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由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

時(shí)間:2022-11-21 18:25:31 英語(yǔ) 我要投稿

由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

  英語(yǔ),最早被中世紀(jì)的英國(guó)使用,并因其廣闊的殖民地而成為世界使用面積最廣的語(yǔ)言。下面是小編為大家整理的由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,歡迎閱讀與收藏。

  when 可以引導(dǎo)很多從句:

  1.賓語(yǔ)從句:例如 I don`t know when he left here.我不知道他上面時(shí)候離開(kāi)的.此時(shí)when作連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句.

  2.定語(yǔ)從句:例如 He left his hometown in that year when his father died.他在他父親死的那一年離開(kāi)了他的家鄉(xiāng).此時(shí)when作連詞修飾that year,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.

  3.狀語(yǔ)從句:例如 He will go to the doctor`s when it is sunny.當(dāng)天晴時(shí),他就會(huì)去看醫(yī)生.此時(shí)when引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ),意思是“當(dāng)...時(shí)候”.

  4.主語(yǔ)從句:例如When he left here is a question.他上面時(shí)候離開(kāi)這兒的還沒(méi)有人知道.此時(shí)when引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,意思是“什么時(shí)候”

  附:由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

  1. 由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句主要用于正式文體,在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。如:this is the man to whom i referred. 我指的就是這個(gè)人。this is the man (whom) i referred to. 我指的就是這個(gè)人。

  2. 直接用于介詞后作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞which不能換成that,直接用于介詞后作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞whom不能換成who。但若介詞用于句末,則用作賓語(yǔ)的which, whom也可換成that, who,或者省略不同。如:這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問(wèn)題。this is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能換成that,也不能省略)this is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問(wèn)題。(which可以換成that,也可以省略)

  3. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why根據(jù)情況有時(shí)可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”。如: that is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。that is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住過(guò)的房子。that is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必須道歉的原因。

  4. 在很正式的文體中,“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可緊縮成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:在那兒孩子們有個(gè)玩耍的花園。正:there the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正:there the children had a garden in which they could play. (較正式)正:there the children had a garden to play in. (較口語(yǔ)化)注:這類(lèi)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞++不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒(méi)有,也不能放在句末。如不能說(shuō)there the children had a garden which to play in.

  定語(yǔ)從句that

  that常用作關(guān)系代詞,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物時(shí)有的時(shí)候可用which替換that,指人時(shí)可用who替換。但在下列情況下,一般用that。

  一、that指代某物事時(shí)

  1.先行詞為all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)。如:

  (1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

  我們將盡我們的最大努力來(lái)保護(hù)那些瀕危的動(dòng)植物。

  (2) There is much that I wan to tell you.

  我有很多想要告訴你的話。

  (3) Is there anything that I can do for you?

  有什么我可以幫你的嗎?

  2. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定詞修飾時(shí)。如:

  (4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.

  在我們圖書(shū)館,你可以借任何你想讀的書(shū)。

  3. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如:

 。5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.

  這是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最漂亮的城市。

  4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修飾時(shí)。如:

  (6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.

  這恰好是他們?nèi)ツ陞⒂^的那個(gè)工廠。

  (7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.

  這種風(fēng)格的畫(huà)我們僅有一幅。

  5. 先行詞是并列結(jié)構(gòu),既有人又有物時(shí)。如:

 。8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.

  6. 先行詞前有the same 修飾,表示和先行詞是同一物時(shí)。如:

 。9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.

  這就是我昨天丟的那個(gè)錢(qián)夾。

  注:如果表示的.是與先行詞同一類(lèi)或相似的某物,則用the same…as….如:

 。10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

  這個(gè)錢(qián)夾和我昨天丟的那個(gè)一樣。

  7. 先行詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。

 。11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.

  瞧書(shū)架上那些書(shū)。你可以看到我過(guò)生日時(shí)你買(mǎi)的那兩本。

  8. 如果which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中又含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,為避免重復(fù),第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句用that。如:

  (12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.

  他們建了一工廠,生產(chǎn)以前從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的東西。

  9. 以which作主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句,為了避免重復(fù),定語(yǔ)從句用that。如。

 。13)Which is the bus that you will take?

  你要乘的是哪一班車(chē)?

  10. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí),而且通常省略。如:

 。14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.

  我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不是以前那個(gè)樣子了。

  11. 關(guān)系代詞在there be 句型中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),而且?梢允÷。如:

 。15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

  這是有史以來(lái)最快的列車(chē)。

  二、that 指代某人時(shí)。

  1. 泛指某人時(shí)。如:

 。16)He is a man that is never at a loss.

  他是一個(gè)從未一籌莫展的人。

  2. 主句是以作主語(yǔ)的who開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。如:

  (17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?

  和我們校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)話的那人是誰(shuí)?

  3. 先行詞前有the same時(shí)。如:

  (18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.

  這和去年給我們作報(bào)告的是同一人。

  4. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。如:

 。19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.

  他變了。他再也不是10年前的他了。

  另外,that也可用作關(guān)系副詞,表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式,在口語(yǔ)中可以用來(lái)代替when, where, why 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。在以下名詞day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行詞時(shí),可用that作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如:

 。20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.

  我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。

 。21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?

  這就是他們開(kāi)會(huì)遲到的原因嗎?

  (22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.

  我們想找一個(gè)我們能野餐的地方。

 。23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.

  這是我第一次到國(guó)外去旅游。

  (注:先行詞是time,前面有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句或者省略。)

  當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的詞the way時(shí),可用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, that?梢允÷浴

 。24)I don't the way you speak to her.

  我不喜歡你和她說(shuō)話那種方式。

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