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英語等級考試pets-5英語運用練習題
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英語等級考試pets-5英語運用練習題
SECTION II Use of English
( 15 minutes)
Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with one suitable word. Write
your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Pay and productivity, it is generally assumed, should be related. But the relationship seems to weaken (31)_______.people get older.
Mental ability declines (32)_______age. That is the same for the brainy and the dim--and not (33)_______for humans: it is measurable even (34)_______fruit flies. (35)_______minds that keep lively will suffer less than the lazy. In general, the more education you have, the more productive your old (36)_______will be.
Some (37)_______decline faster than others. According to most studies, peoples numeri-cal and reasoning abilities are (38)_______their best in their 20s and early 30s. (39)_______ abilities--those that depend on knowledge--may improve with age.
For most workers, decreased abilities will (40)_______to lower productivity ; only a minor- ity will find know-how and knowledge outweighs their failing powers. Even those employees who remain highly productive will be likely to shine only in a narrow (41)_______Academics notice this. It is less clear that employers do. Studies of supervisors ratings show no clear correlation (42)_______ age and perceived productivity. When other employees views are (43)_______into account though, the picture changes: these ratings suggest that workers in their 30s are the (44)_______productive and hardworking, (45)_______scores falling there- after.
That is (46)_______up by studies of work samples, which fmd lower productivity among the oldest employees. A study for Americas Department of Labor showed job performance peaking at 35, and (47)_______declining. It varied by industry: the fall was (48) in foot- wear, but faster in furniture.
Intellectual occupations are harder to measure, but the picture is the same. Academics seem to publish (49)_______ as they age. Painters, musicians and writers show the same tendency. Their output peaks in their 30s and 40s. The only (50)_______is female writers, who are m6st productive in their 50s.
1 THAT IS THE END OF SECTION TW0.
1 DO NOT READ OR WORK ON THE NEXT SECTl0N UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD T0.
31.as
【精析】此空上一句意為：“人們普遍認為工資和生產(chǎn)率應該是相關的�！毕乱痪湟鉃椋骸暗沁@種關系在減弱…人們在變老�！笨芍鄙龠B詞，引導時間狀語從句，主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生，應填as，意為“隨著…”。
32.wim
【精析】此句話意為：“心理能力…年齡下降�！庇纱丝梢酝茰y出是指隨著年齡而下降。decline with表示“隨著…而下降”。
33.only
【精析】該句話句意為：“不管是大腦聰明的人還是愚笨的人這都是一樣的”�！斑@不…是對于人類來說，即使是對果蠅來說也是一樣”。由整句話可以推測出缺少“僅僅”一詞，因此可以填出only一詞。
34.for
【精析】上一空填出來后便不難填出此空。此題可參考第33題的精析。
35.But
【精析】該句話意為：“…活躍的大腦會比懶散的大腦受到的影響要小。在一般情況下，你受到的教育越多，年老時你就會越富有�！笨芍颂幮枰顚懸粋�關聯(lián)詞，與上一句話承接起來。聯(lián)系上下旬可知此處并非并列與遞進而是轉(zhuǎn)折。故填But。
36.age
【精析】該句句意為：“在一般情況下，你受到的教育越多，…時你就會越富有。”此處用了“the more…the more…”的比較結構。意思是說年輕時受教育程度越高，年老時收獲就會越多。可以推測出填age一詞。
37.abilities
【精析】該段段意為：“有些…下降比其他的要快。根據(jù)多數(shù)研究，人們的數(shù)字和推理能力表現(xiàn)最好的時候是…他們二三十歲左右。那些依賴于知識的…能力，可能隨著年齡增長而提高�！笨芍硕握f的是人的某些能力。不難推測出應填abilities。
38 at
【精析】句意為：“人的數(shù)學和推理能力在二三十歲左右表現(xiàn)最好”。at one’s best time為固定搭配。表示在做某事的最佳時期。
39.Other
【精析】參考第37題的精析。Some…and other…經(jīng)常連用。聯(lián)系上面的內(nèi)容可知，此處說的是其他的能力。
40.1ead
【精析】該句句意為“對于大多數(shù)的工人來說，能力下降會…生產(chǎn)力下降”�？芍颂幈硎救鄙俦硎尽皩е�，引起”類的詞。并且此空后面的to也能給予一定的提示，因此填lead。
41.field
【精析】該句句意為“即使是那些保持高生產(chǎn)力的員工有可能只在一個狹窄的…里發(fā)光�！备鶕�(jù)句意可以推測得知應填“領域”一詞。故填filed。表示在一個狹隘的領域里能有一些作為。
42.between
【精析】該句句意為“關于主管評級的研究表明年齡和認知生產(chǎn)率…沒有明顯的相關性�！眀etween…and…，理解句意的基礎上不難填出’between一詞。表示在年齡和生產(chǎn)力之間。
43.taken
【精析]take something into account是一個固定搭配。把…考慮進來。該句句意為：“當其他員工的意見都被考慮到時…”。此處需要用被動，故填taken。
44.most
【精析】該句句意為：“這些評級表明，工人在30多歲時生產(chǎn)效率…并工作最努力，之后其分數(shù)會隨之下降�！笨芍丝找钜粋�最高級。故填most。
45.with
【精析】參考第44題的精析，表示伴隨著。并且可以從fall獲得提示。fall with表示隨著…而下降。
46.backed
【精析】該句句意為“對工作樣本的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)老員工生產(chǎn)率低。這一研究支持了…”。該空相對較難。back up是短語，意為“支持”。
47.then
【精析】該句句意為“美國勞工部門研究顯示工作績效峰值為35歲，…開始下降�！贝颂帒撎畋硎具f進關系的詞“然后”。故填then。
48.slower
【精析】該句句意為“它因行業(yè)不同而不同：下跌…是鞋類生產(chǎn)行業(yè)，較快的是家具行業(yè)�！睆脑摼湓挷浑y看出填lower一詞，與后面的fas—ter形成對比。
49.1ess
【精析】該句句意為：“在一些智力要求很高的職業(yè)中，是難以測量的，是因為他們…公布自己的年齡�！笨芍捎诤苌俟疾艜沟脺y量變難，應填less一詞。
50.exception
【精析】該句句意為“畫家、音樂家和作家也表現(xiàn)出同樣的趨勢。他們的輸出峰值也出現(xiàn)在30多歲和40多歲。唯一的…是女性作家，其輸出峰值出現(xiàn)在50多歲時�！备鶕�(jù)句意這里是說唯一的例外是女性作家�？梢蕴畛鰁xception一詞。
英語等級考試pets-5英語運用練習題
One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ______(1)_______, which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue _______(2)________. Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.
Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers _______(3)______. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and _______(4)______. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined ________(5)_______. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.
A. to play an important role in newspaper operations
B. was the growth of telegraph services
C. and they usually enjoy great prestige
D. they are usually operated by a single owner
E. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs
F. owned by a single person or organization
KEY: BAFDE
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