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句子成分講解

句子成分講解 | 樓主 | 2017-07-17 13:28:30 共有3個回復
  1. 1句子成分講解
  2. 2句子結構成分分析講解加練習完整版
  3. 3英語句子成分和英語句子結構講解及練習

名詞化的形容詞不定式動名詞賓語從句等來擔任,與是對應的其主語多為能流動能消耗的東西,買畫制作三個動詞在直接賓語前置時則必須在后邊加構成,分析下列句子成分并判斷句子結構類型。

句子成分講解2017-07-17 13:27:44 | #1樓回目錄

句子成分講解I

一、句子的組成

句子的組成部分,包括主語、謂語、賓語、定語、補語、狀語、表語、同位語八種

二、句子成分

1、主語是句子敘述的主體,可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞和主語從句等來承擔。

哪些詞可以充當主語?

ThedoctorlookedoverMrs.Brownverycarefully.

Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.

Itisayoungforest

Oneisnotenoughforme.

Togiveisbetterthantoreceive

Whoisthebabyinthepicture?

Whatisthetime?

Therearemanydifferentkindsofmooncakes.

Thathedidn’tspendallthemoneyisright.

(Itisrightthathedidn’tspendallthemoney.)

2、謂語說明主語做了什么動作或處在什么狀態(tài)。謂語由動詞來承擔主語的后面。

謂語的形式

Iagree.

Hegavemeapen.

Weareallhere.

Helookedworried.

Iwon’tdoitagain.

HecanspeakEnglish.

Ihaven’tunderstoodyet.

(Note:主語和謂語是英語句子的兩大成分,除少數(shù)句子(如祈使句和感嘆句等)外,一句話必須同時具有主語和謂語所表達的意思才能完整。)

3名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞、賓語從句等來擔任。

Isawacatinthetree.

Iwanttogoshopping.

Givetherubbertome.=Givemetherubber.

Wethinkyouareright.

4、補語是起補充說明作用的成份。最常見的是賓語補足語。名詞、動名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞都可以在句子中作賓補。

Ifinditinteresting.

Ifinditinterestingtoreadthisbook.

Icallthestudentsbackatonce.

Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.

Ithinkyourbrotheracleverboy.

Wehearhimsinginginthehall.

句子成分講解II

5、定語修飾名詞或代詞。定語可以由名詞,修飾詞的前面,如果是詞組,定語放在被修飾詞的后面。

Thatisabeautifulflower.

Thisismybook,notyourbook.

Therearemorethantwentytrees.

Ihavealotofthingstodo.

Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry.

TheTVsetmadeinthatfactoryisverygood.

6、狀語用來修飾動詞,或者說明事物發(fā)生的時間,地點,原因,目的,結果方式,條件或伴隨情況,程度等情況的詞叫狀語。狀語可以由副詞,短語以及從句來擔任。

Heranrapidly.

Iputdownthevaseonthegroundcarefully.

Wefoundthelittlegirlinthehill.

IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.

Heworkshardinordertoearnmoremoney.

ItissocoldtodaythatIcatchacold.

Ifyoustudy,youcangainhighgrades.

Hewentbackhome,sleepyandtired.

7、表語是用來說明主語的身份、性質、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的,它常位于系動詞(be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等詞)之后。

Africaisabigcontinent.

Who'she?

Itisbeautiful.

Pleasekeepquiet.

Youshouldstaycalm.

Itremainsapuzzle.

Thisiswhathesaid.

8、同位語:一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾,限定或說明,這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致,并常常緊挨在一起。

Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.

YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother's.

Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.

相關習題:

劃出下列句子的句子成分。

1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.

2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou

3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.

4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.

5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.

6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.

7.Iloveyoumorethanher.

8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.

9.Theypushedthedooropen.

10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.

12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.

13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.

14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.

句子結構成分分析講解加練習完整版2017-07-17 13:25:36 | #2樓回目錄

I.根據(jù)結構劃分:①簡單句

S+V(主+謂)

S+V+P(主+謂+表)

S+V+O(主+謂+賓)

S+V+o+O(主+謂+間賓+直賓)S+V+O+C(主+謂+賓+賓補)②并列句and,but,or

③復合句:名詞從句(賓,主,表,同)

副詞從句(狀語從句)形容詞從句(定語從句)II.根據(jù)功能劃分:陳述句

疑問句(一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,選擇疑問句,反義疑問句,修辭疑問句)

祈使句

感嘆句

I.常用作連系動詞:

①變成,變得:become,come,fall,get,go,grow,,turn

口訣:好是come,壞是go;天氣、外貌慢慢grow;顏色、天氣大不同turn;Get\become口語化,如果要說就用它.

口訣解讀:

Come一般表示事物由壞變好,結果是好的。

如:Dreamscometrue.夢想成真。

Go一般表示事物由好變壞,結果是不好的。

如:It'ssuchahotdaytodaythatthisdishhasgonesmelly.今天太熱了,菜都餿了。Grow表示逐漸變化,強調的是緩慢變化的過程,后面往往接表示天氣或外貌變化的靜態(tài)形容詞。

如:Iwanttogrowoldwithyou.我想和你一起慢慢變老。

Run與grow是對應的,其主語多為能流動,能消耗的東西。

如:Stillwaterrunsdeep.靜水深流。

Turn多接表示顏色和天氣的形容詞,側重于表達與之前大不相同。如:Theweathersuddenlyturnedhot.天氣突然變熱了。

Inspringthetreesturngreen,theflowerscomeout.春天樹變綠了,花開了。

II.代雙賓語的動詞

“七給”一“帶”to不少,“買”畫“制作”for來了。

1、“七給”(give,pass,lend,write,show,send,hand)和“帶”(bring)8個及物動詞,在直接賓語前置時,必須在后面加上“to”。即“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”

如:Helentsomemoneytome.類似動詞的還有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach等

2、“buy”(買);“draw”(畫);“make”(制作)三個動詞,在直接賓語前置時,則必須在后邊加“for”,構成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”。

如:Motherboughtanewdreforme。類似的動詞還有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(訂購),reach等。

反意疑問句

附在陳述句之后,對陳述句所說得事實和觀點提出疑問。

一般來說有兩種形式:陳述肯定,則所附問句否定;陳述句否定,則所附問句肯定。

TheEmbarrassedMagician.

Magician(toyoungsterhehascalleduponthestage):

Now,myboy,youhaveneverseenmebefore,haveyou?

Boy:NoDaddy.

Youhavecompletedthatjob,haven’tyou?

Youhavenotcompletedthatjob,haveyou?

三.祈使句:

用以表示請求,命令,勸告,建議等語氣的句子。

主語You常省略,只以動詞原形開頭。

一般沒有時態(tài)變化,不與情態(tài)動詞連用。

Stopbuggingme.

Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.

Don’tgetmewrong.

Let’sjusthavearest.

Let’shopeforthebest.

Letbygonesbebygones

Makehaywhilesunshines.

四.感嘆句:

主要由what和how來引導。

What結構主要有兩種

A、Whata(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+謂語部分!

Whatalovelyboyheis!

B.What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+謂語部分!

Whatfoolishmistakesyouhavemade.

Whatniceweather(itis)!

How結構主要有一種:

A.How+形容詞/副詞+主謂部分Howlovelytheboyis!

Howfastthetimeflies!

B.How+主謂部分(實義動詞做謂語)HowIhateexam!我真煩考試!

Howhesnores!他鼾聲如雷!

(二)practice

2.分析下列句子成分,并判斷句子結構類型。Timefliesby.

I’monadiet.

Iownyouone.

Itslippedmymind.

Oldhabitsdiehard.

Ienjoyyourcompany.

Ican’tstandtheheat.

Chattingontheinternetbringsmealotoffun.HespeaksEnglishwell.

TeacherswillmakeyourEnglishbetter.Theyfoundthedeadboy.

Theyfoundtheboydead.

Ifoundthebookeasily.

Ifoundthebookeasy.

TomfoundJimanapartment.

WefoundJohnaloyalfriend.’

Iwillfindyouagoodteacher.

Shewillmakehimagoodwife.

Shewillmakehimagoodhusband.

英語句子成分和英語句子結構講解及練習2017-07-17 13:26:18 | #3樓回目錄

英語句子成分和英語句子結構講解及練習

1.主語(subject)句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)

Whatheneedsisabook.(主語從句)

Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)

2.謂語(predicate)說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.

3.表語(predicative)系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.(名詞)

Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)

Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)

Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)

Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語從句)

(常見的系動詞有be,sound(聽起來),look(看起來),feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來),taste(嘗、吃起來),

remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺)...

Itsoundsagoodidea.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.

Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thedoorremainsopen.

4.賓語:

1)動作的承受者-----動賓IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)

Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(賓語從句)

2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.

3)雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.

5.賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)

Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名詞)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)

Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語)Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)

Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過去分詞)

6.主補:對主語的補充。Hewaselectedmonitor.

Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

7.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)

Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)

Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)

YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語從句)

8.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,或者句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。

(以下例句按上述順序排列)

Iwillgotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.

Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.

Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.

Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.

基本句子結構

簡單句的五個基本句型

主語+謂語Shecame./Myheadaches.主語+謂語+賓語ShelikesEnglish.主語+系動詞+表語Sheishappy.

主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語ShegaveJohnabook.

Sheboughtabookforme.

主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補語Shemakeshermotherangry.

Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.

There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.

分析下列句子成分

1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.

2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou

3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.

4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.

5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.

6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.

7.---Iloveyoumorethanher,child.

8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.

9.Theypushedthedooropen.、

10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

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