英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí),謂語說明主語的動作狀態(tài)和特征,賓補對賓語的補充全稱為賓語補足語,定語修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞詞組或句子,英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)。
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
主語(subject)句子說明的人或事物。
Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)
Helikesdancing.(代詞)
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)
Seeingisbelieving.(動名詞)
Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)
Whatheneedsisabook.(主語從句)
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)
謂語(predicate)說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。
WestudyEnglish.
Heisasleep.
表語(predicative)系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.(名詞)
Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代詞)
Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)
Heisasleep.(形容詞)
Hisfatherisin.(副詞)
Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)
Mywatchisgonemissinglost.(形容詞化的分詞)
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)
Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語從句)
(常見的系動詞有be,sound(聽起來),look(看起來),feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來),taste(嘗、吃起來),
remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺)...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.
Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.
Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.
賓語:1)動作的承受者-----動賓
IlikeChina.(名詞)
Hehatesyou.(代詞)
HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(賓語從句)
2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓
AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3)雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)
Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。
Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)
Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名)
Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)
Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語)
Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)
Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過去分詞)
主補:對主語的補充。
Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。
AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)
Heisourfriend.(代詞)
Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)
Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)
TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過去分詞)
Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語從句)
狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。
(以下例句按上述順序排列)
Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.
Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)
簡單句的五個基本句型
主語+不及物動詞Shecame./Myheadaches.
主語+及物動詞+賓語ShelikesEnglish.
主語+系動詞+主語補語Sheishappy.
主語+雙賓動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語ShegaveJohnabook.
Sheboughtabookforme.
主語+賓補動詞+賓語+賓語補語Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
(There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.)
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
1.主語(subject):句子說明的人或事物。(名詞)(代詞)數(shù)詞)(動名詞)(不定式)(主語從句)(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)
(一)指出下列句中主語的中心詞
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
2.謂語(predicate):是對主語加以陳述,表示主語的行為或狀態(tài),常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔(dān)任,放在主語的后面。(二).選出句中謂語的中心詞
①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer
③ http://emrowgh.com uallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon
⑤ http://emrowgh.com insC.haveD.breakfast
3.表語(predicative):系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。(名詞)Seventy-four!Youdon’tlook(代詞)(數(shù)詞)(形容詞)(副詞)(介詞短語)(形容詞化的分詞)(表語從句)
(常見的系動詞有:be,sound(聽起來),look(看起來),feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來),taste(嘗、吃起來),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺)……(三)挑出下列句中的表語
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
4.賓語:1)動賓表示行為的對象,常由名詞或者代詞擔(dān)任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。如:(名詞)(代詞)(數(shù)詞)(動名詞)(不定式)(賓語從句)
2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓3)雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)(四)挑出下列句中的賓語
①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
5.賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。(名詞)thatshedidn’tcomehere.(名詞)(形容詞)副詞)(介詞短語)Don’tlethim(省to不定式)(帶to不定式)
Don’tkeepthelights(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybike(過去分詞)
(五)挑出下列句中的賓語補足語
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.
⑥D(zhuǎn)idyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
6.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。(名詞)(代詞)(數(shù)詞)lesson.(形容詞)副詞)介詞)(現(xiàn)在分詞)(過去分詞)(不定式)(定語從句)
(六)挑出下列句中的定語
①TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.
②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareCla1andCla3.
④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
7.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。(以下例句按上述順序排列)Hedidn’tstudyhard
(七)挑出下列句中的狀語
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MiLihurriedoff.
(八)劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語
①Pleasetellusastory.
②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.
③Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.
④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.
⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?
參考答案
(一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo
(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C
(三)①tired②worried③yellow④interested⑤first
(四)①hishomework②English③yourpronunciation④newwords⑤togoswimming
(五)①toreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room②totaketheboyoutofschool
③Lily④getonthebus⑤playingfootballontheplayground
(六)①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs
(七)①ontheface②Everynight③whenhewaseleven④fast⑤off
(八)①us,間接賓語astory,直接賓語②me,間接賓語anewbike,直接賓語
③us,間接賓語history,直接賓語④Tom,間接賓語it,直接賓語⑤me,間接賓語message,直接賓語