關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句,關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。下面是小編分享給大家的關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，希望對大家有幫助。
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙，英語語法《關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句》。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語）
定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法
1.who指人,在從句中做主語
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2.whom指人,在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語,�？墒÷�.
(1) Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替,可省略.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3.which指物,在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4.that指人時,相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時,相當(dāng)于which.在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略.
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物時,常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時,從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用,如：look for,look after,take care of等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)
2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前,關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom,不可用who或者that；指物時用which,不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)
(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)
3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞
(1) He loved his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples,some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all,most of whom are from big cities.
3．關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.when指時間,在定語從句中做時間狀語
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2.where指地點,在定語從句中做地點狀語
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3.why指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句2
1）when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于 "介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎
2）that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的'名詞后取代when, where, why和 "介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
【 關(guān)系副詞VS關(guān)系代詞】
先來看一看關(guān)系副詞和我們熟知的關(guān)系代詞有什么關(guān)聯(lián)。
以where為例，首先問大家一個問題，where是什么意思呢？“哪兒！”你肯定會毫不猶豫的給出這個答案，然后躲到電腦后，偷笑栗子問的問題太弱。其實不然。
我們換個問題“Where are you?”翻譯成中文是“你哪兒？”還是“你在哪兒？”我想這次應(yīng)該大家會毫不猶豫的選后者吧！沒錯，where確切翻譯應(yīng)該是“在哪兒”，所以見到“Where did Tom live?”時，我們的答案是“Tom lived in Beijing.”而非“Tom lived Beijing.”
接下來回到正題，我們通過以下的等式替換來看看關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的關(guān)系吧。首先有兩個簡單句：
We visited the city center. Tom lived in the city center.
針對這兩個簡單句我們做兩個設(shè)計：
1）把他們合并成一個由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，不難得出是：We visited the city center in which Tom lived.
定語從句中which指代的正是city center，即which=the city center.
2）再針對第二個簡單句提一個問題：
Where did Tom live?
因為where是“在哪兒”所以它對應(yīng)的答案是“in the city”而非“the city”，即where=in the city
綜合以上兩點which=the city center，where= in the city center，顯而易見where=in which，也就是說，關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞。所以該定語從句可以換種寫法就是：We visited the city where Tom lived.因為where在定語從句中指代是地點狀語，所以屬于關(guān)系副詞。相應(yīng)的when指代時間狀語、why指代原因狀語。
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句3
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which" 結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時，可以省略。
(1) Behind one door was a hungry tiger (that/which) the guards had put there.
(2) The tiger would immediately jump upon the poor man (whom/who) the guards had brought to the arena.
whose只用作定語,可以用來指人或物; 若指物，它還可以同of which互換, 例如：
(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句4
When引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句是對先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，在語法上就是一個定語。
例句1：Thereare occasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
例句2：Iwillneverforgetthedayswhen(inwhich)wesharedalltherosesandthorns.
我永遠(yuǎn)都不會忘記我們在一起同甘共苦的日子。
關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句
When引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，在語法上其實相當(dāng)于補(bǔ)語。
正是在中秋節(jié)這個家人團(tuán)圓的日子，我卻獨自離開家鄉(xiāng)去了一個陌生的城市。
注釋：when在這里引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)狀語，這里也可以用onwhich代替。
關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語從句時的模糊化
在when引導(dǎo)定語從句時，大多數(shù)時候定語從句的先行詞都是比較明顯的時間詞，比如：time,year,month等。但是，有一些抽象的先行詞具有模糊時間概念的，比如：stay,visit,occasion,interval,moment,span,age等。此時，如果定語從句需要用關(guān)系副詞連接，同樣也用when。
例句1：IwillbrandmygoldenstayinParisonmyheartwhenIledahappyandfruitfullife.我會將我在巴黎那段幸福而有收獲的日子銘記于心。
注釋：此時先行詞stay就是一個具有模糊時間概念的先行詞，when在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，相當(dāng)于duringwhich。
例句2：Attheagewhenotherpeopleretire,Francisbeganthegreatestcauseinhislife.在一個別人退休的年齡，弗朗西斯開始了他一生中最偉大的事業(yè)。
注釋：此時age是一個具有模糊概念的先行詞，when在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，相當(dāng)于inwhich）
通過上述分析我們可以了解到when引導(dǎo)的定語從句在高考中�？嫉膬�(nèi)容就是先行詞的模糊化，也是難度相對較大的考察方向。所以，小編建議大家在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中對于這些較模糊的先行詞要多積累，多運(yùn)用，以留下深刻的映像并形成習(xí)慣。
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