大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯題型輔導(dǎo)
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part 1
2017年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)：元宵節(jié)
每年農(nóng)歷的正月十五日，春節(jié)剛過(guò)，迎來(lái)的就是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日--元宵節(jié)。元宵主要的活動(dòng)就是看燈。東漢明帝時(shí)期，明帝提倡佛教，聽(tīng)說(shuō)佛教有正月十五日僧人觀佛舍利，點(diǎn)燈敬佛的做法，就命令這一天夜晚在皇宮和寺廟里點(diǎn)燈敬佛，令士族庶民都掛燈。以后這種佛教禮儀節(jié)日逐漸形成民間盛大的節(jié)日。該節(jié)經(jīng)歷了由宮廷到民間，由中原到全國(guó)的發(fā)展過(guò)程。
直到今天，元宵點(diǎn)燈的習(xí)俗仍然在中國(guó)的各地流傳的，各式各樣美麗的花燈在這一天都會(huì)點(diǎn)亮，孩子們提著自制的燈籠走街串巷，非常高興。猜燈謎也是元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要活動(dòng)，花燈的'主人會(huì)將謎面寫(xiě)在燈籠上，掛在門口，如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)最早起源于宋朝，因?yàn)橹i語(yǔ)能啟迪智慧又饒有興趣，所以流傳過(guò)程中深受社會(huì)各階層的歡迎。
民間過(guò)元宵節(jié)吃元宵的習(xí)俗。元宵由糯米制成，或?qū)嵭模驇юW。餡有豆沙、白糖、山楂、各類果料等，食用時(shí)煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初，人們把這種食物叫“浮圓子”，后來(lái)又叫“湯團(tuán)”或“湯圓”，這些名稱“團(tuán)圓”字音相近，取團(tuán)圓之意，象征全家人團(tuán)團(tuán)圓圓，和睦幸福，人們也以此懷念離別的親人,寄托了對(duì)未來(lái)生活的美好愿望。
隨著時(shí)間的推移，元宵節(jié)的活動(dòng)越來(lái)越多，白天有耍龍燈、耍獅子、踩高蹺、劃旱船扭秧歌、打太平鼓等傳統(tǒng)民俗表演。到了夜晚，除了五顏六色的美花燈之外，還有艷麗多姿的煙火。大多數(shù)家庭會(huì)在春節(jié)時(shí)留下一些煙花等到元宵節(jié)這天燃放，而一些地方政府也會(huì)舉辦煙花大會(huì)，當(dāng)新年的第一個(gè)月圓之夜在盛大的煙火表演中來(lái)臨時(shí)，人們都陶醉在這令人難忘了煙花與皎潔的明月中。
譯文：
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, usually in February or March in the Gregorian calendar. As early as the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 25), it had become a festival with great significance. This day's important activity is watching lanterns. Throughout the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), Buddhism flourished in China. One emperor heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira, or remains from the cremation of Buddha's body, and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, so he ordered to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this day. Later, the Buddhist rite developed into a grand festival among common people and its influence expanded from the Central Plains to the whole of China.
Till today, the lantern festival is still held each year around the country. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors. Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited. "Guessing lantern riddles"is an essential part of the Festival. Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns. If visitors have solutions to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answer. If they are right, they will get a little gift. The activity emerged during people's enjoyment of lanterns in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata.
People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day, so it is also called the "Yuanxiao Festival."Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan. It is small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour with rose petals, sesame, bean paste, jujube paste, walnut meat, dried fruit, sugar and edible oil as filling. Tangyuan can be boiled, fried or steamed. It tastes sweet and delicious. What’s more, tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with "tuanyuan”, meaning reunion. So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.
In the daytime of the Festival, performances such as a dragon lantern dance, a lion dance, a land boat dance, a yangge dance, walking on stilts and beating drums while dancing will be staged. On the night, except for magnificent lanterns, fireworks form a beautiful scene. Most families spare some fireworks from the Spring Festival and let them off in the Lantern Festival. Some local governments will even organize a fireworks party. On the night when the first full moon enters the New Year, people become really intoxicated by the imposing fireworks and bright moon in the sky.
part 2
2017年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)：交通
交通擁堵是世界各國(guó)普遍面臨的問(wèn)題。近年來(lái)，我國(guó)城市化水平空前加快，大中城市交通擁堵問(wèn)題尤其突出，交通阻塞已由局部向大范圍蔓延。這不僅影響了城市生活的效率和質(zhì)量，而且?guī)?lái)了環(huán)境污染、能源緊張等一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)問(wèn)題，嚴(yán)重制約了城市的發(fā)展。要想解決這一問(wèn)題，良好的公共交通是必不可少的。實(shí)行低票價(jià)政策，是實(shí)現(xiàn)公交優(yōu)先的基本保證。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，則要大力發(fā)展軌道交通(rail transportation),降低路面擁堵。
翻譯范文：
Traffic jam has been a problem shared by all countries around the world.In recent years,the urbanization of China reaches an unprecedented level,which leads to especially prominent traffic jam in large and medium-sized cities.The problem of traffic jam has extended from part to a wide range.Traffic jam not only affects the efficiency and quality of uiban life,but also causes a series of economic and social problems like environmental pollution and energy deficiency,which greatly restricts the development of cities.To solve the problem,well-organized public transportation is indispensable.Low ticket price is the basic guarantee of priority of public transportation.In the long term,we must vigorously develop rail transportation to lessen traffic jam.
翻譯詳解：
1.世界各國(guó)普遍面臨的問(wèn)題:譯為a problem shared by all countries around the world�！捌毡槊媾R的”在此處譯為shared by,即“為…所共有的”，也可以用commonly faced by表達(dá)。
2.尤其突出:可譯為especially prominent或particularly prominent。其中prominent意為“突出的，顯著的”。
3.由局部向大范圍蔓延:可譯為has extended from part to a wide range。
4.必不可少:可譯為indispensable或necessary,意為“必要的，必然的”。
5.公交優(yōu)先:可譯為priority of public transportation。
6.從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看:可譯為in the long term,也可譯為in the long run或over the long range。
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