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2024年12月大學(xué)英語六級仔細(xì)閱讀練習(xí)題及解析
在英語四六級考試中，閱讀理解占據(jù)的比重大且相對于其他部分來說也容易得分，所以從閱讀理解開始突破是最快捷的提分方式。下面是yjbys網(wǎng)小編提供給大家關(guān)于2024年12月大學(xué)英語六級仔細(xì)閱讀練習(xí)題及解析，供同學(xué)們練習(xí)。
12月大學(xué)英語六級仔細(xì)閱讀練習(xí)題及解析 1
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are.four choices marked A), B) , C) and D). You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
3D glasses help doctors perform invasive surgery when their hands are obscured fromview.
Moviegoers arent the only ones wearing 3D glasses nowadays—doctors could benefit fromthem, too, a new study suggests.
In the past, doctors have been skeptical of using 3D technology in their work, preferring torely on their own experience. But that may change, thanks to improved 3D glasses and evenglasses-free systems .Funded by industry sponsors, the study of 50 surgeons using the newtechnology showed improvements in surgical precision and speed.
"While the technology still requires some free-tuning, technology without the need to wearspecial glasses will increase the popularity of 3D systems in operating rooms," study leaderUlrich Leiner of the Fratmhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI) in Berlin said in a statement.
Improvements to screens are driving developments in 3D technology. High-definitionscreens are already available. The next step is ultra-high definition, with a sixteen foldimprovement in resolution, according to study co-author Michael Witte of HHI.
To evaluate whether new 3D technology was ready for hospital applications, researchersinvited surgeons from the Klinikum rechts der Isars surgical hospital to test it out. A leadingendoscope manufacturer and an international display company funded the study.
The surgeons tested four different systems: 2D, 3D with glasses, 3D without glasses and amirror-based 3D system. The glasses-free model relied on an eye-tracking camera system thatdelivered separate images to each eye, creating a 3D effect in the brain.
The images came from endoscopic cameras used in surgery. The doctors practiced asimulated, routine surgical procedure in which they sewed up a wound in a model patientsstomach using a needle and thread. Just as in a minimally invasive surgery, their hands wereobscured from view and they relied
on the screen to see what they were doing.
"The results were astonishing," Hubertus Feuner, of the Klinikum rechts der Isar universityhospital in Munich, said in a statement. The winning surgeon performed the procedure in 15percent less time and with considerably increased precision, Feuner said.
The most surprising thing was that not only young surgeons benefited, but experiencedsurgeons also, according to the researchers. The winning doctor has worked at the hospital formore than 30 years and has conducted thousands of operations.
The surgeons in the study rated the 3D glasses system the highest, and the glasses-freesystem as comparable to the 2D one.
Once the technology is widely available, will doctors begin using it. "Theres no doubt that3D will be a commodity in the future." Witte said.
The studys findings will be presented at a congress of the Association of German.Surgeons in Berlin in April. The findings have not been published in a scientific peer-reviewedjournal.
56. What can be inferred about 3D glasses from the second paragraph?
A) Doctors usually have a poor eye sight.
B) Moviegoers often wear 3D glasses to watch films.
C) Some doctors are moviegoers.
D) Moviegoers know how to perform surgery.
57. What was the doctors attitude toward 3D technology in the past?
A) Apathetic.
B) Positive.
C) Disappointed.
D) Doubtful.
58. To create a 3D effect in the brain, an eye-tracking camera system
A) enabled each eye to receive separate images
B) separated images for each eye
C) delivered images of each eye through a camera
D) delivered to each glass separate images
59. The benefits that 3D technology may bring to surgeons are
A) less precision and less time
B) improved precision and less time
C) improved precision and more time
D) obscured views
60. What can be inferred from the feedbacks of the surgeons?
A) 3D glasses system has the highest technology.
B) 3D glasses system is no better than 2D one.
C) The glasses-free system is superior to the 2D one.
D) 3D glasses system is more helpful than the glasses-free system.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
A recent BBC documentary, The Town That Never Retired, sought to show the effects ofincreasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work.
Although the results were entertaining, they need not have bothered. Away from thecameras, unprecedented numbers of older people are staying in work .Since the start of therecession that began in 2008, the number of 16-to 24-year-olds in work has fallen by 597,000.Over the same period the number of workers over the age of 65 has increased by 240 0000.
The graying of the British workforce dates back to around 2001, since when theproportion of older people working has nearly doubled. But it has accelerated since the start ofthe recession. There are several reasons why. Happily, people are living longer and healthierlives, which makes staying in work less daunting than it was. Less happily, low interest rates, astagnant stock market and the end of many defined-benefit ( 固定收益 ) pension schemesmake it a financial necessity. And changing attitudes ,spurred by rules against agediscrimination, are making it easier than ever.
Most older workers are simply hanging on at the office: 63% of workers over state pensionage have been with their employer for more than ten years. Over two-thirds of them work part-time, mostly doing jobs that they once performed full-time. A big advantage is that they donot pay national insurance contributions effectively a second income tax on younger workers.
According to Stephen McNair, director of the Centre for Research into the Older Workforce,this flexibility explains why older workers have not suffered so much in the slump. Instead ofslashing the workforce, as in previous recessions, many firms have halted recruitment and cutworking hours. At small businesses in particular, keeping on older workers is cheaper and lessrisky than training replacements. Over half of workers over state pension age work forbusinesses with fewer than 25 employees.
Christopher Nipper, who owns David Nipper, a womens wear manufacturer based inDerbyshire, prizes his semi-retired workers, who can be employed at short notice and do notneed to work full-time to survive. Retired machinists can fill in if there is a surge in orders;former sales advisers can work as part-time consultants. As his competitors have movedproduction abroad, depleting the pool of trained labour,retaining older workers and their skillshas become even more important.
There is scope for the older workforce to expand. Workers over the age of 50 who aremade unemployed find it harder to pick up new jobs, which could mean that more oldsters wantto work than are able to. That would be good. The Office for Budget Responsibility, the fiscalwatchdog, reported on July 12th that an ageing, unproductive population is the biggestlong-term threat to Britains economic health.
Data from the OECD, a think-tank, shows that employment rates among workersapproaching retirement age are split in Europe, with old workers hanging on best in the north.Government credit ratings follow a similar pattern. That Britains ageing workforce more closelyresembles Germanys than Italys could prove the countrys salvation(拯救).
61. Which of the following can be inferred from the BBC documentary The Town ThatNever Retired?
A) What it intends to reveal is contrary to the reality.
B) It has received good comments from audience.
C) It aims to criticize the poor pension provision in the UK.
D) It reflects the current phenomenon of retirees coming back to work.
62. According to the passage, "it" ( Line 6, Para. 2 ) refers to__________.
A) age discrimination
B) the changing attitude
C) a financial necessity
D) staying in work after retiring
63. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is TRUE about the older workers in theUK?
A) Most of them are loyal to their former employers.
B) Most of them rarely challenge themselves by seeking new types of jobs.
C) They do not have to pay national income tax.
D) 63% of them continue to work over the retirement age.
64. According to Christopher Nieper, why are semi-retired workers favored in hiring?
A) Because they can fill in the job vacancy in a brief time.
B) Because the pool of labour in the UK is drained.
C) Because they work harder than the yoking because of economic pressure.
D) Because their working hours can be as flexible as they want.
65. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that __________.
A) Britains ageing workforce is similar to Italys
B) Britains credit ratings are higher than Italys
C) Britains salvation is better than Germanys
D) Britains employment rates of ageing workforce are higher than Germanys
答案與解析：
56.B)。定位到第二段：Moviegoers aren’t the onlyones wearing 3D glasses nowadays—doctors couldbenefit from them，too，a new study suggests.
詳解 理判斷題。本題考查讀者對該段言外之意的理解。定位段指出，如今戴著3D眼鏡的并非只有電影愛好者，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明3D眼鏡也能讓醫(yī)生獲益，言外之意就是，電影愛好者經(jīng)常戴著3D眼鏡觀看電影，故答案為B)。A)“醫(yī)生視力不好”、C)“有些醫(yī)生也是電影愛好者”和D)“電影愛好者會做手術(shù)”在文中并未提及，故均排除。
57.D) 定位 由題干中in the past定位到第三段第一句：In the past，doctors have beenskeptical of using 3D technology in their work，preferring to rely on their own experience.
詳解 參觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本題考查過去醫(yī)生對3D技術(shù)的態(tài)度。定位句提到，在過去，醫(yī)生對工作中使用3D技術(shù)持懷疑態(tài)度，他們更愿意依靠自身的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，D)為skeptical的近義詞，故為答案。A)“冷漠的”、B)“積極的”和C)“失望的”，均排除。
58.A)。定位 由題干中的eye.tracking camera system定位到第七段第二句：The glasses.freemodel relied on all eye-tracking camera system that delivered separate images to eacheye，creating a 3D effect in the brain.
詳解 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查視線捕捉攝像系統(tǒng)的功能。定位句提到，無需佩戴眼鏡的系統(tǒng)依靠捕捉視線的攝像系統(tǒng)將獨(dú)立的圖像發(fā)送到每只眼睛，從而在大腦中形成3D效果，故A)為答案。B)“為眼睛分開圖像”文章并未提及，故排除;C)“通過攝像機(jī)來傳輸眼睛的圖像”是對文章意思的曲解，故排除;D)“將獨(dú)立的圖像發(fā)送到每個(gè)眼鏡”與文意不符，故排除。
59.B)。定位 由題干中的benefits that 3D technology may bring to surgeons定位到第九段第二句：The winning surgeon performed the procedure in l5 percent less time and withconsiderably increased precision.Feuner said.
詳解 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查3D技術(shù)帶來的好處。由定位句可知，費(fèi)斯納爾說，“測試中完成最好的醫(yī)師不僅少花了15%的時(shí)間而且精準(zhǔn)性得到大幅提高，即更高的精準(zhǔn)性與更少的時(shí)間”，故答案為B)。同時(shí)，排除A)與C);D)“模糊的視線”文中并未提及，故排除。
60.D)。定位 由題干中的feedbacks of the surgeons定位到第十一段：The surgeons in the studyrated the 3D glasses system the highest，and the glasses—free system as comparable to the2D one.
詳解 推理判斷題。由定位句可知，研究項(xiàng)目的外科醫(yī)生們給3D眼鏡系統(tǒng)的分?jǐn)?shù)最高，而無需佩戴眼鏡的3D系統(tǒng)和2D系統(tǒng)差不多，D)是對原文的轉(zhuǎn)述，故為答案。A)“3D眼鏡系統(tǒng)技術(shù)含量最高”在文中并未提及，故排除;B)“3D眼鏡系統(tǒng)不比2D系統(tǒng)好”和C)“無需佩戴眼鏡的3D系統(tǒng)比2D系統(tǒng)好”與原文邏輯不符,故均挑除。
61.A)。定位 由題干中的BBC documentary，The Town That Never Retired定位到第一段第一、二句：A recent BBC documentary，The Town That Never Retired，sought to show the effectsof increasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work.Although the results wereentertaining，they need not have bothered.
詳解 推理判斷題。本題考查有關(guān)紀(jì)錄片《永不退休的城鎮(zhèn)》的理解。由定位句“英國廣播公司最近推出一部紀(jì)錄片《永不退休的城鎮(zhèn)》，該紀(jì)錄片旨在表現(xiàn)通過促使退休人員重回工作崗位來提高國家退休年齡這一政策所帶來的影響。片子雖然有趣，但影片制作者們真是杞人憂天了”可知，實(shí)際情況是人們到了退休年齡會主動要求繼續(xù)工作，與這部紀(jì)錄片所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容相反，故答案為A)。B)“這部紀(jì)錄片得到了觀眾的好評”為過度推斷，該段第二句僅指出“片子雖然有趣”，故排除;C)“這部紀(jì)錄片旨在批評英國糟糕的退休金條款”與D)“這部紀(jì)錄片反映出目前退休職工重返工作的'現(xiàn)象”均未在原文中提及，故排除。
62.D)。定位 由題干定位到第二段最后一句：And changing attitudes，spurred by rules againstage discrimination，are making it easier than ever.
詳解 語義理解題。本題考查代詞…it 的指代。定位句提到，而且在禁止年齡歧視規(guī)定的驅(qū)動下，人們的態(tài)度在慢慢改變，這也使之較以往更容易。該段主題為英國勞動力老齡化及其原因，定位句為勞動力老齡化的最后一點(diǎn)原因，故it指代退休后重返工作崗位，故答案為D)。
63.B)。定位 根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第一、二句：Most older workers are simply hanging on atthe office：63% of workers over state pension age have been with their employer for more thanten years.Over two—thirds of them work part-time，mostly doing jobs that they onceperformed full-time.
詳解 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查英國老年勞動者的情況。定位句提到，大多數(shù)老年就業(yè)者還是堅(jiān)守在原來的崗位：在超過國家退休年齡的工作者中，63%的人和雇主共事的時(shí)間已超過十年。這些人中，超過三分之二的人現(xiàn)在從事兼職，主要從事他們?nèi)殨r(shí)曾做過的工作。換言之，年長的工作者大都很少挑戰(zhàn)新類型的工作，故B)為答案。A)“大多數(shù)年長的工作者對之前的老板很衷心”為過度推斷，故排除;C)“年長的工作者不用繳納國家工資稅”，該段最后一句指出“不用再支付國民保險(xiǎn)稅”，而非國家工資稅，故排除;D)“63%的年長工作者超過退休年齡后繼續(xù)工作”是對原文內(nèi)容的曲解，故排除。
64.A)。定位 由題干中的Christopher Nieper和semi-retired workers定位到第五段第一句：Christopher Nieper，who owns David Nieper，a womenswear manufacturer based inDerbyshire，prizes his semi—retired workers.who Can be employed at short notice and do notneed to work full—time to survive.Retired machinists call fill in if there is a surge in orders.
詳解 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查Christopher Nieper珍視他的半退休員工們的原因。由定位句可知，克里斯多夫很珍視他的半退休員工們，這些人可在短時(shí)間內(nèi)上工而且并不需要全職工作來謀生，A)中的fill in the jobvacancy和in a brief time分別對應(yīng)原文的be employed和at short notice，故為答案。B)“因?yàn)橛鴦趧恿σ押谋M”，該段最后一句指出“拋棄了熟練的工人”，而非耗盡了所有的勞動力，故排除;C)“由于經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，他們比年輕的勞動力更努力工作”，定位句指出“這些人可在短時(shí)間內(nèi)上工而且并不需要全職工作來謀生”，說明他們經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力不大，與原文不符，故排除;D)“因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ鲿r(shí)間自由，可以隨意安排”為過度推斷，故排除。
65.B)。定位 由題干提示定位到最后一段.：……shows that employment rates among workersapproaching retirement age are split in Europe，with old workers hanging Oil best in thenorth.Government credit ratings follow a similar pattern.That Britain’s ageing workforcemore closely resembles Germany’s than Italy’s could prove the country’s salvation.
詳解 推理判斷題。定位句指出，臨近退休工人的就業(yè)率在歐洲是不平衡的，在北部的老年員工就業(yè)情況最好。政府的信用級別也與此成正相關(guān)。英國的老年勞動力更類似于德國而非意大利，這一點(diǎn)可以證實(shí)這個(gè)國家的自救措施在起作用。由此可知，英國的老年勞動力的就業(yè)情況好于意大利，所以其政府的信用級別要高于意大利，故答案為B)。A)“英國老齡勞動力與意大利類似”與原文不符，故排除;C)“英國的解救措施好于德國”，定位句指出“英國的老齡化勞動力更類似于德國”，故無法判斷孰重孰輕，為過度推斷，故排除;D) “英國老齡勞動力的就業(yè)率高于德國”與原文不符，故排除。
12月大學(xué)英語六級仔細(xì)閱讀練習(xí)題及解析 2
Plastic, it seems, is no longer fantastic. Even Hollywood, that factory of artifice (欺騙), is demanding areturn to reality when it comes to women’s bodies.
Disney Studios recent casting call for female extras for the fourth Pirates of the Caribbean film included a surprise announcement: "Must have real breasts. Do not submit if you have implants (移植物)." Surgically enhanced breasts might still be considered sexy or essential by airhead starlets and models. but the new buzzword(時(shí)髦語) in America is"authenticity". Thats why. for women in the public eye. having fake breasts is looking increasingly less like a career move and more like career suicide. Another indication thatfake breasts are going bust is the fact that television shows such as Extreme Makeover and The Swan (TV which promised to nip and tuck ordinary women into goddesses) have been cancelled. while statistics from theAmerican Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery show that the number of breast enlargements in America fellfrom 365,000 to 312,000 last year.
In many surveys. research has shown that the larger the breasts, the more stupid a woman is considered to be. Other women,meanwhile, consider women with large breasts as a threat-so having a surgical enhancement is a lose-lose situation. Chantelle Houghton (from Big Brother remember her?) almost immediately regrettedgelling implants to boost her chest and admits that they were "taking over her life". and she had io resort to physiotherapy to deal with the back pain they caused. Even Sharon Osbourne, voted the queen of nip and tuck(整容手術(shù)), said recently: "I wish Id never had my breasts done. Its like having a waterbed on your chest I hate them. I want to have the bags taken out-then Ill put them on eBay."
The more stories we hear like this the better. because then perhaps young women will realize that large breasts aren’t che assets they think they are-or Hollywood has made them out to be.
1. What is the new trend in Hollywood as to women’s bodies?
2. For mindless starlets and models. plastic breasts might be___________________.
3. That surgically enhanced breasts are not popular is manifested by the______________ of some TV shows.
4. According to many surveys. if a woman has large breasts. she will be regarded as_______________by otherwomen.
5. The author hopes that through some real stories, young women can be aware that large breasts____________________as they think.
答案：
1.[A return to reality.]
[定位]根據(jù)題干中的Hollywood和womens bodies查找到第1段第2句。
解析：本段第1句中的no longer道出整形潮流的改變。第2句指出，好萊塢對女性身材也要求回歸真實(shí)自然，題干中as towomens bodies對應(yīng)原文中的when it comes to womens bodies，答案可在該句主句中找到。
2.[sexy or essential]
[定位]根據(jù)題干中的starlets and models查找到第2段第2句。
解析：題干中的mindless和plastic breasts分別為原文中airhead和surgically enhanced breasts的同義替換，所以原文中considered后的sexy or essential為本題答案。
3.[cancellation]
[定位]根據(jù)題干中的TV shows查找到第2段第4句。
解析：根據(jù)空白處前后的冠詞和介詞，推斷這里需要填入一個(gè)名詞。該句提到，另一個(gè)隆胸潮流不再的跡象，就是有些節(jié)目被取消了(have been cancelled)，因此需將cancelled轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式cancellation。
4.[a threat]
[定位]根據(jù)題干中的surveys, large breasts以及other women查找到第3段第2句。
解析：題干將原文主動句改成了被動句，原文中的`consider... as 對應(yīng)題干中的regarded as,故原文中的as的賓語a threat就是答案。
5.[arent the assets]
[定位]根據(jù)題干中的young women，large breasts以及they think查找到第4段。
解析：原文最后一段說，這樣的真實(shí)故事聽得越多，也就越明白豐滿的胸部并不像想象中的那樣是一種優(yōu)勢，題干表達(dá)相同的意思，比較原文與題干，可知arent the assets為答案。
12月大學(xué)英語六級仔細(xì)閱讀練習(xí)題及解析 3
A) An earthquake is one of the most terrifying phenomena that nature can dish up. We generally think of the ground we stand on as “rock-solid” and completely stable. An earthquake can shatter (粉碎)that perception instantly, and often with extreme violence.
B) Up until relatively recently, scientists only had unproven guesses as to what actually caused earthquakes. Even today there is still a certain amount of mystery surrounding them, but scientists have a much clearer understanding. There has been enormous progress in the past century. Scientists have identified the forces that cause earthquakes, and developed technology that can tell us an earthquake"s magnitude and origin. The next hurdle is to find a way of predicting earthquakes, so they don’t catch people by surprise. In this article, we’ll find out what causes earthquakes, and we’ll also find out why they can have such a devastating effect on us.
C) An earthquake is a vibration(震動)that travels through the earth’s crust. Technically, a large truck that rumbles down the street is causing a mini-earthquake, if you feel your house shaking as it goes by; but we tend to think of earthquakes as events that affect a fairly large area, such as an entire city. All kinds of things can cause earthquakes: volcanic eruptions, meteor(流星)impacts, underground explosions (an underground nuclear test, for example), collapsing structures (such as a collapsing mine). But the majority of naturally-occurring earthquakes are caused by movements of the earth’s plates.
D) We only hear about earthquakes in the news every once in a while, but they are actually an everyday occurrence on our planet. According to the United States Geological Survey, more than 3 million earthquakes occur every year. That’s about 8,000 a day, or one every 11 seconds! The vast majority of these 3 million quakes are extremely weak. The law of probability also causes a good number of stronger quakes to happen in uninhabited places where no one feels them. It is the big
quakes that occur in highly populated areas that get our attention.
E) Earthquakes have caused a great deal of property damage over the years, and they have claimed many lives. In the last hundred years alone, there have been more than 1.5 million earthquake-related fatalities. Usually, it’s not the shaking ground itself that claims lives; it’s the associated destruction of man-made structures and other natural disasters it causes, such as tsunamis, avalanches (雪崩)and landslides.
F) The biggest scientific breakthrough in the history of seismology—the study of earthquakes—came in the middle of the 20th century, with the development of the theory of plate tectonics(筑造學(xué)).Scientists proposed the idea of plate tectonics to explain a number of peculiar phenomena on earth, such as the apparent movement of continents over time, the clustering of volcanic activity in certain areas and the presence of huge ridges at the bottom of the ocean.
G) The basic theory is that the surface layer of the earth—the lithosphere—is comprised of many plates that slide over the lubricating (潤滑的)asthenosphere layer. At the boundaries between these huge plates of soil and rock, three different things can happen.
H) Plates can move apart. If two plates are moving apart from each other, hot, molten rock flows up from the layers of mantle below the lithosphere. This magma (巖漿) comes out on the surface (mostly at the bottom of the ocean), where it is called lava (熔巖).As the lava cools, it hardens to form new lithosphere material, filling in the gap. This is called a divergent plate boundary.
I) Plates can push together. If the two plates are moving toward each other, one plate typically pushes under the other one. This plate below sinks into the lower mantle layers, where it melts. At some boundaries where two plates meet, neither plate is in a position to push under the other, so they both push against each other to form mountains. The lines where plates push toward each other are called convergent plate boundaries.
J) Plates slide against each other. At other boundaries, plates simply slide by each other—one moves north and one moves south, for example. While the plates don’t drift directly into each other at these transform boundaries, they are pushed tightly together. A great deal of tension builds at the boundary.
K) We understand earthquakes a lot better than we did even 50 years ago, but we still can’t do much about them. They are caused by fundamental, powerful geological processes that are far beyond our control. These processes are also fairly unpredictable, so it’s not possible at this time to tell people exactly when an earthquake is going to occur. The first detected earthquake waves will tell us that more powerful vibrations are on their way, but this only gives us a few minutes’ warning, at most.
L) So what can we do about earthquakes? The major advances over the past 50 years have been in preparedness, particularly in the field of construction engineering. In 1973, the Uniform Building Code, an international set of standards for building construction,7 added7 specifications7 to7 strengthen7 buildings7 against7 the7 force7 of7 earthquake7 waves.7 This7 includes7 strengthening7 support7 material7 as7 well7 as7 designing buildings so they are flexible enough to absorb vibrations without falling or deteriorating. It’s very important to design structures that can undergo this sort of attack, particularly in earthquake -prone areas.
M) Another component of preparedness is educating the public. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and other government agencies have produced several brochures explaining the processes involved in an earthquake and giving instructions on how to prepare your house for a possible earthquake, as well as what to do when a quake hits.
N) In the future, improvements in prediction and preparedness should further minimize the loss of life and property associated with earthquakes. But it will be a long time, if ever, before we’ll be ready for every substantial earthquake that might occur. Just like severe weather and disease, earthquakes are an unavoidable force generated by the powerful natural processes that shape our planet. All we can do is increase our understanding of the phenomenon and develop better ways to deal with it.
1. Earthquake-related fatalities are usually caused by buildings，collapse and other ensuing natural disasters, not by the shaking ground itself.
2. Besides movements of the earth’s plates, other forces such as volcanic eruptions, meteor impacts and so on, can also cause earthquakes.
3. Earthquakes actually occur every day; most of them are not big enough to get our attention.
4. People generally think the ground beneath their feet is completely stable, but earthquakes shatter that idea in no time.
5. We cannot prevent earthquakes but we can actively find better ways to face them.
6. Earthquakes are hardly predictable, and people cannot be told when an earthquake is going to occur.
7. Scientists have found out forces that cause earthquakes through years of efforts.
8. Architects now have designed flexible buildings to minimize the damages of earthquakes.
9. Scientists use the theory of plate tectonics to explain the apparent movement of continents over time.
10. The convergent plate boundaries refer to the lines where plates push toward each other.
文章精要
地震危害巨大，了解地震對減少其帶來的損失有著重要意義。本文講解了引 發(fā)地震的因素、與地震有關(guān)的地殼板塊運(yùn)動和地震的危害，并指出盡管人類還無 法準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測地震，但一些必要的防御措施能夠減少地震帶來的損失。
答案解析
1. E 本題是對E段最后一句話的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。定位關(guān)鍵詞是Earthquake-related fatalities。原文用it’s not...that claims lives; it’s...結(jié)構(gòu)指出“通常不是地殼晃 動引起的死亡，而是伴隨而來的房屋倒塌或其他自然災(zāi)害導(dǎo)致的死亡”， 題目用...be caused by...not by...結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)了同樣的意思。
2. C 本題是對C段最后兩句的歸納，題目將兩句話的含義概括為一句話。定位關(guān)鍵詞是 movements of the earth$s plates, volcanic eruptions, meteor impacts。
3. D 本題是對D段的總結(jié)。定位關(guān)鍵詞是get our attention。D段首句就提到每天都會發(fā)生地震，最后一句提到只有大地震才能引起人們的注意，本題就是 對這兩句話的概括。
4. A 本題是對A段最后兩句的.同義轉(zhuǎn)述。定位關(guān)鍵詞是shatter。題目中的the ground beneath their feet同義轉(zhuǎn)述了原文中的the ground we stand on。
5. N 本題是對N段最后兩句的概括。定位關(guān)鍵詞是better ways。文章最后一句提到，我們能做的就是增加我們對地震的認(rèn)識，尋找更好的方法來應(yīng)對它， 與題干表達(dá)一致。
6. K 本題是對K段第三句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。定位關(guān)鍵詞是hardly predictable。原文提到：雖然我們對地震有了更深的了解，但地震仍然不受我們的控制，地震 是無法預(yù)測的，人們不可能得知地震什么時(shí)候會發(fā)生，表達(dá)與題干一致。
7. B 本題是對B段第三、四句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。定位關(guān)鍵詞是cause earthquakes。題目中的found out同義轉(zhuǎn)述了原文中的identified。
8. L 本題是對L段最后兩句的概括。定位關(guān)鍵詞是designed。原文提到：過去50年我們在應(yīng)對地震方面取得了進(jìn)步，尤其是在建筑工程領(lǐng)域。我們用特殊 材料加固房屋以應(yīng)對地震的破壞，我們設(shè)計(jì)足夠靈活的房屋，確保地震不 會導(dǎo)致房屋倒塌，這與題干表達(dá)的完全一致。
9. F 本題是F段中舉例的一部分。定位關(guān)鍵詞是the theory of plate tectonics。原文提到科學(xué)家用the idea of plate tectonics解釋很多現(xiàn)象，其中之一就是the apparent movement of continents over time。
10. I 本題是對I段最后一句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。定位關(guān)鍵詞是convergent plate boundaries。題干中的refer to與原文中的are called屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述。
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