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大學(xué)英語等級考試真題及答案
寫作 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time in the virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150words but no more than 200 words.
翻譯 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
深圳是中國廣東省一座新開發(fā)的城市。在改革開放之前，深圳不過是一個漁村，僅有三萬多人。20世紀(jì)80年代，中國政府創(chuàng)建了深圳經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)，作為實(shí)施社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的試驗(yàn)田。如今，深圳的人口已超過1,000 萬，整個城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
到2014年，深圳的人均(per-capita)GDP已達(dá)25,000美元，相當(dāng)于世界上一些發(fā)達(dá)國家的水平。就綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力而言，深圳居于中國頂尖城市之列。由于其獨(dú)特的地位，深圳也是國內(nèi)外企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)的理想之地。
寫作答案：People nowadays use social networking sites very frequently, such as Weibo and Wechat, whichhave made us more connected than ever. Yet for all this close contact, we are becoming more socially awkward. The harm of replacing real-life contact with virtual conversation, in my opinion, involves two aspects: it made us put on masks and hold up shields.
In a virtual world, we tend to create an image that rarely looks like us. We post messages or pictures to show we are humorous, with a good taste, and living a fabulous life. As a result, we fail to present our real self and dare not to be ourselves. Another unpleasant thing about virtual conversation is that it encourages unimaginable violence of language. The Internet has become a shield in many ways， exempting us from the consequence we should take responsibility for even though we make dreadful and malicious comments sometimes. This undoubtedly mins the quality of social interaction that we need as human beings.
All in all, if we spend too much time interacting virtually, we will dedicate little effort to real-world bonding. Consequently, our interpersonal relationship weakens gradually, and we will end up with unprecedented alienation.
【解析】
本題討論的是“虛擬社交越來越頻繁.真實(shí)社交卻越來越貧乏”這一社會現(xiàn)象，考生需要闡述這一問題將導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。根據(jù)題目要求，可以采取以下布局：
第一段：提出雖然人們的生活充斥著社交網(wǎng)站，但卻變得越來越不善于社交。這都是因?yàn)檫^度依賴虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)，而忽略了面對面交流的重要性。
第二段：從兩方面闡述虛擬社交如何影響人的社交質(zhì)量--在虛擬社交中人們喜歡偽裝自己，同時建立起一塊無形的盾牌躲避彼此。
第三段：總結(jié)全文，虛擬社交影像我們真實(shí)情感的建立，導(dǎo)致人際關(guān)系破裂，人性異化。
翻譯答案：表達(dá)難點(diǎn)
1. 第 2 句有兩個謂語動詞，“是……”及“有……”，因?yàn)樗鼈児灿靡粋�主語，翻譯時可以將后者處理為一個 with結(jié)構(gòu)，作伴隨狀語。with a population of...在英語中經(jīng)常用來表示某個地方有多少人口。
2. 第 3 句的主干是“中國政府建立深圳經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)”，而“作為……的試驗(yàn)田”是一個補(bǔ)充說明的成分，翻譯時既可以將它處理為一個定語從句(which served as a pilot area for...)，又可以使用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)表目的(to pilot the socialist market economy)，pilot 意為“試行”，能夠簡潔地表達(dá)原文的意思。在英語中，動詞往往比名詞更有表達(dá)能力。
3.第 1 段最后一句可翻譯成 The whole city has undergone dramatic changes 或者 The whole city has changed dramatically。核心詞是“變化”，前者使用的是名詞形式，后者使用的是動詞形式。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，后者的表達(dá)更加干凈利落。
4.第 2 段第 1 句的難點(diǎn)是“相當(dāng)于……水平”，它說明深圳人均 GDP 的情況，在翻譯的時候可以將它處理為一個定語從句，對主語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。“相當(dāng)于”用了 rival,意為“比得上，可媲美”。
參考譯文
Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong Province, China. Before the reform and opening up, it was no more than a fishing village with a population of just over 30,000. In the1980s, the Chinese government established Shenzhen special economic zone to pilot the socialist market economy. Today, Shenzhen boasts a population of more than 10 million, and the whole city has changed dramatically.
By 2014, the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25,000 USD, which would rival that of some developed countries. In terms of comprehensive economic strength, Shenzhen is listedas a top-tier city in China. Thanks to its unique position, it is an ideal place for entrepreneurs from home and abroad to start businesses.
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