12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試真題答案（2012）
同學(xué)們開始準(zhǔn)備英語四級(jí)考試了嗎?寒假是一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)英語的好時(shí)間，別錯(cuò)過了啊，以下百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理了2012年12月的英語四級(jí)考試真題答案，僅供參考!
Part I Writing
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版：
The above bar chart clearly shows us education pays in 2010.We see that one with higher education background earns more money weekly than those with lower ones.For instance, the college students with no degree get paid$712 per week whereas those with a Bachelor’s degree can earn $1038.
Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon.To begin with, compared with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work.Also, the higher one’s education degree is, the bigger platform he will have to show his ability.For example, his college, university, or research institute will organize various job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.
This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.Therefore, substantial education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to build our country and strive for a better life for ourselves.
高分版：
Education Pays
Judging from the table, we can see that people’s income increases along with their education levels.Above all，the average college graduates earn much more than the typical high-school graduates.
The fact revealed by these data is obvious: a degree does bring distinctive financial benefits to its holders.But is it true that a degree alone can ensure a bright future? I don’t think so because, on the one hand, the financial value of high education depends heavily on what skills graduates can gain from it instead of the degree itself.After all, an employer only pays for your ability and performance, not for your certificate.On the other hand, the most valuable bless high education brings to graduates is the ability to learn quickly and efficiently.People received more education tend to keep lifelong learning habits after their graduation, which would help them gain more opportunities in their career path.
In conclusion, what accounts for education pays is not the degree alone, but the graduate’s ability and leaning habit.
作文B：
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版：
Education Pays
The above bar chart clearly shows us education pays in 2010.We see that unemployment rate of those with higher education background is much lower than those with lower education degree.For instance, the unemployment rate of college students with no degree is as high as 14.9% while that of those with doctoral degree is only 1.9%.
The followingreason, in my opinion, is the most important one to account for this phenomenon.Compared with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which make them more qualified and competent for their task.Thus, they are less likely to lose their jobs.
This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.Therefore, education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to avoid unemployment.
高分版：
Education Pays
As is shown in the table, the unemployment rate decreases steadily as the education level increases.The fact revealed by the statistics is obvious: graduates with a degree are less likely to be unemployed.
What has brought about this effect? I believe there are three main reasons.To begin with, the education level is still the top factor that employers would take into account when selecting job candidates.It is believed that people with a college degree tend to be more intelligent and qualified.In addition, as a result of good learning habit formed during college, job hunters with high education background are also more efficient in acquiring and processing job hunting information.Finally, college education equips graduates with specialized skills, leading to greater attachment to the company they are employed and higher possibility to be reemployed even if they leave their previous company.
In conclusion, it is the qualifications, learning habit and specialized skills that high education equip a graduate that make one distinctive in labor market.
【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版點(diǎn)評(píng)】
這次四級(jí)作文出了圖表題，可能讓大家有些意外，但是四六級(jí)考察圖表作文已經(jīng)并不是第一次，早在2002年的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過，是圖表+提綱的形式，圖表反應(yīng)的是大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的情況。由于備考時(shí)大家只是關(guān)注近幾年的題型，可能沒有關(guān)注到以往考察過圖表作文。
我們?cè)趥淇甲魑牡臅r(shí)候，一般會(huì)從以下幾個(gè)方面著手準(zhǔn)備，如何描述現(xiàn)象、如何分析原因、如何分析影響、如何給出解決措施、如何進(jìn)行觀點(diǎn)論戰(zhàn)等。其實(shí)，圖表作文也是從這幾個(gè)方面展開，只是將第一段的描述現(xiàn)象改為描述圖表即可�？梢�，無論是考察哪種作文題，我們都可以將它轉(zhuǎn)化為我們熟悉的提綱式。
這次作文題目有兩個(gè)版本。題目都是Educational Pays(教育回報(bào))，一個(gè)版本的圖表顯示的是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一個(gè)版本的圖表顯示的是教育水平越高，失業(yè)率越低。
雖然圖表描述的具體內(nèi)容不同，但主題是一致的：教育是值得投資的。寫作思路也是一致的。
兩篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。
第一段：描述圖表。先一句話引出圖表總體內(nèi)容The above bar chart clearly shows us … 然后具體描述現(xiàn)象We see that…最后用for instance引出一些具體數(shù)據(jù)來例證現(xiàn)象。
第二段：分析原因。先寫一個(gè)引出原因的句子，然后具體列舉一到兩個(gè)原因即可。由于字?jǐn)?shù)限制，原因不必列太多。
第三段：給出建議。先是總結(jié)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.(教育值得投資)。然后是建議國家增大教育投資，以及個(gè)人要努力學(xué)習(xí)。
這種三段式的寫作模式容易掌握，在考場(chǎng)中比較實(shí)用，建議大家仿寫。
【高分版點(diǎn)評(píng)】
本次四級(jí)作文圍繞著同一個(gè)話題，education pay(教育回報(bào))，出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)版本，一個(gè)是教育和失業(yè)率的關(guān)系，另一個(gè)是教育和收入的關(guān)系。就話題而言，命題難度并不高，選用的是貼近考生實(shí)際生活的熟悉話題。形式上則采取圖表作文的形式，圖表作文在四級(jí)考試中較少出現(xiàn)，很多考生可能剛拿到題目會(huì)束手無策，但是只要考生仔細(xì)閱讀題目，就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，除了需要簡(jiǎn)單描述圖表之外，其寫作思路和話題作文非常類似。
寫好這篇作文，主要抓住三點(diǎn)：
首先，描述圖表內(nèi)容。對(duì)于柱狀圖，抓住橫抽和縱軸之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)數(shù)字的變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行總體描述即可。用詞不宜超過總字?jǐn)?shù)的1/3。
其次，要一句話揭示圖表背后的隱含意思，引入文章的立意。
最后，文章的立意可以采取兩種思路，保守的寫法是直接闡釋產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)象的原因，如寫失業(yè)率那篇范文;另一個(gè)則是，根據(jù)圖表上的結(jié)果，借題發(fā)揮，發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)，如寫收入的那篇范文。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1.H
2.D
3.A
4.E
5.B
6.D
7.C
8.I
9.G
10.F
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.
W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town.There are a lot of roses in bloom.
M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves?
Q: What will the speakers probably do?
答案：C.Go to the park to enjoy the flowers.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：對(duì)話中女士介紹了一處漂亮的公園，從男士的回答“為什么不去看看呢?”可以判斷，接下去兩人可能會(huì)去這個(gè)公園。see for 看見
12.
M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall.I hope to see you there.
W: Oh, sorry.I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow.
Q: What do we learn about the woman?
答案：C.She cannot attend the presentation.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，女士九點(diǎn)要去看牙醫(yī)，無法參加男士的講座了。
13.
W: How long have you been running this company?
M: Twenty years if you can believe that.I brought it from a small operation to what it is today.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
答案：B.He is a very successful businessman.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，男士經(jīng)營(yíng)這家公司20年了，而且成功把公司從一家小公司發(fā)展到了現(xiàn)在較大的規(guī)模。run v.經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理
14.
M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.
W: I knew she would from the very beginning.Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it.
Q: What does the woman mean?
答案：D.She has every confidence in Susan.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，女士一直很看好Susan, 覺得她肯定能拿到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。sb.deserves it.某人應(yīng)得的。
15.
W: Taking a bus to Miami, it’s cheaper than going by train.
M: That’s true.But I’d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience.
Q: What does the man mean?
答案：D.It is worth the money taking a train to Miami.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，坐車去邁阿密比火車便宜，但火車更舒適便捷。
16.
M: I think it’s time we got rid of all this old furniture.
W: You’re right.We need to promote our image besides it’s not a real antique.
Q: What do the speakers mean?
答案：C.The old furniture should be replaced.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，男士和女士都認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把舊家具換掉，以改善形象。對(duì)話中有些生詞，但不影響對(duì)主要含義的把握，可以忽略。
get rid of 處理掉
17.
M: That was some storm yesterday.How was I afraid I couldn’t make it home.
W: Yeah, most of the roads to my house were flooded.I didn’t get home from the lab until midnight.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
答案：B.The man got home late due to the storm.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，昨天有暴風(fēng)雨，女士擔(dān)心自己回不了家，男士直到半夜才回家。
18.
W: My boys are always complaining that they’re bored.
M: Why don’t you get them into some team sports? My son and daughter play soccer every Saturday.And they both look forward to it all week.
Q: What does the man mean?
答案：A.The woman’s sons might enjoy team sports.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：從對(duì)話中可知，男士建議女士可以讓自己的兒子們參加一些團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，這樣他們就不會(huì)覺得無聊了。
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard
W: So John, I hear you and Arthur share a job, don’t you?
M: Yes.We’ve shared a sales job at Sonatechfor about two years now.
W: Well, how do you divide up your schedule?
M: You know we are both sales representatives, and we take orders over the phone.When we started job sharing it was difficult, because we both worked all day Monday.I worked Tuesday and Thursday and Arthur worked Wednesday and Friday.The problem was that when I was in the office on Tuesday.I would talk to people, then they would call back on Wednesday with a question.But Arthur couldn’t answer the question and he couldn’t ask me about it because I wasn’t in the office.So he had to ask the people to call me back the next day, Thursday.Of course, they didn’t like to wait until the next day to have their questions answered.
W: Yes, that sounds like a problem.
M: So, finally we decided that Arthur would work in the mornings and I would work in the afternoons.Now if someone calls with the question for me in the morning, Arthur tells them to call me in the afternoon.This way, people get their questions answered the same day.
W: What do you do about vacations?
M: Well,Sonatechgives the usual two weeks of vacation to full-time employees, I take a week and Arthur takes a week.
W: It sounds like job sharing has worked out well for you.
M: Yes, it has.We are both happy with it.
Q19.What do John and author do at Sonatech?
答案：C.Take orders over the phone.
Q20.What problem did John and Arthur have when they started job sharing?
答案：A.Customers’ questions could not be answered on the same day.
Q21.What does John say about their annual vacation?
答案：D.They each take a week.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
本長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容主要是關(guān)于合伙工作。對(duì)話內(nèi)容相較以往的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話而言，比較簡(jiǎn)單。依然是主要針對(duì)回答問題的人提問，就是對(duì)話中的男士。男士一開始主要是談他們?cè)谧畛蹰_始合作工作時(shí)遇到的問題，接下來談到問題最終如何得到解決，最后是他和同伴如何輪休年假。當(dāng)然，對(duì)話中公司名稱聽不懂，形成干擾。依然要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是不能糾結(jié)個(gè)別詞匯，而因小失大。
對(duì)話中圍繞工作的話題詞匯有：schedule：(工作)計(jì)劃，安排;sales representative：銷售代表;vacation：假期，休假;full-time employee：全職員工。
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard
W: May I see your license, please?
M: But officer, did I do something wrong?
W: Do you mean to say you didn’t see the speed limit sign back there?
M: Um, no, madam, I guess I didn’t.
W: In other words, you drove by too fast to read it.The sign says 35m/h.A school is just nearby, you know?
M: Don’t get me wrong, but my speedometer didn’t read much faster than that.
W: Then, why is it that my radar showed you are going 45? Let me put it another way.I’m going to give you a ticket.Again, may I see your license, please?
M: Here it is, officer.But let me explain.I was late for an important appointment and I was worried that I wouldn’t make it on time.So...
W: Uha, just a minute, here.Your license is no longer valid.You should have renewed it two weeks ago.I’m going to have to write you up for that, too.
M: What? Really?
W: Your license becomes invalid on your birthday and that was two weeks ago according to the date here.You are in violation of the law—driving without a valid license.
M: I’m sorry, madam.I hadn’t realized that.
W: Here’s the ticket for not having a valid license.But I’m only going to give you a warning about exceeding the speed limit.Be careful next time.
M: Yes, madam, officer, I will.Thank you.
Q22.Where was the man stopped by the police officer?
答案：B.Near a school.
Q23.What did the man claim about the speed limit sign?
答案：A.He did not notice it.
Q24.What did the woman say about the man’s driving license?
答案：C.It is no longer valid.
Q25.What was the man’s penalty?
答案：B.He got a ticket.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
本長(zhǎng)對(duì)話主要是關(guān)于超速被罰。本對(duì)話中涉及到較多交通詞匯，有一定難度。對(duì)話一開始女士作為交警在學(xué)校附近逼停超出該路段限速的男士，但男士狡辯自己的速度計(jì)(speedometer)并沒顯示超速;女士再次提出要求審查男士的駕照，發(fā)現(xiàn)其駕照已經(jīng)過期。最后，男士因駕照過期而收到警告。本選材非常生活化，相信大部分考生應(yīng)該對(duì)這一話題并不陌生，通過日常常識(shí)也能做出不少判斷。
本對(duì)話中關(guān)于交通話題的詞匯：speed limit：限速;give you a ticket：開罰單;license：執(zhí)照，駕照;speedometer：n.速度計(jì);里程計(jì)。
Section B
Passage 1
Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buy something.To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping card.One of the first things customers forget is how to count.There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items.Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place.Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread.I hope you don’t mind waiting while I go get it.” Five minutes later, he’s back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels.Strange is that seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries.Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait until I announce the total.Then, in surprise, she says, “Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she’s forgotten hers.But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that’s something I can’t afford to forget.
Q26.What does the speaker say about customers’ entering the grocery store?
答案：A.They behave as if their memories have failed totally.
Q27.Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?
答案：D.Those with 15 items or less.
Q28.What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?
答案：B.Go back and pick up more items.
Q29.What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?
答案：A.It requires tolerance.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本篇短文主要講述了作者在一家雜貨店兼職工作的經(jīng)歷和感受，并深刻地體會(huì)到顧客不僅僅是來商店買東西的人。作者認(rèn)為，當(dāng)顧客推起一輛購物車時(shí)，所有的事情就拋之腦后了。他們不會(huì)算計(jì)一件商品值多少錢，他們忘了自己來商店要買什么，他們甚至忘記要為商品付錢，他們不知道東西買夠沒有就去收銀臺(tái)排隊(duì)結(jié)賬，當(dāng)收銀員開始掃顧客的.商品時(shí)，顧客又會(huì)跑回去拿很多商品回來，更需要收銀員提醒付錢，但這都是作者作為收銀員所應(yīng)忍受的，因?yàn)椤邦櫩褪巧系邸�，這是作者不敢忘記也是從這次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的事情。
這篇文章基本上沒有生僻的詞匯，以敘述為主。但是其中有幾個(gè)短語需要關(guān)注：grocery store意為“雜貨店”;ring up意為“用收銀機(jī)記錄收入的錢，收銀機(jī)掃條形碼”;credit card意為“信用卡”。理解了這些詞，對(duì)聽力的整體理解會(huì)有提升。
Passage 2
The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal.Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully retain manual scripts.On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers and other cultures.American audiences prefernatural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of communication.They don’t relay well to speakers who read from a manual script.If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepare text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention.The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language in style you use when writing.Well retain information, that is meant to be read, does not work aswell when it is heard.It is, therefore, important for you to adapt retain texts or outlines for presentations.Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing.They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles.Whenever possible, they use short words.Listeners are appreciated when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation.One advantage is that it is much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly.Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.
Question 30 to 32
30.What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?
答案：D.A natural and spontaneous style of speech.
31.What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?
答案： B.Differences in style between writing and speaking.
32.What does the speaker focus on in the talk?
答案：A.The key to becoming a good speaker.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本篇文章重點(diǎn)分析了成為一名優(yōu)秀的演講者的關(guān)鍵因素。歐洲人和亞洲人的演講風(fēng)格往往是趨于比較正式的，而美國人的演講風(fēng)格是自然、自發(fā)、生動(dòng)地傳遞表達(dá)信息，這也正是聽眾所喜歡的方式。同時(shí)，做口頭報(bào)告時(shí)應(yīng)注意寫作和口語所要求的風(fēng)格差異，有了這樣的認(rèn)識(shí)后，你才能在今后的演講中運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)短貼近生活的言語表達(dá)自己的想法，形成自己的演講風(fēng)格，成為一名優(yōu)秀的演講者。
這篇文章相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，沒有出現(xiàn)太難的生詞，較容易理解。整個(gè)內(nèi)容就圍繞一個(gè)主題展開，清晰明了，只要能抓住此主題線索，整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)就一目了然了。
Passage 3
A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time.If corrected too much, he will stop talking.He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it.Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes.But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes.We do it all for him.We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him.Soon he becomes dependent on the expert.We should let him do it himself.Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that.
If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book.Let him correct his own papers.Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that they can’t find the way to get the right answer.
Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q33 How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?
答案：D.By comparing his performance with others.
Q34 What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?
答案：C.Children cannot detect their own mistakes.
Q35 What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?
答案：A.It is unhelpful to students’ learning.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
本篇文章主要論述要讓孩子們學(xué)著自己判斷事情。目前的教學(xué)方法對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)沒有什么幫助作用，老師認(rèn)為學(xué)生不能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己身上的錯(cuò)誤，孩子習(xí)得一件事情是通過把自己的行為和其他人的行為作對(duì)比而來的，而這就逐漸讓孩子們失去了自己，變成了其他人，從而慢慢產(chǎn)生依賴感。文章結(jié)尾暗示作者對(duì)這種教學(xué)方法是不贊成的，同時(shí)，提出老師的工作是應(yīng)該幫助孩子們找到正確答案的方法，而不是什么都為他們做好安排好。
Section C
Time is, for the average American, of utmost importance.To the foreign visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things accomplished on time (according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep interpersonal relations.Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest detail.
It may seem to you that most Americans are completely controlled by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off abruptly to make it to their next appointment on time.
Americans’ language is filled with references to time, giving a clear indication of how much it is valued.Time is something to be “on,” to be “kept,” “filled,” “saved,” “wasted,” “gained,” “planned,” “given,” “made the most of,” even “killed.”
The international visitor soon learns that it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.
Time is so valued in America, because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve more than if one “wastes” time and doesn’t keep busy.This philosophy has proven its worth.It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America.Many American proverbs stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely, and setting and working toward specific goals.Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.
答案：
36.foreign
37.accomplished
38.interpersonal
39.detail.
40.controlled
41.abruptly
42.references
43.indication
44.appointment
45.believe in
46.Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文討論的是美國人的時(shí)間觀念。開頭提出美國人非�？粗貢r(shí)間規(guī)劃，以至于到了被認(rèn)為“手表控制人”的地步，接下來從語言角度給出證明，最后又從原因角度解釋說明。
本文的難點(diǎn)在于，開頭有長(zhǎng)難句，包含插入語、比較級(jí)等，容易造成困擾。而在語言角度探討時(shí)，有給出一系列動(dòng)詞，容易出現(xiàn)漏聽及注意力分散。同時(shí)，utmost, abruptly, reference, philosophy, productivity等較難詞匯也會(huì)帶來一定困擾。
空格整體分布較為均勻，除第三段兩空間隔較近，第二個(gè)容易錯(cuò)過外，其它空填寫時(shí)間均較為充足。所填詞語格式比較重要，如-ed，-s等均是不可漏過的細(xì)節(jié)。
PartIV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47.N taking
48.D concern
49.M stop
50.B available
51.I prefer
52.L specify
53.O variety
54.G nationwide
55.F items
56.E criteria
這是一篇新聞報(bào)道類的文章，關(guān)于美國一些著名餐公司開始意識(shí)到快餐對(duì)對(duì)其青少年健康的不良影響，并開始采取相應(yīng)措施改變這一現(xiàn)狀。這是美國最近的熱門話題，滬江經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人新聞聽寫12月16日的的聽寫內(nèi)容關(guān)于麥當(dāng)勞的一篇文章與之就是類似的主題。對(duì)于考生來說這一話題也并不陌生，從內(nèi)容上來還是比較容易理解的。
47.N take a cue from 固定搭配，表示按…的指點(diǎn)行事。
48.D 在快餐在兒童中引起肥胖癥的現(xiàn)象受到越來越多關(guān)注的背景之下，19家公司宣誓將為兒童提供更多健康的菜單選擇，結(jié)合上下文可知空格處應(yīng)填concern
49.M 因?yàn)樯弦欢蝿倓偺岬娇觳鸵饍和逝值膯栴}獲得了越來越多的重視，第2段順承上面的內(nèi)容，講到漢堡王采取的相應(yīng)措施：將從本月起停止提供兒童快餐里的炸薯?xiàng)l和蘇打汽水.所以填stop。
50前面說了將停止提供兒童快餐里的炸薯?xiàng)l和蘇打汽水，根據(jù)although知道內(nèi)容上應(yīng)該是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折，所以后面應(yīng)該是still available，仍然可以買得到。
51.這句話涉及到一個(gè)比較，whether...or,選項(xiàng)中只有prefer一個(gè)課用于比較，所以空格處填prefer.
52.這是緊接著上一句的，上面剛剛講到問顧客是選擇套餐時(shí)是更喜歡選牛奶還是蘋果片，這是一種將顧客的需求具體化，所以填specify。
53.a variety of 固定搭配，各種各樣的。在這句話中是指其他參與將為美國兒童提供更健康的事物的快餐店，也提供各種各樣的菜單選擇。
54.結(jié)合上下文可知，(Kid Live Well)“讓孩子們生活的更好”運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該是全國范圍內(nèi)展開的一場(chǎng)大型運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以填nationwide。
55.通過第三段第一句話的后半句可以看出，兒童的每頓飯中要包含冒號(hào)之后部分的食物中的至少兩項(xiàng)，所以55空填item ，指的是后面的選項(xiàng)。
56.前面提到的食物都是低脂、第卡路里的健康食物，最后一句中提到在其他的要求中，餐館提供的附加菜必須滿足同樣的要求, 所以填criteria
Section B
As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero.That’s bad for the economy, of course.And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now.But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think.
That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover data.After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations, and retirements.(Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does.Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still humming along, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!
And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.
I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job.It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for).And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.
But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated.They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections.The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up.Four million people get hired every month in the U.S.You can be one of them.
57.The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______?
A) deprives many people of job opportunities.
B) prevents many people from changing careers.
C) should not stop people from looking for a job.
D) does not mean the U.S.economy is worsening.
58.Where do most job openings come from?
A) Job growth
B) Job turnover
C) Improved economy
D) Business expansion
59.What does the author say about overall job growth?
A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.
B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy.
C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.
D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed.
60.What is the key to landing a job according to the author?
A) Education
B) Intelligence
C) Persistence
D) Experience
61.What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the US?
A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is.
B) They provide the public with the latest information.
C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy.
D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.
答案
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本篇文章選自TIME周刊的財(cái)經(jīng)板塊，原文標(biāo)題為“Why Job Hunters Shouldn’t Worry So Much About Paltry Job Growth”，文章主要表達(dá)了這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即找工作的人不必太在意官方提供的高失業(yè)率，就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)等數(shù)據(jù)，原因在于這些并不等說明現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，比如：人員更替帶來了更多的職位空缺，因此，即便是經(jīng)濟(jì)增速緩慢，就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)為零，依然還是有很多的職位空缺存在。所以，如作者最后點(diǎn)睛所言，So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up.不灰心不放棄。
從整體語言難度來說，文章難度不是很大，財(cái)經(jīng)相關(guān)的一些詞匯基本都是大家比較熟悉的。并沒有出現(xiàn)過高難度的長(zhǎng)難句以及詞匯，整體理解起來也相對(duì)容易。
今后大家還應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)注重一些商務(wù)詞匯的表達(dá)，如job turnover(人員更替)，termination解雇，land jobs找工作，等等。
57.The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______?
答案：C.should not stop people from looking for a job.
解析：本題重點(diǎn)考察作者觀點(diǎn)。題干問在作者看來，高失業(yè)率怎么樣?鎖定原文第一段，雖然第一段中的bad for the economy，discouraging，change careers等字眼跟選項(xiàng)ABD當(dāng)中的詞匯很類似，但是要注意的是，真正表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)的是第一段最后一句But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think。其實(shí)高失業(yè)率跟你沒太大關(guān)系。包括原文最后一段第一句“So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up.”所以，綜上所述，它不該給你找工作帶來阻礙，引申意思就是該怎么辦就怎么辦，不要在意官方統(tǒng)計(jì)的高失業(yè)率。
58.Where do most job openings come from?
答案：B.Job turnover
解析：本題屬于細(xì)節(jié)考查題。題干問大部分的職位空缺來自于哪里?根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，可以用排除法將business expansion排除，因?yàn)樵牟⑽刺峒啊Ｔ偈Ｏ碌娜齻�(gè)選項(xiàng)中，根據(jù)原文第二段的第一句job growthnumbers don’t matter to job hunters as much asjob turnoverdata以及turnovercreates more openings than economic growth does.可以確定人員更替(turnover)提供了更多的職位空缺，因此答案為Job turnover。
59.What does the author say about overall job growth?
答案：A.It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.
解析：本題繼續(xù)考察作者觀點(diǎn)。題干問作者對(duì)于整體就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)(overall job growth)的態(tài)度是怎樣的，可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第三段，關(guān)鍵是第一句：I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job.此處用到雙重否定，“我并不是說整體就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)一個(gè)人找工作沒有絲毫影響”，也就是說“有一定影響，但是沒有那么大”所以答案是A，而BCD選項(xiàng)的confidence，hope，job security原文并未提及。
60.What is the key to landing a job according to the author?
答案：C.Persistence
解析：本題屬于細(xì)節(jié)考查題。定位原文倒數(shù)第二段第一句But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated.關(guān)鍵詞是stay motivated
61.What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the US?
答案：D.They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.
解析：本題屬于細(xì)節(jié)考查題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.可知答案選D，那一部分人已經(jīng)被排除掉了，所以失業(yè)率這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)是有水分的。
Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age.So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?
While such vigilant(警覺的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly.With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
In many cases, screening can lead to additional biopsies and surgeries to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years.But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data.Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment.And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly.But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(預(yù)期壽命).
A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that make sense for the whole patient.Dr.Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves.We need to think about the rational use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care.”
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
62.Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A.It is believed to contribute to long life.
B.It is part of their health care package.
C.The elderly are more sensitive about their health.
D.The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.
63.How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?
A.It adds too much to their medical bills.
B.It helps increase their life expectancy.
C.They are doubtful about necessity.
D.They think it does more than good.
64.What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?
A.It applies to women over 50.
B.It is a must for adult women.
C.It is optional for young women.
D.It doesn’t apply to women over 74.
65.Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
A.They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B.They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C.They want data for medical research.
D.They want their patients to suffer less.
66.What does the author say is the general view about health care?
A.The more, the better.
B.Prevention is better than cure.
C.Better early than late.
D.Better care, longer life.
答案
62.D.The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.
63.C.They are doubtful about its necessity.
64.B.It is a must for adult women.
65.A.They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
66.A.The more, the better.
PartV Translation
He wondered where these children had learned to play with snow.Even the littlest One, for whom this must have been the first real snowfall, seemed to know instinctively what to do.They rolled in it, they tasted it, they packed it into balls and tossed it at one another.Then, just when he thought they might not know everything, they set about shaping a snowman on the crest of the hill.
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