定語從句的語法填空
一、定語的概念：
定語是用來修飾名詞或代詞的。比如：
(先試試用橫線劃出下面短語中的定語，然后在后面的括號(hào)里注明是什么在作定語) a beautiful girl ( )
Jim’s father ( )
three boys ( )
a shoe factory ( )
our teacher ( ) the man in the car ( )
the man who is talking with Sam ( )
分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。 You needn’t talk to the people who you don’t like talking to. 分析：關(guān)系詞______在從句中作________。 2.whom 指人，在定語從句中做賓語，常可省略。
分析：關(guān)系詞_____ 在從句中作________。 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。 你正在等的教授已經(jīng)來了。 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
注意：關(guān)系代詞whom 在口語或非正式文體中�？捎脀ho 來代替，也可省略。 3. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。
分析：關(guān)系詞____在從句中作________ 譯成漢語：_________________________________ 分析：關(guān)系詞_________ 在從句中作________。
分析：關(guān)系詞_________ 在從句中作________。 We live in a house whose windows face the south. 譯成漢語:_________________________
the man standing at the door ( )
二、定語從句的概念及主要特征：
1.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞;定語從句
一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后;引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 請(qǐng)劃出下列句子中的定語從句、先行詞及關(guān)系代詞： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2. 定語從句的主要特征：
(1)先行詞要在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分; (2)what永遠(yuǎn)不能引導(dǎo)定語從句;
(3)翻譯時(shí)先譯從句，翻譯成“…….的”
三、定語從句的`基本用法：
定語從句
的引導(dǎo)詞
關(guān)系代詞
注意：指物時(shí)，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：
=will soon be repaired.
自己總結(jié)一下：在定語從句中，whose + 名詞= ___________________________
4.which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時(shí)�？墒÷�。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
where (地點(diǎn)狀語)
關(guān)系副詞
when (時(shí)間狀語)why (原因狀語)
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 分析：關(guān)系詞______在從句中作________。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 譯成漢語:____________________ 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。 譯成漢語：___________________________ 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
他們昨晚看的電影一點(diǎn)意思也沒有。分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
5.that 引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，既可以指人，也可以指物。指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who 或whom;指物時(shí)，相
(一)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.who 指人，在定語從句中作主語，有時(shí)也作賓語。
分析：關(guān)系詞who 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
分析：關(guān)系詞_________在從句中作________。
當(dāng)于which.。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時(shí)常可省略。
每年來參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬。分析：關(guān)系詞________ 在從句中作________。
分析：關(guān)系詞_________ 在從句中作________。 you introduced to me is very kind. comes after spring is summer. (二) 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1. when 指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。常可以用in/on/at which代替。
分析：關(guān)系詞________ 在從句中作________。
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。 Is this the place where they fought against the enemy? 分析：關(guān)系詞_________ 在從句中作________。 注意：當(dāng)先行詞是situation, occasion, point, case時(shí)，且又在從句中作狀語時(shí)，常用where來引導(dǎo)定語從句。Sometimes you will find yourself in a situation where you felt very embarrassed He has reached a point where nobody can compare with him.
3. why 指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。�？捎胒or which來代替。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 分析：關(guān)系詞_________ 在從句中作________。 The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 譯成漢語：____________________
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然記得我第一次來到這所學(xué) I don ’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 譯成漢語：____________________ 校的那一天。
分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
The time when we got together finally arrived. 我們團(tuán)聚的時(shí)刻終于到了。 分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中華人民共和國(guó)成立的日子。
注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)�？梢杂谩敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。如： I will never forget the moment when (=______________) the blind students moved us. Great changes are taking place in the city where (=______________) they live. The reason why (=______________) he refused the invitation is quite clear.
限制性定語從句restrictive
是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切，寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。
把這個(gè)句子改成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：___________________________________________
___________________________________________
分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 把這個(gè)句子改
非限制性定語從句non-restrictive
成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：___________________________________________
___________________________________________
分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。
2. where 指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。�？捎胕n/on/at which代替。 Shanghai is the city where I was born.
把這個(gè)句子改成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：___________________________________________
___________________________________________
分析：關(guān)系詞__________ 在從句中作________。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
has come again.把這個(gè)句子改成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：___________________________________________
___________________________________________
注意：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that，指人時(shí)用who(主語),whom(賓語)，指物時(shí)須用which.四、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
限制性定語從句舉例：
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 譯成漢語：____________________
China is a country which has a long history. 譯成漢語：____________________ In the street I saw a man who was from Africa. 譯成漢語：____________________ 非限制性定語從句舉例 ：
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 譯成漢語：____________________ China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 譯成漢語：____________________
Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year. 譯成漢語：____________________
注意：在非限制性定語從句中，有時(shí)which所指代的先行詞是前面的整個(gè)句子。 Xiao Li came to see me off, which was very kind of her. He didn’t pass the exam, which surprised us.
思考：什么時(shí)候只能which 而不能用that呢?1.在___________中;2.在____________之后。
(二)關(guān)系代詞的省略：
The factory we visited yesterday was really old. (請(qǐng)將省略的關(guān)系代詞補(bǔ)充在正確的位置) The man you just talked to was my English teacher. (請(qǐng)將省略的關(guān)系代詞補(bǔ)充在正確的位置) 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_________時(shí)可以省略。 (三)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。 =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾經(jīng)就讀過的學(xué)校很出名。 =This is the boy________________I played tennis yesterday. 這是我昨天跟他打臺(tái)球的男孩。 We’=We’ll go to hear the famous singer ________________we have often talked. The manager whose =The manager ________________ I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.注意：1. 含有介詞的固定短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動(dòng)詞的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of, give up等。
(正) This is the watch for which I am looking . (誤)
(正) The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (誤)
2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)只可用whom，不可用who, that;關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose。
(正) 你剛才跟他談話的那個(gè)人是我的鄰居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (誤)
(正)我們?nèi)ゼ幽么笏俗娘w機(jī)實(shí)在很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (誤)
3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：
五.定語從句考查重點(diǎn)：
(一)定語從句在下列情況下只能用that，而不能用which指物。(指人時(shí)可以用who/whom) 1. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或者序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如：
2. 當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞everything, anything, nothing ,something, all, none, few, little, some, much等代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)。如：
3. 當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。如：
4. 當(dāng)先行詞是who,或which引導(dǎo)的主句時(shí)。如： 5. 當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。如：
are very kind to him. 他深深地愛著他的父母，他們倆待他都很好。
In the basket there are quite many apples, have gone bad. 籃子里有好些蘋果，有些已經(jīng)壞了。
There are forty students in our class in all, are from big cities. 我們班總共有40個(gè)學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來自大城市。
Up to now, he has written ten stories, are about country life. 迄今為止，他寫了10部小說，其中3部是關(guān)于農(nóng)村生活的。
(四)當(dāng)先行詞被one of修飾時(shí)，若one of前有the only，則從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，沒有only的話則用復(fù)數(shù)。
He is one of the students who ________ never late. 譯成漢語：________________________ He is the only one of the students who ________ never late. 譯成漢語：_________________ (五)先行詞是時(shí)間卻不用when引導(dǎo)，先行詞是地點(diǎn)卻不用where引導(dǎo)，先行詞是原因卻不用why引導(dǎo)。
I will never forget the days ________ we climbed the mountain together. I will never forget the days ________ we spent together. We visited the house _______ Lu Xun used to live. We visited the house _______ Lu Xun used to live in. This is the reason _______ he was unhappy. This is the reason _______ he explained to me.
(六)當(dāng)先行詞被such, the same 修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用as。 如：
I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我從未聽過象他講的這樣的故事。 He is not such a fool as he looks. 他可不象他看上去的那樣傻。
This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 這部詞典跟我上星期丟失的一樣。
注意：當(dāng)先行詞受the same 修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用 that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思有區(qū)別。如：
She wore the same dress ’s wedding. She wore the same dress her younger sister wore.
(七)以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由in which或that引導(dǎo)，而且通�？梢允÷�。如： The way ________he answered the questions was surprising. I don’t like the way______________ you laugh at her. Test yourself:
1. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy.
2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town 3. The gentleman 4. Please take any seat 5. The old man has two sons, (其中一個(gè)是士兵)
6. New York is famous for its sky-scrapers(摩天大樓)，(最高的一座) 7. He has written a book______ name I have forgotten. 8. This is the place ______I spent my childhood.
9. The boy 10. The weather turned out to be very good, 11. Mr. Wang is a boss, 12. I don't like the way 13. I shall never forget the years my life.
14. ’s time. 15. Yesterday we had a meeting ____ we discussed many problems. 16. Such a book 17. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books 18. This is the store 19. I’m going to spend my holiday in Beijing, 20. _______ we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
21. Nick’s guests, _______ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.
22. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ______ lives were affected. 23. Happiness and success often come to those ______ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 24. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ______ I would be staying.
25.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
26. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.
27. Many countries are now setting up national parks _______ animals and plants can be protected. 28. Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two of _______ influenced me greatly. 29. The children, all of _______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
30. He may win the competition, in _______ case he is likely to get into the national team. 31. Finally he reached a lonely island ______was completely cut off from the outside world.
32. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ______made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.
33. There is no simple answer, ______ often the case in science.
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