關(guān)于英語作文的體裁
篇一:英語寫作文章體裁介紹
英語寫作文章體裁介紹
一. 書信
英文信通常包括以下5個(gè)部分:信頭,稱呼,正文,結(jié)束語和謙稱,簽名。
1. 寫信人的地址和日期,通常放在信箋的右上角。順序是先寫地址,后寫日期,地址和日期的寫法要符合英語習(xí)慣。
寫地址應(yīng)由小到大:門牌號碼、街名、城(縣)名、省名、國名。同漢語的習(xí)慣完全相反。 日期常見的寫法有兩種:
(1)月、日、年 (如:October 8, 2010)
(2)日、月、年 (如:8th October,2010)
2. 稱呼
英文信里的稱呼一般以Dear…開頭。給親屬寫信是在Dear的后面加上表明親屬關(guān)系的詞即可,例如:Dear Dad, Dear Uncle等;寫給小輩或平輩可直呼其名,例如:Dear Xiao Jun, Dear Charlie等;寫給不太熟悉的人常在Dear后加上“某先生”或“某女士”等,例如:Dear Mr. (姓)/ Dear Mrs. (丈夫的姓)
3. 正文
正文要求簡明達(dá)意,層次分明。
。1)正文開頭的套語:
a. Thank you for your letter on 18 May.
b. I was pleased to hear from you yesterday.
c. I’m writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
d. I’m glad /sorry to tell you that…
(2)開頭以后要回答對方的問題,或陳述自己的意見。寫信和寫文章一樣,要分段寫,每段要有一個(gè)中心思想。
4. 結(jié)束語和謙稱
結(jié)束語通常寫在正文最后一行的下邊。常用的結(jié)束語有:
a. Please give my kind regards to your family.
b. Best wishes.
c. Thank you again for your kind letter.
d. Looking forward to your letter.
e. Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible
謙稱有尊卑親疏之分, 要與收信人的稱謂相符合,例如:
在熟悉的人之間常用 Sincerely yours / Yours sincerely, 等
在不太熟悉而應(yīng)該客氣的人之間常用 Truly yours / Yours truly, 等
在親密的親友之間常用 Yours affectionately / Affectionately yours /Yours, 等
5. 簽名
簽名的位置是在謙稱語下面一行至二行。除了對熟悉或親密的人以外,簽名必須寫全姓名。
二. 通知
1. 通知一般包括標(biāo)題、正文、日期和通知發(fā)布單位。正文上方正中間寫標(biāo)題Notice;日期一般寫在左下方(落款之下),通知發(fā)布單位一般寫在正文的右下角。通知通常無稱呼語和結(jié)束語。典型格式如下:
Notice
The Students’ UnionFebruary 8, 2010
2. 常用客套語,句型:
a. In order to …, …. meeting/… party is going to be held in …
b. It will start at … and end at…
c. You will enjoy… What’s more…
d. …will be invited…
e. They will give us….
f. … is welcome to … We hope…
3. 口頭通知要有呼語,呼語要左起頂格,常以Ladies and gentlemen / Dear friends / Boys and Girls等開頭。正文開始時(shí),為引起對方注意,常用:May I have your attention, please或Attention, please! 口頭通知結(jié)束時(shí)要有結(jié)束語。另起一段,一般為:That’s all. Thank you.
三. 演講稿
演講稿一般由稱呼和開頭語、正文和結(jié)束語三部分組成。
1. 常見的稱呼有:Ladies and gentlemen,Boys and Girls,Comrades, Friends 等。
2. 正文應(yīng)開門見山,點(diǎn)出發(fā)言的主題。靈活充分地利用提示要點(diǎn),注意發(fā)言稿的選詞造句以及行文的連貫。
3. 結(jié)尾可用簡短有力的句子再次強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的觀點(diǎn)。
常用句式:
a. Ladies and gentlemen / Boys and Girls / Comrades / Friends /Dear fellow students / Good morning / afternoon everyone…
b. It’s nice to speak about … / The topic of my speech today is …
c. The first thing we can do is… / The second…
d. Personally, I think it is a good idea for … to … / If everyone does one thing for …, I believe we will … / Therefore, we can…
e. What I want to stress is that …. / In a word, … can …
f. Thank you! / Thank you for listening!
四. 記敘文
記敘文是對某一事件或一系列事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)束以及某一人物的變化所做的文字表述。它通常包括寫人、寫景、寫事。 這類題材的試題在試卷中多以看圖作文、材料作文,以及材料縮寫等不同形式出現(xiàn)。
寫好記敘文要注意一下幾個(gè)方面:
1. 以寫人為主的記敘文,在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)該注意肖像描寫、行動(dòng)描寫、心理描寫以及對細(xì)節(jié)的描寫,考生應(yīng)該根據(jù)寫作的要求,靈活掌握,突出重點(diǎn)。
2. 以寫事為主的記敘文,在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)該注意記敘七要素(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果),注意描寫的先后順序以及記事順序、記事的相對完整性,注意把握好事情的開始、發(fā)展、高潮及結(jié)果。
3. 以寫景為主的記敘文,應(yīng)注意景物的主要特征,景物描寫的層次,以及人與景的情景交融。
4. 以寫物為主的記敘文,通常是借物喻人,通過寫物來表達(dá)作者的感受。在寫作過程中,對主題要審準(zhǔn)、審清,經(jīng)過細(xì)致觀察后按一定順序和層次進(jìn)行切題敘述。
5. 記敘文所記敘的一般是過去發(fā)生的事,所以動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)以過去時(shí)態(tài)為主。
常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞:
the other day / several days ago / at that moment / at that time / immediately / when /suddenly /as soon as / finally / two hours later / to one’s surprise / unfortunately / luckily /as a result /so / therefore
常用句式:
It was… (weather) / While sb. was doing / sb. was about to do … when…. / sb. did …and … / see/hear sb. doing / with the help of sb. / what was worse … / … because …/ … but … /… though… / … while …/ so (such) … that …
五. 議論文
1. 寫議論文要考慮用什么論據(jù)來證明論點(diǎn),怎樣論證,然后得出結(jié)論。論點(diǎn)要明確,論據(jù)要充分,論證要嚴(yán)密。
2. 寫作方法大體有三種:① 總分式,② 答疑式,③ 對比式。盡管有多種寫法,但目前各類考試大多有提示,即論點(diǎn),論據(jù)一般是確定的。所以我們應(yīng)先找到論點(diǎn)、論據(jù),再考慮如何組織材料,即論證的方式
3. 常用的論證方法有:歸納法(從分析典型即分析個(gè)別事情入手,找出事物的共同特點(diǎn),然后得出結(jié)論);推理法(從一般原理出發(fā),對個(gè)別事物進(jìn)行說明分析,然后得出結(jié)論);對照法(把正反兩方面進(jìn)行對照,然后加以分析,得出結(jié)論);駁論發(fā)(先列出錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn),然后逐條加以批駁,最后闡述自己的觀點(diǎn))等。
4. 常用的連接詞和套語:
on the contrary, all in all, in short, generally, in conclusion, personally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides, in my opinion, for the sake of, I agree to / am in favor of / am against…, To begin with… Secondly… Lastly, last but not least, On the one hand… On the other hand…, As we all know, The main reason is that …, Another thing we can’t forget is that…
六. 提綱類作文
提綱類書面表達(dá)是把材料分割成信息塊,列成獨(dú)立的文字信息。此類文章要求考生們靈活運(yùn)用知識(shí),采用不同的表達(dá)方式將試題中的要點(diǎn)完整地表達(dá)出來,力求準(zhǔn)確、簡潔、規(guī)范。做此類試題,可以分三步進(jìn)行:
(1)用英語譯出要點(diǎn)
。2)組詞成句
同時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
、 詞語搭配、習(xí)慣用法要準(zhǔn)確,使用最熟悉、最有把握的詞組和短語。
、 語法結(jié)構(gòu)要正確。
、 靈活使用“五種基本句型”,表達(dá)要符合英語習(xí)慣,切忌漢語式英語。
、 注意“一意多譯”,避免在一篇文章中重復(fù)使用同一短語,可采用其同義詞或近義詞。
。3)連句成篇
同時(shí)注意一下幾點(diǎn):
① 運(yùn)用過渡詞,以確保文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),行文流暢。
、 變換句型結(jié)構(gòu),正確使用復(fù)合句及一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu),以增加文章亮點(diǎn)。
③ 根據(jù)材料的特點(diǎn),適當(dāng)增加合理想象,以求短文自然、完整。
、 文章及各段落中要有總結(jié)性的主題句。
篇二:高考英語各種題材體裁作文格式與范例
英語各種題材體裁作文格式與范例
高考英語書面表達(dá)練習(xí)——圖表作文(格式與范例)
高考看圖作文的體裁:
記敘文:要抓住記敘文的六要素:when, where, who, what, why, how. 即五個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”。要注意人物與空間的關(guān)系,畫面與畫面的關(guān)系,要點(diǎn)與發(fā)揮的關(guān)系。
議論文:(見漫畫作文)
說明文:(另見圖表式作文)
常用句型:
1. One day / the other day / a couple of days ago / while he was…,he..
2. It was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning …when …
3. The picture sets me thinking deeply…
4. From the picture,we can see ….
5. It is really an unforgettable day …
6. As is shown / indicated in the picture, …
7. After seeing the picture ,I was greatly shocked by …
8. This is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man …
9. We can learn from the picture that …
10. The picture shows that…
11. This sight reminds me of something in my daily life….
例題展示1:(2004年廣東)
假設(shè)你是下圖的李華。請根據(jù)圖畫所提供的信息,寫一篇英語作文,描述昨天晚上鄰居看足球賽影響你學(xué)習(xí)的情況,并描寫你隨后與鄰居交涉的過程(如:你向鄰居提出要求,對方向你表示歉意等。)
注意:1. 詞數(shù):80—120
2. 可以編寫對話或其它敘述方式描寫你與鄰居的交涉過程
One possible version:
Last night I was preparing for the coming examination when the noise from my neighbor interrupted me. The noise went on and on. It was so loudly that I could hardly pay attention to my study any longer. So I went to my neighbor’s house and said to him: “Excuse me, would you please turn down the TVI’m preparing tomorrow’s examination.” Having heard these words, his face went red. And he said, “Ok, I’ll turn it down. Li Hua, I’m
very sorry to have made so much noise. Just now, the football was very wonderful. I was
too excited to control myself. I won’t do that again. Good luck in your coming examination. ” After that, I got down to my study.
議論文:
英語漫畫作文,就是根據(jù)漫畫所描述的內(nèi)容,按照要求和提示寫一篇英語短文。英語漫畫作文常以諷刺畫和幽默畫為主,要求學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)水平,解讀畫面,展開想象,議論,揭示自己對生活的理解,使人受到教育。漫畫作文多以敘述結(jié)合議論為主。
探究異同:
1. 與一般圖畫作文的區(qū)別:圖畫作文只是對圖畫內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描寫,形成一篇符合邏輯,行文連貫的文章。
2. 與圖畫開放作文的區(qū)別:開放式作文根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容圍繞主題,從不同的角度立意,有相當(dāng)大的自由發(fā)揮空間,可以自圓其說。
3. 漫畫作文:漫畫作文要通過對畫面的描述,揭示畫面所蘊(yùn)含的實(shí)質(zhì),并與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系起來,從而打到諷刺或教育的目的。漫畫作文所揭示的實(shí)質(zhì)只有一個(gè),拋開這一主題就是離題,這才是漫畫作文的關(guān)鍵所在。
寫作攻略:漫畫作文寫作主要通過三步完成:
第一步:認(rèn)真觀察,正確敘述畫面內(nèi)容。
畫面的主體往往是人物。要仔細(xì)觀察畫面中人物的形體,相貌,表情,語言,動(dòng)作
等,推測人物的思想面貌,尤其注意人物在干什么;還要觀察周圍環(huán)境,弄清事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)以及和事件有關(guān)的情況,然后把這些信息連貫性地表達(dá)出來,使靜止的畫面“活動(dòng)化”。平面的事物“立體化”。通常以記敘為主,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或一般過去時(shí)態(tài),第三人稱。
第二步:選點(diǎn)立意。
通過收集畫面所提供的內(nèi)容,去粗取精,揣摩畫意,揭示實(shí)質(zhì),得出結(jié)論。
第三步:引發(fā)評論。
與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系,由此及彼地加以聯(lián)想與引申,在畫面意義的基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)想到另一層新的內(nèi)容,發(fā)表自己的看法,可以提出一些建議和辦法。
第二和第三步?jīng)]有明顯界線?梢砸粴夂浅,以議論為主。
常用句型;
1.開頭:This is a picture about…/ In the picture we can see…/ From the picture it can
be seen that…/ Let’s look at the picture…
2.結(jié)尾段:It is not right that…/ If they do like that…/ We can draw a conclusion that…/
The story tells us that …/ It teaches us a lesson…
3.承接詞匯及句型:in my opinion / in our daily life / nowadays / As the proverb says …/ I’m sure… / meanwhile / however / at the same time / but / so / as a result / Do you think so...
4.另外,漫畫作文在揭示實(shí)質(zhì)后往往會(huì)有精彩的諺語,格言,成語等出現(xiàn),給文章添彩不少。如:No pains, no gains. / All work and no play makes Jake a dull boy. / Dripping water wears through rock./ Constant effort brings success.(滴水能穿石,功到自然成)/Use “one stone” to kill “two birds”(一石擊雙鳥)
例題展示1:
簡要描述圖片,并談?wù)勀銓W(xué)生在業(yè)余時(shí)間參加過多的補(bǔ)習(xí)和培訓(xùn)的看法。
。ㄒ唬 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):
1. 描述文字說明:
1) 學(xué)生被迫上很多補(bǔ)習(xí)班
2) 無興趣可言
2. 議論文字說明:
1) 太多的補(bǔ)習(xí)班是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
2) 學(xué)習(xí)要有興趣
3) 家長不要強(qiáng)迫孩子參加補(bǔ)習(xí)
4) 表達(dá)希望
(二)One possible version:
Looking at this picture,you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a dull boy”. He has to go to so many training classes besides his school classes. Life is no fun at all for him. Holidays and weekends have become dull work-days. He is too tired to learn these lessons well with no interest.
In my opinion, spare-time training courses are a waste of time for many students. They might do better when they show interest in what they are learning. Please don’t force these students to do what they are not willing to, and when learning is fun, surely they will do better than we expect!
(三)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和套語:
Looking at this picture, you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a
dull boy”. He has to … besides his school classes. Life is …. … have become …. He is …In my opinion, … for many students. They might …when they … what they are learning. Please don’t …what they…, and when learning is fun, surely …
例題展示2:
根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容,以“We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter”題,用英語寫一篇100詞左右的短文。短文須包括以下要點(diǎn),不得逐條翻譯。
1.簡單描述漫畫的內(nèi)容;
2.作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)過重;
3.精講精練;
4.參加體育鍛煉和社會(huì)活動(dòng)。
We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter
The picture shows that a girl is wearing a pair of glasses and carrying a big heavy
schoolbag, and a woman is doing some exercise. The girl says to the woman, “If you carry the schoolbag for me, I’m sure you will lose some weight.”
As is well-known, we Chinese students are overburdened with lessons and
homework which our teachers have given us. All that we do every day is to listen to our
teachers’ lessons, to take notes and do our homework which seems endless.
We do hope our teachers will help us get more knowledge with fewer lectures, exercises and less homework. Only in this way will we have spare time to do more physical exercise and make us stronger, and we will have more spare time to take part in some social activities, which makes us all mentally and physically healthier.
例題展示3. 根據(jù)以下圖畫再結(jié)合你的想象,寫出一篇100字左右的短文:
It is the old man’s birthday today. Now he is sitting on a sofa alone. Maybe his wife has been dead. On the right side is a big birthday cake sent by his son. And there are also some presents given by his daughter on the left. Yet the old man doesn’t feel happy. Instead, he looks very sad because he is lonely.
Our life is getting better and better than before. Some people think that old people will be satisfied as long as they have enough to eat and drink. I think they are quite wrong. Old people easily get lonely because they have no work to do. So we should spend as much time together with them as we can and take care of them in every possible way.
粗取精,真正做到正確分析和篩選有效信息。如99年的六幅畫,通過恰當(dāng)?shù)姆治龊徒M合歸納出六個(gè)要點(diǎn):1. 集合、出發(fā);2. 到達(dá);3. 參觀;4. 野餐;5. 娛樂;6. 告別;三、表述語言表達(dá)盡管角度不同,形式多樣,但所用的詞句貼切得體、簡潔明了、淺顯易懂是它的特點(diǎn)。在語言表達(dá)上應(yīng)掌握三個(gè)原則:遣詞造句正確為先;上下行文流暢為好;通篇描述有文采則妙。(一)正確為先 所謂“正確為先”就是所寫的每一句話應(yīng)該符合英語語言的規(guī)范,做到?jīng)]有英語詞法和句法錯(cuò)誤,盡量避免生硬翻譯和漢語式的英語傾向。為此,應(yīng)當(dāng)做到:1.多用常用詞?v觀近年來的看圖作文題,所用動(dòng)詞都是英語中最為常用的熟
詞!98NMET: visit / go / show around / see / grow / have / tell / play / pass / know / say等;’99NMET: be / hear from / write / tell / take place / stand / plant / hope / come / see等;2000NMET: be / walk along / come out of / see / drive up / turn / hit / cross / fall / notice等;2002 NMET: take part in / set out / carry / be / climb / swim / push / find / get / lose / arrive / make / start / spend / learn / forget等。由此看來,學(xué)好常用動(dòng)詞及其短語的用法是提高書面表達(dá)能力的重要保證。2.多用簡單句。簡單句易于表達(dá)且結(jié)構(gòu)清楚;從句型語法角度來看,易于把握;從詞匯角度來看,詞類和搭配中常見的錯(cuò)誤也易于發(fā)現(xiàn)。信息密集的長句要分解成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句。尤其對于寫作能力不強(qiáng)的同學(xué)們而言,多用簡單句可以盡量減少錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)的出現(xiàn)。3.選用熟練句。英語的一句話可以有多種表達(dá)形式,即一句多譯。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,就要進(jìn)行多角度全方位的發(fā)散性思維訓(xùn)練,培養(yǎng)自己靈活運(yùn)用語言的能力。如’97NMET中的第二個(gè)要點(diǎn)“在十字路口被兩人攔住”就可以有以下不同的表達(dá)方式:1)When getting to the crossroads, we were stopped by a man and a girl. 2)At the crossroads, we were stopped by a young man and a lady. 3)When we reached (got to) the crossroads, a young man and a girl came up and stopped us.寫作時(shí)要用自己最熟練、把握最大的“拿手句”,如果確有疑難,應(yīng)“繞道而行”,改用近義句。沒有把握的句子要盡量少寫或不寫,寫不出的句子絕不要硬寫,最忌不顧英語句型生搬硬套,甚至胡編亂造。(二)流暢為好評價(jià)一篇作文好壞的一條重要原則就是“上下文連貫”,讓讀者有一種“通篇流暢、一氣呵成”的感覺。這就要有效地使用語句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,行文連貫。為達(dá)此目的,要時(shí)刻注意
篇三:英語作文常見的體裁及可借鑒的寫作模式
英語作文常見的體裁及可借鑒的寫作模式。
一、議論文
議論文要求學(xué)生就某一方面的問題通過擺事實(shí)、講道理的方式來發(fā)表自己的看法。一般來說,議論文由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證三部分組成。要做到:1)論點(diǎn)要正確無誤。2)論據(jù)要可靠充分。論據(jù)可以是人們公認(rèn)的真理,也可以是經(jīng)過實(shí)踐考證的經(jīng)典著作。3)論證要合理嚴(yán)密。人們常用的論證方法有歸納法、推理法、對比法。議論文一般按提出問題、解決問題的邏輯順序來安排層次。
。ㄒ唬┳h論文的寫作步驟
1、引言(introduction):由于英語作文受時(shí)間、字?jǐn)?shù)的限制,因此,在引言段中作者就必須簡單解釋要討論的問題,并明白地亮出自己的觀點(diǎn),如提倡什么,支持什么,反對什么等。
2、展開段(supporting sentences):展開段是議論的過程,作者必須有足夠的證據(jù)(adequate proofs)來論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。一般可提出一個(gè)或兩個(gè)proofs, 并對此用一兩句話分別進(jìn)行闡述。
3、結(jié)論(conclusion):結(jié)論段可以用一兩句話來結(jié)束文章。同時(shí)要注意與引言段呼應(yīng),但不能照搬前面的原話。
二)議論文的類型
英語議論文根據(jù)命題特點(diǎn),從形式上來看可分為如下類型:
1、對問題“一分為二”的觀點(diǎn)。這類文章大多結(jié)合當(dāng)前時(shí)事,要求學(xué)生就某種現(xiàn)象談其利弊。如“轎車大量進(jìn)入家庭后,對家庭、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)可能產(chǎn)生的影響”。此類文章的模式及套語如下,僅供參考:
第一段:
Nowadays more and more people/plays an important part inLike everything elsehas /have both favorable and unfavorable aspects (both advantages and disadvantages). Generally, the favorable aspects (advantages) can be listed as follows.
第二段:
Firstsecondlyin addition(what’s more)
第三段:
Every coin has two sides. The negative aspects (advantages) are also apparent (obvious). To begin withto make matters worseworst of all
第四段:
Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects(advantages) outweigh the negative aspects(disadvantages). Therefore 范文:討論電腦的利弊。
Computers are playing a more and more important role in modern society. They are widely used almost in every field, such as business, transportation and education. We use computers to process and store all kinds of information. Also, they are entering ordinary families. We use computers to control electrical appliances and to entertain ourselves by playing games on them. Without computers, the world would not be what it is today.
In spite of this, computers cause problems. For instance, a great system will break down when only a single computer goes wrong. It is possible that somebody breaks into a computer system to steal secret information. We cannot rely so much on computers.
So we should develop more advanced and reliable computers in order to make our life more colorful and meaningful.
2、“兩者選一”的觀點(diǎn)。這要求學(xué)生在a和b之間作一選擇或比較,如“乘火車還是乘飛機(jī)”。
第一段:
Some people hold the opinion that (a) is superior to (b) in many ways. Others , however, argue that (b) is much better. Personally, I would prefer (a) because (a) has more advantages.
第二段:
There are many reasons why I prefer (a). The main reason is that . Another reason is that
第三段:
Of course, choosing (b) also has advantages to some extent.(give one or two advantages of b)
第四段:
But if all these factors are considered, (a) is much better that (b).From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that
3、“我認(rèn)為”即“我的觀點(diǎn)”型。如“一些學(xué)生喜歡拿自己的同學(xué)開惡作劇的玩笑,談?wù)勀愕目捶!?/p>
Some of the students around us like playing practical jokes on others at school, but frankly speaking, I don’t think it’s wise to do this kind of thing, for they often lead to a lot of problems.
In my opinion, playing tricks on your classmates might ruin the friendship between you and your friends. As young students, we sometimes do something only for fun without thinking of others’ feelings. Playing some jokes may more or less hurt your friends.
What’s more, playing tricks on others may do harm to their bodies. The victims of the jokes might suffer from severe pain not only mentally but also physically.
Last but not least, humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest.
If a person wants to make true friends, he must learn to foster the friendship which can eich his life. He should learn to treat his friends sincerely and frankly, to give advice and to help whenever they need but never to` play meaningless practical jokes on them .
4、圖表作文。圖表式作文通過閱讀圖表中的數(shù)字與項(xiàng)目得出一個(gè)結(jié)論或形成一種看法。寫作要點(diǎn):不需要把表中的數(shù)據(jù)一一列出,只要選幾個(gè)有代表性的數(shù)據(jù)加以敘述并結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)抓住實(shí)質(zhì)簡而議之。
下面的模式可供參考:
模式一:
第一段:
is known as one of the most serious problems in today’s world, as is shown in the grapy,/according to the figures shown in the grapy,(表述圖表中的數(shù)字)
第二段:
篇四:高考英語各種題材體裁作文格式與范例[1]
英語各種題材體裁作文格式與范例
高考英語書面表達(dá)練習(xí)——圖表作文(格式與范例)
高考看圖作文的體裁:
記敘文:要抓住記敘文的六要素:when, where, who, what, why, how. 即五個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”。要注意人物與空間的關(guān)系,畫面與畫面的關(guān)系,要點(diǎn)與發(fā)揮的關(guān)系。
議論文:(見漫畫作文)
說明文:(另見圖表式作文)
常用句型:
1. One day / the other day / a couple of days ago / while he was…,he..
2. It was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning …when …
3. The picture sets me thinking deeply…
4. From the picture,we can see ….
5. It is really an unforgettable day …
6. As is shown / indicated in the picture, …
7. After seeing the picture ,I was greatly shocked by …
8. This is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man …
9. We can learn from the picture that …
10. The picture shows that…
11. This sight reminds me of something in my daily life….
例題展示1:(2004年廣東)
假設(shè)你是下圖的李華。請根據(jù)圖畫所提供的信息,寫一篇英語作文,描述昨天晚上鄰居看足球賽影響你學(xué)習(xí)的情況,并描寫你隨后與鄰居交涉的過程(如:你向鄰居提出要求,對方向你表示歉意等。)
注意:1. 詞數(shù):80—120
2. 可以編寫對話或其它敘述方式描寫你與鄰居的交涉過程
One possible version:
Last night I was preparing for the coming examination when the noise from my neighbor interrupted me. The noise went on and on. It was so loudly that I could hardly pay attention to my study any longer. So I went to my neighbor’s house and said to him: “Excuse me, would you please turn down the TVI’m preparing tomorrow’s examination.” Having heard these words, his face went red. And he said, “Ok, I’ll turn it down. Li Hua, I’m
very sorry to have made so much noise. Just now, the football was very wonderful. I was
too excited to control myself. I won’t do that again. Good luck in your coming examination. ” After that, I got down to my study.
議論文:
英語漫畫作文,就是根據(jù)漫畫所描述的內(nèi)容,按照要求和提示寫一篇英語短文。英語漫畫作文常以諷刺畫和幽默畫為主,要求學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)水平,解讀畫面,展開想象,議論,揭示自己對生活的理解,使人受到教育。漫畫作文多以敘述結(jié)合議論為主。
探究異同:
1. 與一般圖畫作文的區(qū)別:圖畫作文只是對圖畫內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描寫,形成一篇符合邏輯,行文連貫的文章。
2. 與圖畫開放作文的區(qū)別:開放式作文根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容圍繞主題,從不同的角度立意,有相當(dāng)大的自由發(fā)揮空間,可以自圓其說。
3. 漫畫作文:漫畫作文要通過對畫面的描述,揭示畫面所蘊(yùn)含的實(shí)質(zhì),并與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系起來,從而打到諷刺或教育的目的。漫畫作文所揭示的實(shí)質(zhì)只有一個(gè),拋開這一主題就是離題,這才是漫畫作文的關(guān)鍵所在。
寫作攻略:漫畫作文寫作主要通過三步完成:
第一步:認(rèn)真觀察,正確敘述畫面內(nèi)容。
畫面的主體往往是人物。要仔細(xì)觀察畫面中人物的形體,相貌,表情,語言,動(dòng)作
等,推測人物的思想面貌,尤其注意人物在干什么;還要觀察周圍環(huán)境,弄清事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)以及和事件有關(guān)的情況,然后把這些信息連貫性地表達(dá)出來,使靜止的畫面“活動(dòng)化”。平面的事物“立體化”。通常以記敘為主,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或一般過去時(shí)態(tài),第三人稱。
第二步:選點(diǎn)立意。
通過收集畫面所提供的內(nèi)容,去粗取精,揣摩畫意,揭示實(shí)質(zhì),得出結(jié)論。
第三步:引發(fā)評論。
與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系,由此及彼地加以聯(lián)想與引申,在畫面意義的基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)想到另一層新的內(nèi)容,發(fā)表自己的看法,可以提出一些建議和辦法。
第二和第三步?jīng)]有明顯界線?梢砸粴夂浅桑宰h論為主。
常用句型;
1.開頭:This is a picture about…/ In the picture we can see…/ From the picture it can
be seen that…/ Let’s look at the picture…
2.結(jié)尾段:It is not right that…/ If they do like that…/ We can draw a conclusion that…/
The story tells us that …/ It teaches us a lesson…
3.承接詞匯及句型:in my opinion / in our daily life / nowadays / As the proverb says …/ I’m sure… / meanwhile / however / at the same time / but / so / as a result / Do you think so...
4.另外,漫畫作文在揭示實(shí)質(zhì)后往往會(huì)有精彩的諺語,格言,成語等出現(xiàn),給文章添彩不少。如:No pains, no gains. / All work and no play makes Jake a dull boy. / Dripping water wears through rock./ Constant effort brings success.(滴水能穿石,功到自然成)/Use “one stone” to kill “two birds”(一石擊雙鳥)
例題展示1:
簡要描述圖片,并談?wù)勀銓W(xué)生在業(yè)余時(shí)間參加過多的補(bǔ)習(xí)和培訓(xùn)的看法。
(一) 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):
1. 描述文字說明:
1) 學(xué)生被迫上很多補(bǔ)習(xí)班
2) 無興趣可言
2. 議論文字說明:
1) 太多的補(bǔ)習(xí)班是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
2) 學(xué)習(xí)要有興趣
3) 家長不要強(qiáng)迫孩子參加補(bǔ)習(xí)
4) 表達(dá)希望
。ǘ㎡ne possible version:
Looking at this picture,you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a dull boy”. He has to go to so many training classes besides his school classes. Life is no fun at all for him. Holidays and weekends have become dull work-days. He is too tired to learn these lessons well with no interest.
In my opinion, spare-time training courses are a waste of time for many students. They might do better when they show interest in what they are learning. Please don’t force these students to do what they are not willing to, and when learning is fun, surely they will do better than we expect!
。ㄈ┪恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)和套語:
Looking at this picture, you will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a
dull boy”. He has to … besides his school classes. Life is …. … have become …. He is …In my opinion, … for many students. They might …when they … what they are learning. Please don’t …what they…, and when learning is fun, surely …
例題展示2:
根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容,以“We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter”題,用英語寫一篇100詞左右的短文。短文須包括以下要點(diǎn),不得逐條翻譯。
1.簡單描述漫畫的內(nèi)容;
2.作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)過重;
3.精講精練;
4.參加體育鍛煉和社會(huì)活動(dòng)。
We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter
The picture shows that a girl is wearing a pair of glasses and carrying a big heavy
schoolbag, and a woman is doing some exercise. The girl says to the woman, “If you carry the schoolbag for me, I’m sure you will lose some weight.”
As is well-known, we Chinese students are overburdened with lessons and
homework which our teachers have given us. All that we do every day is to listen to our
teachers’ lessons, to take notes and do our homework which seems endless.
We do hope our teachers will help us get more knowledge with fewer lectures, exercises and less homework. Only in this way will we have spare time to do more physical exercise and make us stronger, and we will have more spare time to take part in some social activities, which makes us all mentally and physically healthier.
例題展示3. 根據(jù)以下圖畫再結(jié)合你的想象,寫出一篇100字左右的短文:
It is the old man’s birthday today. Now he is sitting on a sofa alone. Maybe his wife has been dead. On the right side is a big birthday cake sent by his son. And there are also some presents given by his daughter on the left. Yet the old man doesn’t feel happy. Instead, he looks very sad because he is lonely.
Our life is getting better and better than before. Some people think that old people will be satisfied as long as they have enough to eat and drink. I think they are quite wrong. Old people easily get lonely because they have no work to do. So we should spend as much time together with them as we can and take care of them in every possible way.
粗取精,真正做到正確分析和篩選有效信息。如99年的六幅畫,通過恰當(dāng)?shù)姆治龊徒M合歸納出六個(gè)要點(diǎn):1. 集合、出發(fā);2. 到達(dá);3. 參觀;4. 野餐;5. 娛樂;6. 告別;三、表述語言表達(dá)盡管角度不同,形式多樣,但所用的詞句貼切得體、簡潔明了、淺顯易懂是它的特點(diǎn)。在語言表達(dá)上應(yīng)掌握三個(gè)原則:遣詞造句正確為先;上下行文流暢為好;通篇描述有文采則妙。(一)正確為先 所謂“正確為先”就是所寫的每一句話應(yīng)該符合英語語言的規(guī)范,做到?jīng)]有英語詞法和句法錯(cuò)誤,盡量避免生硬翻譯和漢語式的英語傾向。為此,應(yīng)當(dāng)做到:1.多用常用詞?v觀近年來的看圖作文題,所用動(dòng)詞都是英語中最為常用的熟
詞!98NMET: visit / go / show around / see / grow / have / tell / play / pass / know / say等;’99NMET: be / hear from / write / tell / take place / stand / plant / hope / come / see等;2000NMET: be / walk along / come out of / see / drive up / turn / hit / cross / fall / notice等;2002 NMET: take part in / set out / carry / be / climb / swim / push / find / get / lose / arrive / make / start / spend / learn / forget等。由此看來,學(xué)好常用動(dòng)詞及其短語的用法是提高書面表達(dá)能力的重要保證。2.多用簡單句。簡單句易于表達(dá)且結(jié)構(gòu)清楚;從句型語法角度來看,易于把握;從詞匯角度來看,詞類和搭配中常見的錯(cuò)誤也易于發(fā)現(xiàn)。信息密集的長句要分解成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句。尤其對于寫作能力不強(qiáng)的同學(xué)們而言,多用簡單句可以盡量減少錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)的出現(xiàn)。3.選用熟練句。英語的一句話可以有多種表達(dá)形式,即一句多譯。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,就要進(jìn)行多角度全方位的發(fā)散性思維訓(xùn)練,培養(yǎng)自己靈活運(yùn)用語言的能力。如’97NMET中的第二個(gè)要點(diǎn)“在十字路口被兩人攔住”就可以有以下不同的表達(dá)方式:1)When getting to the crossroads, we were stopped by a man and a girl. 2)At the crossroads, we were stopped by a young man and a lady. 3)When we reached (got to) the crossroads, a young man and a girl came up and stopped us.寫作時(shí)要用自己最熟練、把握最大的“拿手句”,如果確有疑難,應(yīng)“繞道而行”,改用近義句。沒有把握的句子要盡量少寫或不寫,寫不出的句子絕不要硬寫,最忌不顧英語句型生搬硬套,甚至胡編亂造。(二)流暢為好評價(jià)一篇作文好壞的一條重要原則就是“上下文連貫”,讓讀者有一種“通篇流暢、一氣呵成”的感覺。這就要有效地使用語句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,行文連貫。為達(dá)此目的,要時(shí)刻注意
篇五:考研英語作文各類體裁作文模板
考研英語作文各類體裁作文模板
第一類 圖畫類模板
一. 分解句型模板
A 常用開頭模板
1. As is described in the picture…
2. The purpose of the picture is to show us that…
3. We can deduce from the picture that…
4. The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that…
5. As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between … and …
6. It is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon that…
7. In the above cartoons, we can see that…, which shows…
8. Through this picture, the drawer wants to …
9. The image serve to remind us that…
10. The first cartoon shows that…, and the other cartoon shows that…
11. Nowadays, … as is obviously depicted in the cartoon, …
12. We can see from the cartoon that…
13. As is shown in the picture … therefore. We can see the phenomenon that there is a growing popularity of …
14. Indicated above are pictures that…
15. The cartoon presents…
16. The picture really wants to reveal that…
17.It seems without saying that the picture reflects that…
18. As is known in the picture, we can see…
19. In the first drawing, … In contrast, …
20. The picture presents us that…
21. The meaning of the picture is …
22. As we all know that …, which is obviously shown in the above two pictures.
B. 常用主體模板
1. More and more people have come to realize …
2. Now it is commonly held that…, but I doubt whether …
3. No wonder most see the problem of … as that of … rather than that of …
4. Anyone with the least common sense knows that…
5. There is much discussion today about…
6. Thanks to…, more and more …
7. There are also many samples of such phenomenon can be seen in the modern society, for example,
8. Despite … As we all know, …
9. From the image we should …
10. It is not difficult job for us to make clear the meaning of the cartoons; we can see that…
11. … was related to the following reasons.
12. Obviously, the cartoonist is sending information about…
13. The cartoon represents an obvious phenomenon in today’s society. On the one hand…, on the other hand, …
14.The artist’s purpose for drawing these pictures is to explain…
15. It is most likely that the artist means to …
16. In our daily life, there are many good examples to illustrate this phenomenon. The most important one is …
17. Obviously, the picture indicates that…
18. Undoubtedly, we can deduce from the portrayal that…
C. 常用結(jié)尾模板
1. As more and more people …, much attention should be placed on…
2. If such measures were not taken, the problem of … would have been more serious.
3. On the surface/ At first thought it may seem a sound / an attractive /suggestion/ solution/ idea, but careful weighing on the mind / on closer analysis/ on second thought, we find that…
4. Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that…
5. Unless there is a common realization of …, it is very likely that…
6. No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of …, but the common recognition of the necessity of … might be the first step towards change in the right direction.
7. There are many examples to …, the best way to …, I think, is to…
8. In conclusion, it is essential for us to …
9. As far as I am concerned, it is high time of us to take some effective measures to…
10. This drawing reminds me a lot. On the one hand, …, on the other hand, …
11. I hold this fact that …to be self-evident.
12. In my opinion, it is better…
13. The best way for us to…
14. If you want to …, you had better …All in all, …
15. Since …, we should …
16. Personally, I side with the former opinion. It is Not necessary for …
17. There is an old proverb / saying that …
18. That is to say we should …, and we also should…
19. From our daily life, we can come to the conclusion that …
20. Only in this way can we ...
二.經(jīng)典全文模板
1. It is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon that _______ while _____ . However, ________. It is obvious that _____________.
It goes without any doubt that the drawer intends to tell us that ____________. There are also many samples of such phenomenon that can be seen in the modern society. For example, ________.
In our daily life, we can come to the conclusion that ________. Only in this, _________. 分析: 描述圖畫中的內(nèi)容
具體分析圖畫中的深刻寓意和影響
我們從中得出的結(jié)論和教訓(xùn)
2. In the above cartoons, we can see that _______, which shows ___________. In the next illustration __________.
Despite __________. As we all know, _________.
There is an old proverb saying that _________. That is to say we should _________, and we also should __________.
分析:描述漫畫中的信息
轉(zhuǎn)折提出真正的寓意
舉例說明我們應(yīng)該怎么做。
3. This is a very ridiculous picture of ________. As we all know _________. More and more people tend to __________ because __________.
The best advantage of _____ are obvious to some people. For one thing, in terms of ______, __________. As a result, ________. Consequently, _______. For another thing, ________.
Personally, I side with the former opinion. It is (not) necessary for _________. However, ___________.
分析:描述圖畫并揭示寓意
分析原因及各種現(xiàn)象帶來的影響
個(gè)人的評論
4. In the cartoon, _________. Through this picture, the drawer wants to ________.
In my opinion, ___________. In the first point, _________. In the second point, ________. Last but not least, _______________.
Since ___________. We should ___________. On the one hand, _________. On the other hand, ___________. Only in this ____________.
分析:講述圖畫的內(nèi)容, 揭示作者的意圖。
提出自己的看法
通過分析說明我們應(yīng)該如何做
5. The image above vividly depicts _______. The images serves to remind us that_________.
From the images we should_________. As we all know _________has become a topic of heated debate in recent years. While it is _________. Unfortunately, _________.
People must be _________. ( While_________, we must _________ ) .
分析:描述圖畫的內(nèi)容以及給我們的提醒。
分析問題產(chǎn)生的原因。
我們應(yīng)該如何做!
6. The first cartoon shows that _________, and the other cartoon shows that _________. The above images _________.
It is not difficult job for us to make clear the meaning of the cartoon, we can see that _________. _________should not only _________but also should_________.
As far as I am concerned, _________.
分析:描述每張圖片給我們帶來的信息。
通過信息得到的`真正寓意。
個(gè)人評論。
7. Nowadays, _________, as is obviously depicted in the cartoon, _________. With the development of _________, obviously, _________.
But/However, _________, it is _________ and perhaps __________, but it __________. Therefore, if _________, don’t __________.
分析: 通過現(xiàn)實(shí)對圖畫中的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行說明。
轉(zhuǎn)折, 具體分析原因
總結(jié)
8. This picture shows _________. We can see from the cartoon that _________. Thus, ________.However, _______ is tricky topic. Some people _________.
This will not help them __________, because _________. What’s more, ___________.
In my opinion, ____________.
分析:描述圖畫的內(nèi)容
說明這一現(xiàn)象給大家?guī)淼挠绊憽?/p>
說明自己的觀點(diǎn)。
9. As is shown in the picture, __________. Therefore, we can see the phenomenon that there is a growing popularity of __________. An increasing number of __________, and has become one of the most important part in their daily life.
__________ has attracted __________ was related to the following reasons. First, __________. Besides, __________, for example, __________. But, __________.
In my mind, in the __________ age, we can stay that if __________. If you want to __________, you had better __________. All in all, __________.
分析:描述圖畫, 從圖中看到了什么現(xiàn)象。
說明導(dǎo)致這個(gè)現(xiàn)象的原因。
個(gè)人評論, 總結(jié)。
10. Indicated above are pictures that show __________. From the left picture we can see that __________.As the caption says, “__________.” From the right picture, we can see that __________. We are informed that, __________.
Obviously, the cartoonist is sending information about __________. That is to say __________. It is just like __________.
The best way for us to __________.. The fact that __________.
分析:具體描述圖畫的內(nèi)容, 從中得到寓意。
漫畫家想表達(dá)的寓意。
我們該如何去面對。
11. The cartoon presents __________. The picture really wants to reveal that __________. The cartoon, no doubt, aims at __________. However, __________.
In my opinion, it is better __________. Besides, __________.
In short, __________.
分析:描述漫畫內(nèi)容和要揭示的主題。
進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)漫畫的寓意。
個(gè)人評論
12. In the modern society, more and more people begin to worry about __________, just like what the cartoon showed.
The cartoon represents an obvious phenomenon in today’s society. On the one hand, __________. On the other hand, __________.
In my opinion, __________. In addition, __________.
分析:通過現(xiàn)實(shí)對圖畫中的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行說明。
圖畫帶來的真正寓意。
個(gè)人評論。
13. The cartoon symbolically depicts that __________. But there are __________.
There is no doubt that __________. From one point, __________, for example, __________. From another point, __________. In many cases __________. Therefore, we can say that __________.
In my opinion, __________. On the one hand, __________. On the other hand, __________. Only in this way __________.
分析:描述漫畫內(nèi)容。
揭示漫畫的寓意,從方面進(jìn)行說明。
說明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。
C. 真題套用范例
Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1. describe the drawing briefly,
2. explain its intended meaning, and then
3. give your comments.
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2 (20 points)
篇六:初中英語作文題材
(一)如何寫提建議的短文
在書面表達(dá)中,經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)針對某人,某事提建議的寫作要求。在寫此類短文時(shí),常常注意以下幾點(diǎn):
、僬莆粘S镁湫停鶕(jù)提供的情景、提示等,明確需要提的建議,咱展開合理的寫作 要求語氣委婉、有禮貌。② 在寫作過程中,要先對表述的觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)自己的看法,然后提出自己的建議和意見, ③注意所提出的建議和意見要有條理性,邏輯性。④最后還要有總結(jié)的語言來歸納自己的觀點(diǎn)。
典例精析
假如你是李玲,是英國中學(xué)生露西Lucy的筆友,你收到了她的電子郵件。請根據(jù)她來信的內(nèi)容寫一封70詞左右的回信。針對她的困惑,談?wù)勀愕目捶ǎ瑫r(shí)提出一些建議,告訴她應(yīng)該做什么,不應(yīng)該做什么。
范文模板:
Hi,Lucy,Nice to hear from you. Everyone has his favorite stars and there's nothing wrong with that. I understand you. But I don't think what you do is right since you are a student. You'd better read more interesting books and have more sports in your free time. Stop writing to him and watching his films. You may also tell your problem to your parents and teachers. I 'm sure they'll help you. Running away to Hollywood is a wrong idea. Work hard on your lessons and get ready for the exams. Your future is in you mind.Yours,Li Ling
練習(xí):
據(jù)報(bào)道,中學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)有所下降,這一情況已經(jīng)引起了全社會(huì)的關(guān)注和教育部門的高度重視。請你根據(jù)下面的要點(diǎn)和要求,用英語寫一篇80次左右的短文。
要點(diǎn):⑴鍛煉身體的好處:to be strong, healthy ,energetic...
、棋憻捝眢w的方式: playing ball games, running, swimming...
、菍W(xué)校開展體育鍛煉的看法和建議(至少寫兩點(diǎn))
要求:⑴內(nèi)容必須包括以上全部要點(diǎn),課適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;
、崎_頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
⑶語句通順,意思連貫,條理清晰,字跡工整;
、任闹胁坏贸霈F(xiàn)真實(shí)校名及姓名
Health is very important to us teenagers.
(二)如何描寫發(fā)生在我們周圍的事件
近幾年各地中考英語試卷中寫作題材大多是比較熱門的事件,其主要的特點(diǎn)是貼近時(shí)代,貼近學(xué)生們的日常生活。寫我們周圍發(fā)生的事件的步驟。首先,要明確每個(gè)人都有可能遇到這樣或那樣的困難,寫作時(shí)要點(diǎn)明是什么具體困難,產(chǎn)生這種困難的原因和結(jié)果;其次,要學(xué)會(huì)勇敢地面對困難,以積極的態(tài)度去克服困難,或鼓勵(lì)他人勇敢地面對困難,并給出解決 這些困難的方法;最后,表達(dá)對未來的美好憧憬。
典例精析:
俗話說:“予人玫瑰,手留余香”。在我們的日常生活中,我們會(huì)遇到各種困難,因此,我們會(huì)需要他人的幫助,但同時(shí),我們也要學(xué)會(huì)幫助他人。其實(shí),幫助他人就是在幫助自己。請你結(jié)合身邊的事例,以“幫助”為話題,用英語寫一篇短文。
注意:⑴ 無需寫標(biāo)題,開頭已經(jīng)給出,但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
、莆闹幸Y(jié)合你幫助別人或別人幫助你的一件事例;
、俏闹胁坏猛嘎度魏蝹(gè)人和學(xué)校的真實(shí)信息;
、仍~數(shù)80左右。
As the saying goes, roses given, fragrance in hand. In our daily life ,we will meet with a lot of trouble. So it is necessary for us to help those who are in trouble.
I still remember I helped one of my classmates with his English when we were in the first term of Grade Eight. Li Hua , one of my classmates, was not good at English while I did well. One day, he asked me to help him. So from then on ,whenever he had problems, he would asked me, and I was patient to explain them to him. Slowly, his English improved with my help. At the same time, I found my English improved, too.
Actually, helping others is helping ourselves.
練習(xí)
在和諧社會(huì)里,人與人之間的互幫互助已構(gòu)成我們生活中的重要組成部分。下周,英國友好學(xué)校將來 你校訪問,你校英語俱樂部將舉行一次以“Helping each other makes the word wonderful"為題的英語演講比賽,假如你是李智,要參加演講比賽,請你用英語寫一篇演講稿。 提示:(1)幫助同學(xué)——友誼;(2)幫助老人——快樂(3)幫助病人——幸福;(4)幫助別人,體會(huì)······
要求:80詞左右,正文開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Helping each other makes the word wonderful
Hello,everyone. I'm Li Zhi. It's nice to speak about help here.
(三)如何寫議論文
議論文又稱為說理文,是作者通過事實(shí)材料和邏輯推理對某個(gè)問題或某件事表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、立場、態(tài)度、看法或主張的一種問體。議論文的主要表達(dá)方式是議論,但有時(shí)也要結(jié)合說明,敘述、描寫等手法。
英語議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)一般較為固定,通常包括以下三部分:開頭(引論)→正文(本論)→結(jié)尾(結(jié)論)。在開頭部分提出 需要議論的議題:在正文部分對所提出的的議題進(jìn)行議論;
在結(jié)論部分對以上的討論進(jìn)行總結(jié)和歸納。遵循提出問題、分析問題、解決問題的邏輯順序,即“三段式結(jié)構(gòu)”。
在寫作過程中,可以用關(guān)聯(lián)詞和相關(guān)句型列舉事實(shí)依據(jù),采用正反對比貨歸納推理的方法,證明所持觀點(diǎn)的正確性及表明所持態(tài)度。用表示因果關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞、總結(jié)性的語句來強(qiáng) 調(diào)和重申提出的觀點(diǎn)。
典例精析
現(xiàn)在,每家每戶至少有一臺(tái)電視機(jī),電視已經(jīng)成了人們生活中不可或缺的一部分。
。2)80詞左右。
Now every family has at least one TV at home. Is TV good or bad for usIt has both
advantages and disadvantages.
We can't live happily without television. First, it can give us the latest information and news. It can also open up our eyes and give us more and more knowledge. Second, we can spend our free time watching our favorite TV shows. What's more, after a whole day's hard work or study we can sit before the television and drink a cup of tea to relax ourselves. How wonderful it is! But, television is bad for our health. It's bad for us to watch TV too long, especially bad for our eyes. At the same time ,if we spend too much time on TV, we will have less time to do sports or do our own important things.
In my opinion, we should watch TV properly and don't be addicted to it too much.
練習(xí)
如今,隨著電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的日益普及,許多中學(xué)生也開始上網(wǎng)。針對該不該中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)的問題,不同的人有不同的看法。你覺得應(yīng)不應(yīng)該允許中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)呢?就請此寫一篇論文,談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?0詞左右。
篇七:四種題材的英語作文
描述文4
Spring gradually returned to the earth, was the spring of the girl wake up again gradually active in the earth up. It was covered with flowers district filled with rich floral and that not only sounds, but also a wonderful Xiaosheng, I am relaxed and happy.
春季逐漸返回地球,是女孩的春天再次醒來逐漸活躍在地球。覆蓋花區(qū)洋溢著濃郁的花香,這并不是唯一的聲音,但也是一個(gè)美妙的蕭聲,我心曠神怡
I am afraid to break the share of quiet, intoxicated with the step by step, and slowly down the marble staircase that smooth, that the beauty of spring, that spring
immediately to my eye: a small flower bud in the spring when the girl came out of a change Duo beautiful winter jasmine, it seems that one after another of the golden Shakes the Barley, gently in the wind, it is like a lively little speakers are just playing the wonderful music it! The winter jasmine neighbor has just stuck your head out soon, they are the world's fastest-growing, very tenacious vitality of tall bamboo plants, their straight to keep the basketball court next to the guard is not only the
audience, looked very imposing. Wind, light leisurely way across their faces bamboo, bamboo in the ground trembled slightly, I really like in yelled out: "Go, go, must not lose!"
這段講了作者眼中的春天的美景一個(gè)小花蕾在春天當(dāng)女孩來到出的變化朵美麗的迎春花,它似乎是一個(gè)又一個(gè)的金色麥浪,在風(fēng)中輕輕地,它像一個(gè)活潑的小喇叭演奏美妙的音樂吧!迎春花鄰居剛剛探出頭,很快,他們是世界上增長最快,修竹植物生命力很頑強(qiáng),他們不僅是觀眾直保持在籃球場上后衛(wèi)旁邊,看上去非常有氣勢
Look at that side of several happy children, are playing 老鷹捉小雞 it! Nazhi
awkward "eagle" left right hop hop kept on holding clever in a "chick" it! After a very long time, "Eagles" tired sweating profusely, or nothing. Suddenly a "chick" dodgy
caught behind the success was an eagle, only the poor, "chick" a butt sitting on the ground Wawadaku, everyone in this moment with a laugh ... ...
這段講了幾個(gè)孩子在玩老鷹抓小雞的游戲。
I walked, kept trained on a sheet descending from the sky to collect samples of leaves and enjoy with ulterior motives in a red corner edge of the apricot in the springtime beauty of the contests, and they are playing it who is the most beautiful! Felt the kids happy mood. At this point, I was reminded of the beautiful spring of the Southern Song Dynasty poet Ye Shao Weng, "not worth the Garden" in the poem: Spring beauties lock in limitless, an affair, come. Ah! I love the beauty of spring. But I love spring, it is encouraging, urging them motivated share of the good mood. 這段主要講了作者借用南唐詩人葉邵翁的詩抒發(fā)了自己對春天的思想情感。 記敘文4
A Welcome Back Celebration
Yang Ling is my fellow classmate and friend. Recently she had a terrible condition and has been hospitalized for over a month. She was depressed, sad and downhearted. She told us so many things are working against her, and she didn’t know how to change and redirect herself.
這段講了作者得到同學(xué)因身體條件不好住院一個(gè)多月了,此時(shí)的他很很迷茫不知如何給自己重新定位。
The day before she was released from hospital, we, some of her friends decided to give a surprise to cheer her up the next day. That night, she came back, shoulders bent and head fallen. She was so deep in her bad mood that she didn’t realize that her dorm is the only one in the building that is dark. She turned the key in the lock and opened the door when the room was suddenly lit like a bright day. Her eyes sparkled with
delight and surprise. She saw all her classmates crowded in this tiny room. Everyone was holding something in his hand, flowers, fruits, cards, cheering, “Welcome
back!”She was so moved that she burst into tears. And smile returned to her pretty face. She said “Thank you all.” heartedly.
這段講了他的朋友們?yōu)榱俗屗褡髌饋,在他出院前一天給了他一個(gè)驚喜。 Ever since that day, happiness and delight have stayed with her. Life is so wonderful. 自從那天以后,幸福和喜悅,和她呆在一起。生命是如此的美妙
議論文4
As students, we always have a lot of exams/tests every term. Tests are used nowadays to check/examine/measure how well /effectively students study. Exams are a very useful and important educational tool of measurement. 這段講了作為學(xué)生,我們總是有很多的檢查/測試,每學(xué)期。測試采用了時(shí)下檢查/檢驗(yàn)/測量/有效學(xué)生?荚囀且粋(gè)非常有用和重要的教育測量工具。
However, exams have some side effects of their own. First, some exams can’t reflect the real progress students make. Second, too difficult or too many exams force students to cheat in exams. Too many exams force students to study for the sake of exams only, to name just a few.
這段講舉列說明考試對學(xué)生們產(chǎn)生的副作用。
In my opinion, advantages of exams far outweigh their disadvantages. Despite their side effects, exams can on the whole check and show how well students study scientifically and accurately. At least so far there has been not any method that take their place in education. Besides, exams seem to be fair to all students as they are
objective and everyone is equal before test results.
這段講了作者對考試的一些看法和見解。
To conclude, exams may continue to exist in our education for a long time before they are replaced by some better measurement methods. 這段總括而言,考試可能會(huì)繼續(xù)在我們的教育中存在一些更好的測量方法所取代,之前很長一段時(shí)間。
說明文4
Almost all of us heard the story "Here Comes the Wolf" when we were little kids. What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest. However, there're lots of phenomena of dishonesty nowadays.
這段通過舉灰太狼的列子來引出了文章的主旨有關(guān)誠實(shí)現(xiàn)象。
Being dishonest does great harm not only to other people but also to yourself. Take the case of fake milk powder for example. After drinking this kind of milk, the babies had big heads while their legs and arms were still thin, which badly affected their health. To our great relief, the producers got accused and punished for all the serious consequences in the end.
這段講了不誠實(shí)的危害舉列說明如見奶粉事件對嬰兒造成的危害。
Having the reputation of being honest and reliable will make other people trust you, which will provide you many benefits and give you opportunities that others may not get. Being honest, you will find it easier to cooperate with others and people will be friendly to you and support you. In a sense, if life is a longjourney, honesty will be the backpack that should be taken along all the way.
這段講了誠實(shí)可靠的聲譽(yù)將讓別人信任你,這將為您提供很多好處,給你機(jī)會(huì),別人可能不會(huì)得到。從某種意義上說,如果生命是一個(gè)longjourney,誠信將是一路沿應(yīng)采取的背包
Let's pick up our "backpack" -- honesty, and start the wonderful journey! 讓我們拿起我們的“背包” - 誠信,并開始了奇妙的旅程!
篇八:高考英語作文各類題材范例模式
高考英語作文(完美萬能結(jié)構(gòu))
1對比觀點(diǎn)題型
敘述兩個(gè)對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。
1. 有一些人認(rèn)為...
2. 另一些人認(rèn)為...
3. 我的看法...
The topic of ①-----------------(主題)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------(理由二). Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)). The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
。2) 給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)
Some people believe that ①----------------(觀點(diǎn)一). For example, they think ②-----------------(舉例說明).And it will bring them ③-----------------(為他們帶來的好處).
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意該看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反對的理由之二).
Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我對文章所討論主題的看法).
2闡述主題題型
要求從一句話或一個(gè)主題出發(fā),按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述.
。保 闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義.
2. 分析并舉例使其更充實(shí).
The good old proverb ----------------(名言或諺語)reminds us that ----------------(釋義). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(舉例說明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(舉例說明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三).
In my opinion, ----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
3.解決方法題型
要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑
。保 問題現(xiàn)狀
2. 怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(說明A的現(xiàn)狀).Second, ---------------(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the
situation. For one thing, ---------------(解決方法一). For another -------------(解決方法二). Finally, --------------(解決方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解決方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(帶來的好處).
4.說明利弊題型
這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀,再對比事物本身的利弊,有時(shí)也會(huì)單從一個(gè)角度(利或弊)出發(fā),最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度(或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測)
1. 說明事物現(xiàn)狀
。玻 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)(或一方面)
3. 你對現(xiàn)狀(或前景)的看法
模板1 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一). Besides -------------------(A的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二).
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(對前景的預(yù)測).)
模板2
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文題目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)一______. And secondly ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺點(diǎn)一______. In addition, ____缺點(diǎn)二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.
5.不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型(對比型或選擇型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點(diǎn)一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___觀點(diǎn)二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一
_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點(diǎn)二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點(diǎn)一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
6. 答題性議論文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文題目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途徑一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
7.諺語警句性議論文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___諺語_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____諺語的含義_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
8.圖表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
9.實(shí)用性寫作(申請信 )
Your address
Month, Date, year
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.
.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.
I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
Best regards for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
X X X
10.現(xiàn)象說明文
Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is true that__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________. What is more_____________________. Thirdly________________________. As a result_______________.
Considering all these, ________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another____________.
In Conclusion____________________.
11.記敘文
記敘文是敘述人物的經(jīng)歷或事物發(fā)展變化的過程為主的一種文體。起主要表現(xiàn)形式是記人、敘事。高考英語作文中,包括故事、游記、人物介紹、新聞報(bào)道、看圖作文。等看參照下面模板:
Everyone has an unforgettable memory and will never remove it in his mind. To me ,it happened ____________( when and where),and I still remember the whole process vividly. At that time, I was_________(doing what)。 It was a sunny day and things were ______(修飾形容詞) before it happened.Then__________( event )drew my attention. I saw______(詳細(xì)說明當(dāng)時(shí)情況),and to my surprise/astonishment/joy/ excitement….._________( who ) was ____________( doing sth) .It did not last very long ,but it impressed me so deeply in my heart that I would _____________( how you felt then)
Whenever I look back upon what happened that day, I suppose it is right to ________( 理應(yīng)采取的措施或態(tài)度之一)。 First of all ,no one can deny his/her _________( remarks on the person at that time). Futhermore, it is important for me/us to __________(措施或態(tài)度二)。I will cherish (珍惜) all those good memories for ever .
12.書信作文模板
Your address
Month, Date, year
Receiver's addressDear …,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____.
……
I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
Best regards for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
X X X
13.話題作文
Nowadays, there are more and more __ _ in __ _. It is estimated that ___. Why have there been so many ____Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.
The first one is ______. Besides,_____. The third one is _____. To sum up, the main cause of it is due to _____. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,_____. For another thing, _____. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of _____.
14.闡述主題題型
要求從一句話或一個(gè)主題出發(fā),按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述.
1. 闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義.
2. 分析并舉例使其更充實(shí).
The good old proverb ----------------(名言或諺語)reminds us that ----------------(釋義). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(舉例說明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(舉例說明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三).
15解決方法題型
要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑
1. 問題現(xiàn)狀
2. 怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(說明A的現(xiàn)狀).Second, ---------------(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解決方法一). For another -------------(解決方法二). Finally, --------------(解決方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解決方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(帶來的好處).
篇九:英語文章的體裁 [1500字]
根據(jù)不同文體的文章培養(yǎng)英語閱讀能力 議論文 ,記敘文,應(yīng)用文,新聞?lì)愇恼,科普文,說明文 我們把英語閱讀教學(xué)過程大致劃分為五個(gè)步驟:
以閱讀能力培養(yǎng)為主線,同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行思維和表達(dá)的能力,從整體入手感知文本,把握文章主旨與層次結(jié)構(gòu);然后把握詞匯與語法知識(shí),對文章作深入細(xì)致理解;最后再采用綜合方法,達(dá)到整體全面地理解
1. 議論文的特點(diǎn)
議論文是作者對某個(gè)問題或某件事情進(jìn)行分析、評論,表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、立場、態(tài)度、看法和主張的一種文體。這類文章或從正面提出某種見解、主張,或是駁斥別人的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。
1.歸納法,既從分析典型,即分析個(gè)別事物入手,找出事物的共同特點(diǎn),然后得出結(jié)論。
2.演繹法,即從一般原理出發(fā),對個(gè)別事物進(jìn)行說明、分析,而后得出結(jié)論。
3. 對照法即對所有事實(shí)、方面進(jìn)行對照,然后加以分析,得出結(jié)論。
4. 駁論法,即先列出錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn),然后加以逐條批駁,最后闡明自己的觀點(diǎn)。
(二)記敘文
記敘文的幾個(gè)要素
人物,時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),發(fā)生的事件,再介紹怎樣發(fā)展的,
最后是為什么是這樣,通過文章升華出什么人生哲理,作者的意圖是什么?
(三)應(yīng)用文
應(yīng)用文閱讀屬于信息性閱讀,主要目的在于獲取某方面的信息,其試題大多數(shù)是客觀性較強(qiáng)的表層理解題,比較容易直接在文章中找到答案。多注意細(xì)節(jié),如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物或數(shù)據(jù)等。
(四)科普文
科普類文章是英語考試閱讀理解中必不可少的題材,以介紹某一科學(xué)
現(xiàn)象居多。在高中英語教科書中,科普類文章占有大量的篇幅。
。ㄎ澹┱f明文
說明文是客觀的說明事物的一種文體,它以說明這種表達(dá)方式為主,按照一定的要求解說事物或事理的文章。
閱讀說明文的方法
1. 下定義:有時(shí)為了突出事物的主要內(nèi)容或主要問題,往往用簡明扼要的話給對象一個(gè)說法,使讀者對被說明的對象有明確的概念。
2. 舉事例: 舉出有代表性的恰當(dāng)?shù)睦?能夠反映一般的情況,真切地說明事物特征。
3. 做比較 : 選擇有外部或內(nèi)部聯(lián)系的事物進(jìn)行比較,往往
能增強(qiáng)說明事物的效果。
4. 打比方: 適當(dāng)運(yùn)用比喻,能夠增強(qiáng)說明的形象性和生動(dòng)性。
5. 列數(shù)字: 通過閱讀大量的說明文,學(xué)生總結(jié)歸納出常見的說明順序:
1.空間順序。空間順序就是按照被說明對象的空間存在形式,或自上而下,或由前到后,或從外到里,或由某一中心點(diǎn)向四面擴(kuò)散開去呈輻射式……按一定的順序?qū)κ挛镒鹘榻B。運(yùn)用這種順序,文中常會(huì)出現(xiàn)東、西、南、北、里、外、左、右等方位詞。
2.時(shí)間順序。這是指以時(shí)間的先后作為說明的一種順序。
3.邏輯順序。邏輯順序是指按照事物內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系或人們認(rèn)識(shí)事物的過程、規(guī)律來進(jìn)行說明的一種順序。
1.總分式。在說明事物或事理時(shí),段落(層次)之間有一個(gè)總分關(guān)系,表現(xiàn)為由總到分、由分到總。
2.承接式。各層之間按照事物的發(fā)展過程,或者按時(shí)間、因果、條件等關(guān)系安排,前后相互承接。
3.遞進(jìn)式。后邊在前邊的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步說明,各層之間的關(guān)系是由淺入深。
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