2016年11月全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試PETS-5閱讀精選試題
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Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
(50 minutes)
Part A：Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A，B，C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1
Gene therapy and gene based drugs are two ways we could benefit from Our growing mastery of genetic science.
But there will be others as well.Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years.
While it’S true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human，most of those instructions are inactivated，and with good reason：the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney.The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any an all body parts is very early in a pregnancy.when so-called stem cells haven’t begun to specialize.
Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine.Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells-brain cells in Alzheimer’s，cardiac cells in heart disease，pancreatic cells in diabetes，to name a few;if doctors could isolate stem cells，then direct their growth，they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue.
It was incredibly difficult，but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural，gut，muscle and bone cells.The process still can’t be controlled，and may have unforeseen limitations;but if efforts to understand and master stem cell development prove successful，doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.
The sanle applies to cloning，which is really just the other side of the coin.True cloning，as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago，involves taking a developed cel and reactivating the genome within，resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state.Once that happens，the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full—fiedged animal，genetically identical to its parent.
For agriculture.in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value，biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years.This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly，and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year.
Human cloning，on the other hand，may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult.
Still，one day it will happen.The ability to reset body cells to a pristine，undeveloped state could give doctors exact：
ly the same advantages they would get from stem cells：the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts，and.
thus to cure disease.That could prove to be a true“miracle cure”.
51.The writer holds that the potential to make healthy body tissues will_____.
[A]aggravate moral issues of human cloning
[B]bring great benefits to human beings
[C]help scientists decode body instructions
[D]involve employing surgical instruments
52.The word“rejuvenated”(Para.5)most probably means_____.
[A]modified
[B]recoliccted
[C]classified
[D]reactivated
53.The research at the University of Wisconsin is mentioned to show_____.
[A]the isolation of stem cells
[B]the effects of gene therapies
[C]the advantages of human cloning
[D]the limitations of tissue replacepmnts
54.Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A]The principle of gene therapy is applicable to that of cloning.
[B]The isolation of stem ceils is too difficult to be feasible.
[C]It is reasonable for all body instructions to be activated.
[D]Cloned animals will eventually take control of the world.
55.Towards the genetic research，the author’s attitude can best be said to be that of_____.
[A] frustration
[B]indifference
[C]amazement
[D]opposition
�、� Reading Comprehension(共計(jì)35分。權(quán)重35%)
Part A(每小題1分。共計(jì)l5分)
Text 1
短文賞析
基因治療和以基因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)的藥物是我們從遺傳科學(xué)中獲得利益的兩種方式。在未來(lái)幾年內(nèi)，這些基因療法會(huì)發(fā)展成為主流醫(yī)學(xué)。如果醫(yī)生利用基因知識(shí)，分離干細(xì)胞，然后培育這些細(xì)胞，他們就可能為病人提供健康的移植組織。這種技術(shù)同樣也有助于克隆技術(shù)的發(fā)展，以后越來(lái)越多的動(dòng)植物將會(huì)被克隆，甚至人本身。排除道德法律的因素，利用基因克隆培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的人的各種健康器官，一些病將會(huì)被更好的'治療。
答案及解析
51.B【解析】文章開(kāi)宗明義，在第一段講述到，如果我們掌握了基因科學(xué)，將會(huì)對(duì)人類有極大的好處。此外第三段的第一句“Yet this un?tapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine”，意為“然而這種沒(méi)被開(kāi)發(fā)的潛能對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)有極大的好處”，作者在全文的最后一句又呼應(yīng)了這一觀點(diǎn)。故應(yīng)選B。
52.D【解析】此詞出處在第五段，“rejuvenated”和前一句的“reactivating”構(gòu)成一種近義的重復(fù)。故應(yīng)選D。
53.A【解析】由第四段“…the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells…”可知，雖然研究很困難，但這所大學(xué)還是在去年秋天設(shè)法分裂了干細(xì)胞。故應(yīng)選A。
54.A【解析】文章后面指出其實(shí)基因治療的原理和克隆的原理兩者完全是可以通用的，具體的解題點(diǎn)在于文章的第五段第一句話“the same applies to cloning”。故應(yīng)選A。
55.C【解析】這是一個(gè)關(guān)于作者態(tài)度的綜合分析題。作者盡管提到有
困難，但科學(xué)家們正在談?wù)摽朔щy的辦法而且非常努力，并且作者最后說(shuō)道“That could prove to be a true‘miracle cure”’，當(dāng)真正使用克隆技術(shù)為人類治療的時(shí)候，那將會(huì)是真正的“神奇醫(yī)療”。故應(yīng)選C
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