.當(dāng)從句放在系動(dòng)詞be,look,remain,seem等后,即構(gòu)成表語從句.如:
The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻煩的是我弄丟了他的地址.
It seems that as if it is going to snow.看起來天要下雪了.
4.同位語從句
1)同位語從句是對(duì)與之同位的名詞中心詞作進(jìn)一步解釋.能接同位語從句的常見名詞有:idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, certainty, likelihood, on condition that, on the ground, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the pretence等.
The news that he has passed the examination is exciting.他通過考試的消息令人振奮.
I lent her the book on condition that she would return it before Sunday.我把書借給了她,條件是她在星期天之前還給我.
2)同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別在于:定語從句是對(duì)先行詞加以修飾、限制,而同位語從句是為了說明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容;that在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分,為關(guān)系代詞,而在同位語從句中不作任何成分,僅起連詞作用.如:
The fact that we talked about is very important.我們討論的.情況非常重要.(定語從句)
The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他實(shí)驗(yàn)成功的事實(shí)使每個(gè)人都很高興.(同位語從句)
5. whether與if在名詞性從句中的區(qū)別.
if一般只用于引導(dǎo)賓語從句,而whether可引導(dǎo)包括賓語從句在內(nèi)的其他名詞性從句.
1)連詞whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句、表語從句不能用if來替換.
Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.他是否來參加會(huì)議并不確定.
2)賓語從句中,whether常與or not搭配,可以說whether or not,而不說if or not.
I don't care whether or not she will attend the meeting.她是否來參加會(huì)議,我不介意.
3)whether可用在介詞后,或不定式前,if則不可.
She doesn't know whether to get married now or wait.她不知道是現(xiàn)在結(jié)婚呢還是等等.
4)在某些動(dòng)詞后面(如discuss)只能用whether,不用if.
We discussed whether we should go on climbing.我們討論了是否繼續(xù)攀登.
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