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最新英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試五級(jí)wsk模擬預(yù)測(cè)試題
全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（Public English Test System，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)PETS），是教育部考試中心設(shè)計(jì)并負(fù)責(zé)的全國(guó)性英語(yǔ)水平考試體系。下面是小編收集整理的最新英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試五級(jí)wsk模擬預(yù)測(cè)試題，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
Section II Use of English
(15 minutes)
Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The most obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or services. The second(31)__________ is to sell the product. The second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the(32) __________The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products. They also try to per-suade customers to buy the (33) __________by creating a desire (34) __________it. Because of advertisement, con-sumers think that they want something that they do not need. After buying something, the purchaser cannot alwaysexplain why it was (35) __________ Even (36) __________the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought something, the manufacturers(37) __________. Manufacturers have analyzed the business of (38) __________ and buying. They know all the differ-ent motives that influence a consumer s purchase--some rational and (39) __________ emotional. Furthermore, they take advantage of this (40) __________
Why (41) __________ so many products displayed at the checkout counters in grocery stores? The store manage-ment has some good (42) __________. By the time the customer is (43) __________to pay for a purchase, he or shehas already made rational, thought-out decisions (44) __________ what he or she needs and wants to buy. The(45) __________ __ feels that he or she has done a good job of choosing the items. The shopper is especially vulnerableat this point. The (46) __________ of candy, chewing gum, and magazines are very attractive. They persuade thepurchaser to buy something for emotional, not (47) __________motives. For example, the customer neither needs norplans to buy candy, but while the customer is standing, waiting to pay money, he or she may suddenly decide to buy(48) __________This is exactly (49) __________the store and the manufacturer hope that the customer will(50) __________. The customer follows his or her plan.
Section III Reading Comprehension
(50 minutes)
Part A：Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1
Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip-top condition, with fair hair, crew-cuts, good teeth, an uncomplicated sense of humour and a severely limited non-technical vocabulary.
What marks out an astronaut from his earthbound fellow human beings is something of a difficult problem.Should you wish to interview him, you must apply beforehand, and you must be prepared for a longish wait, even ifyour application meets with success. It is, in any case, out of the question to interview an astronaut about his familylife or personal activities, Because all the astronauts have contracts with an American magazine under conditions for-bidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives.
Certain obvious qualities are needed. Anyone who would be a spaceman must be in perfect health, must havepowers of concentration( since work inside a spacecraft is exceptionally demanding)and must have considerable cour-age. Again, space-work calls for dedication. Courage and dedication are particularly essential. In the well-knowncase of the Challenger seven crew members lost their lives in space because of the faulty equipment in the shuttle.Another must be outstanding scientific expertise. It goes without saying that they all have to have professional aero-nautical qualifications and experience.
A striking feature of the astronauts is their ages. For the younger man, in his twenties, say, space is out. Onlyone of the fifty men working for NASA in 1970 was under 30. The oldest astronaut to date is Alan Shepard,Americas first man in space, who, at nearly fifty, was also the man who captained Apollo 13. The average age isthe late thirties. The crew members of Apollo 11 were all born well before the Second World War. In 1986 the Chal-lenger astronauts had an average age of 39. The range was from 35 to 46.
In a society where marital continuity is not always exhibited, the astronauts record in this respect hits you in theeye. Of all the married men in NASA group, only two or three are divorced from their wives. Mind you, it is hardto tell whether something in the basic character of an astronaut encourages fidelity or whether the selection processdemands that a candidate should be happily married.
The NASA astronauts live in unattractive small communities dotted here and there around the base in Texas.You would expect them to fmd their friends from among their professional associates, But this is not the case. Rath-er, they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their districts. Astronauts, like everybody else, must get fedup with talking shop all the time, and whereas they are indeed an elite, their daily life outside work should be as nor-mal as possible, if only for the sake of their families.
As for the astronauts political leanings, they seem to be towards the right. This may be due to the fact that a large proportion of the astronauts have a military background. On the other hand, it could be just coincidence.
51. Details of the private life of an astronaut are hard to come by, Because they are __________
[A] his own business and privacy
[B] secrets as far as interviews are concerned
[C] the property of an American magazine
[D] the first-rate national confidential information
52. To audience, the typical American astronaut __________
[A] has a limited vocabulary
[B] is a clean-cut, cheerful and frank guy
[C] cant understand a sophisticated joke
[D] is well-built but rather slow-witted
53. In politics, astronauts are generally__________
[A] democrats
[a] republicans
[C] conservatives
[D] communists
54. The phrase" talking shop" ( Line 4, Para. 6 ) probably means __________
[A] talking about shopping
[B] discussing ones work with colleagues
[C] exchanging personal news
[D] talking with friends in a group
55. Which of the statements is NOT true?
[A] Astronauts have a good job which demands high.
[B] The divorce rate in NASA is very low.
[C] The NASA astronauts mostly find friends from among their work.
[D] There is no younger man in his twenties in the spaceship.
Text 2
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would de-stroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the his-toric practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter; they are, in practice,more of a curse than a blessing.
Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women s needs andabilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Sec-ond World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thusmaking room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily orweekly work hours of women conveuiently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hourswere a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired,refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of "protecting" their health. By validating such laws whenthey are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageousemployment terms for women than for men, thus reducing women"s competitiveness on the job market. At the sametime, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs ofwomen. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans thatcover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and Childbirth.
Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actuallyin the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufac-turers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no effect whatever on the safety of anyactual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic e-nough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Pro-tectiv—— laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit allemployees without discriminating against any.
In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory.and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislatorsshould recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and that their needs--good health care, a decent wage,and a safe workplace--are the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate womens rights for equalprotection in employment.
56. According to the author, which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limiting
the work hours of women workers?
[A] Women workers were compelled to leave their jobs in factories.
[B] Many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for returning veterans.
[C] Many employers found it hard to attract women workers.
[D] The health of most women factory workers improved.
57. According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most help-ful in determining the value of special .protective labor legislation for women?
[A] A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did not.
[B] An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws.
[C] An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws.
[D] An examination of the actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women workers.
58. The main point of the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers are__________
[A] unnecessary because most workers are well protected by existing labor laws
[B] harmful to the economic interests of women workers while offering them little or no actual protection
[C] not worth preserving even though they do represent a hardwon legacy of the labor movement
[D] controversial because male workers receive less protection than they require
59. The author implies that which of the following is characteristic of many employee health insurance plans?
[A] They cover all the common medical conditions affecting men, but only some of those affecting women.
[B] They lack the special provisions for women workers that proposed special labor laws for women would provide.
[C] They pay the medical costs associated with pregnancy and childbirth only for the spouses of male em-ployees, not for female employees.
[D] They meet minimum legal requirements, but do not adeqately safeguard the health of either male or female employees.
60. According to the passage, special labor laws protecting women workers tend generally to have which of the following effects?
[A] They tend to modify the stereotypes employees often hold concerning women.
[B] They increase the advantage to employers of hiring men instead of women, making it less likely that women will be hired.
[C] They decrease the likelihood that employers will offer more protection to women workers than that which is absolutely required by law.
[D] They increase the tendency of employers to deny health insurance and disability plans to women workers.
Text 3
Before a big exam, a sound nights sleep will do you better than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is thefolk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studiescannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is whenpermanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night,to flush away what is superfluous.
To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after adecade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. Theparticular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brainand body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as i!watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that peopleare most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.
Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task duringthe day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, inresponse to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster.What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern--what is referred to as"artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was presen!than when there was not.
What is more, those with more to learn ( i. e. the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing thebutton) have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuliwould be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposedto unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.
The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactiva-tion during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, onthe eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the nextday are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.
61. Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to__________
[A] how dreams are modified in their courses
[B] the difference between sleep and wakefulness
[C] why sleep is of great benefit to memory
[D] the functions of a good night s sleep
62. As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by__________
[A] intensely active bralnwave traces
[B] subjects quicker response times
[C] complicated memory patterns
[D] revival of events in the previous day
63. By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show__________
[A] its significance in the study
[B] an inherent pattern being learnt
[C] its resemblance to the lights
[D] the importance of a night s sleep
64. tn their study, researchers led by Pierre Maquet took advantage of the technique of__________
[A] exposing a long-held folk wisdom
[B] clarifying the predictions on dreams
[C] making contrasts and comparisons
[D] correlating effects with their causes
65. What advice might Maquet give to those who have a crucial test the next day?
[A] Memorizing grammar with great efforts.
[B] Study textbooks with close attention.
[C] Have their brain images recorded.
[D] Enjoy their sleep at night soundly.
Part B：In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66 —— 70, choose the most suitableparagraph from the list A —— F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in anyof the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Periodically in history, there come periods of great transition in which work changes its meaning. There was atime, perhaps 10,000 years ago, when human beings stopped feeding themselves by hunting game and gatheringplants, and increasingly turned to agriculture. In a way, that represented the invention of "work".
Then, in the latter decades of the 18th century, as the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, there wasanother transition in which the symbols of work were no longer the hoe and the plow; they were replaced by the milland the assembly line.
66._____________________________________
With the Industrial Revolution, machinery--powered first by steam, then by electricity and internal combustion engines--took over the hard physical tasks and relieved the strain on human and animal muscles.
67. _____________________________________
And yet, such jobs have been characteristic of the human condition in the first three-quarters of the 20th centu-ry. They ve made too little demand on the human mind and spirit to keep them fresh and alive, made too much de-mand for any machine to serve the purpose until now.
The electronic computer, invented in the 1940 s and improved at breakneck speed, was a machine that, for thefirst time, seemed capable of doing work that had until then been the preserve of the human mind. With the coming ofthe microchip in the 1970 s, computers became compact enough, versatile enough and (most important of all) cheapenough to serve as the brains of affordable machines that could take their place on the assembly line and in the office.
68._____________________________________
First, what will happen to the human beings who have been working at these disappearing jobs?
Second, where will we get the human beings that will do the new jobs that will appear--jobs that are deman-ding, interesting and mind-exercising, but that requires a high-tech level of thought and education?
69._____________________________________
The first problem, that of technological unemployment, will be temporary, for it will arise out of the fact thatthere is now a generation of employees who have not been educated to fit the computer age. However, (in advancednations, at least) they will be the last generation to be so lacking, so that with them this problem will disappear or,at least, diminish to the point of non-crisis proportions.
The second problem--that of developing a large enough number of high-tech minds to run a high-tech world-will be no problem at all, once we adjust our thinking.
70._____________________________________
Right now, creativity seems to be confined to a very few, and it is easy to suppose that that is the way it must be.
However, with the proper availability of computerized education, humanity will surprise the elite few once again.
A. There remained, however, the "easier" labor--the labor that required the human eyes, ears, judgment andmind but no sweating. It nevertheless had its miseries, for it tended to be dull, repetitious, and boring.And there is always the sour sense of endlessly doing something unpleasant under compulsion.
B. For one thing, much of human effort that is today put into "running the world" will be unnecessary. Withcomputers, robots and automation, a great dead of the daily grind will appear to be running itself. This isnothing startling. It is a trend that has been rapidly on its way ever since World War]I.
C. And now we stand at the brink of a change that will be the greatest of all, for work in its old sense will dis-appear altogether. To most people, work has always been an effortful exercising of mind or body--com-pelled by the bitter necessity of earning the necessities of life--plus an occasional period of leisure in whichto rest or have fun.
D. Clearly there will be a painful period of transition, one that is starting already, and one that will be in full swing as the 21st century begins.
E. In the first place, the computer age will introduce a total revolution in our notions of education, and is begin-ning to do so now. The coming of the computer will make learning fun, and a successfully stimulated mindwill learn quickly. It will undoubtedly turn out that the "average" child is much more intelligent and creativethan we generally suppose. There was a time, after all, when the ability to read and write was confined to avery small group of "scholars" and almost all of them would have scouted the notion that just about anyonecould learn the intricacies of literacy. Yet with mass education general literacy came to be a fact.
F. This means that the dull, the boring, the repetitious, the mind-stultifying work will begin to disappear fromthe job market--is already beginning to disappear. This, of course, will introduce two vital sets of prob-lem-is already introducing them.
Part C：Answer questions 71 —— 80 by referring to the following places of interest.
Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once.
A =The Imperial Palace
B =The Temple of Heaven
C =Potala Palace
D =Jokhang TempleWhich palace or temple ...
is the spiritual center of Tibet?71.__________
is circular in the northern part while square in the southem part?72.__________
presents the largest and most complete ensemble of traditional architecture?73.__________
covers a building space of 90 thousand square meters?74.__________
is the oldest one among the four in the text?75.__________
can present the visitor the significance of Heaven Kitchen?76.__________
is a combination of architectural styles from Han，Tibetan and Nepalese?77.__________
was the religious and political center of old Tibet?78.__________
is along with many comparatively small buildings on either side?79.__________
presents an edict signed with the Great Fiful’S handprint?80.__________
The Imperial Palace
What strikes one first in a bird s-eye view of Beijing proper is a vast tract of golden roofs flashing bril-liantly in the sun with purple walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves flanking oneach side. That is the former Imperial Palace, popularly known as the Forbidden City, from which twenty-four em-perors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for some 500 years--from 1420 to 1911. The Ming Emperor Yong Le, who usurped the throne from his nephew and made Beijing the capital, ordered its construction, on whichapproximately I0,000 artists and a million workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420. At present, the Palaceis an elaborate museum that presents the largest and most complete ensemble of traditional architecture complex andmore than 900, 000 pieces of court treasures in all dynasties in China.
Located in the center of Beijing, the entire palace area, rectangular in shape and72 hectares in size, is surroun-ded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide. At each comer of the wall stands a watchtower with adouble-eave roof covered with yellow glazed tiles.
The main buildings, the six great halls, one following the other, are set facing south along the central north-south axis from the Meridian Gate, the south entrance, to Shenwumen, the great gate piercing in the north wall. Oneither side of the palace are many comparatively small buildings. Symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the sixEastern Palaces and in the northwestern section the six Western Palaces. The Palace area is divided into two parts:the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The former consists of the first three main hails, where the emperor receivedhis courtiers and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the imperial residence. Atthe rear of the Inner Palace is the Imperial Garden where the emperor and his family sought recreation.
The Temple of Heaven
The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle Year 18 of the Ming Dynasty ( in 1420). Situatedin the southern part of the city, it covers the total area of 273 hectares. With the additions and rebuilding during theMing, Qing and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and glorious; the dignified environ-ment appears solemn and respectful. It is the place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty s Emperors to worship Heavenand pray for good harvest. The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square, implying"sky is round and earth is square" to better symbolize heaven and earth. The whole compound is enclosed by twowalls, dividing the whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in the inner area. Themost important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven,The Imperial Vault of Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the Triple-Sound Stone, the Seven-Star Stone and others of historic interest and scenic beauty. The Temple of Heaven is acomprehensive expression of the unique construction techniques from Ming and Qing Dynasties; it is China s mosttreasured ancient architecture; it is also the world s largest architectural complex for worshipping heaven. In 1998,it was included in the "list of the world heritages" by the United Nation s Educational, Scientific and Cultural Or-ganization.
Potala Palace
In 641, after marrying Princess Wencheng, Songtsen Gampo decided to build a grand palace to accom-modate her and let his descendants remember the event. However, the original palace was destroyed due to a lighte-ning strike and succeeding warfare during Landama s reign. In the seventeenth century under the reign of the FifthDalai Lama, Potala was rebuilt. The Thirteenth Dalai Lama expanded it to today s scale. The monastery-like pal-ace, reclining against and capping Red Hill, was the religious and political center of old Tibet and the winter palaceof Dalai Lamas. The palace is more than 117 meters (384 feet) in height and 360 ( 1,180 feet) in width, occupyinga building space of 90 thonsand square meters. Potala is composed of White Palace and Red Palace. The former isfor secular use while the latter is for religious.
The White Palace consists of offices, dormitories, a Buddhist official seminary and a printing house. From theeast entrance of the palace, painted with images of Four Heaveniy Kings, a broad corridor upwards leads to DeyangShar .courtyard, which used to be where Dalai Lamas watched operas. Afoot the large and open courtyard, there usedto be a seminary dormitories. West of the courtyard is the White Palace. There are three ladder stairs reaching in-side of it, liowever, tbe central one was reserved for only Dalai Lamas and central government magistrates dispatched
to Tibet. In the first hallway, there are huge murals describing the construction of Potala Palace and Jokhang Templeand the procession of Princess Wencheng reaching Tibet. On the south wall, visitors will see an edict signed with theGreat Fifth s handprint. The White Palace mainly serves as the political headquarter and Dalai Lamas living quarters.The West Chamber of Sunshine and the East Chamber of Sunshine lie as the roof of the White Palace. They belongedto the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and the Fourteenth Dalai Lama respectively. Beneath the East Chamber of Sunshine is thelargest hall in the White Palace, where Dalai Lamas ascended throne and ruled Tibet.
Jokhang Temple
Jokhang Temple is the spiritual center of Tibet. Everyday pilgrims from every comer of Tibet trek along distance to the temple. Some of them even progress prostrate by body length to the threshold of the temple. Pil-grims fuel myriad of flickering butter lamps with yak butter, or honor their deities with white scarves ( Kha-btags orHada) while murmuring sacred mantras to show their pieties to the Buddha.
It lies at the center of the old Lhasa. Built in 647 by Songtsen Gampo and his two foreign wives, it has ahistory of more than 1,300. It was said that Nepal Princess Tritsun decided to build a temple to house the JowoSakyamuni aged 12 brought by Chinese Princess Wencheng. Princess Wencheng reckoned according to Chinese as-trology that the temple should be built on the pool where the Jokhang now locates. She contended that the pool wasa witch s heart, so the temple should be built on the pool to get dd of evils. The pool still exists under the temple.Then goats were used as the main pack animals, as is the reason the city is called Lhasa. The construction took 12months. However it was originally small and had been expanded to today s scale in later dynasties. When the FifthDalai Lama took reign, large-scale reconstruction and renovation had been done. The temple is a combination ofHan, Tibetan and Nepalese architectural techniques. Visitors will see sphinx and other weird and sacred sculptures.
Section IV Writing
(40 minutes )
It is often said that the subjects taught in schools are too academic in orientation and that it would be more use-ful for children to learn about practical matters such as home management, work and interpersonal skills. To whatextent do you agree or disagree?
You should write no less than 250 words. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET 2.
THE END OF THE TEST
答案及解析
31.purpose 【解析】從文中的第一句話(huà)“The most obvious purpose…”可以看出后面還有別的目的，而不是僅僅有最明顯的目的。故答案為purpose。
32.first 【解析】根據(jù)題意，作者想在這里做一個(gè)比較，而比較的對(duì)象是目的。這里作者僅僅給出了兩個(gè)目的，所以這里是和第一個(gè)目的進(jìn)行比較。故答案為first。
33.production【解析】從前一句話(huà)“The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products.”可以看出，一方面廣告要介紹自己的產(chǎn)品，而第二個(gè)目的就是賣(mài)掉自己的產(chǎn)品。所以這里作者想要表達(dá)的意思是“廣告要使得顧客有一種購(gòu)買(mǎi)的欲望去購(gòu)買(mǎi)自己的產(chǎn)品�！惫蚀鸢笧閜roduction。
34.for 【解析】解析見(jiàn)上題。desire后面用介詞for。故答案為for，表示“…的欲望”。
35.bought 【解析】本句的前一句話(huà)說(shuō)“顧客認(rèn)為他們需要一些他們其實(shí)不需要的商品�！边@就是廣告的作用。但是買(mǎi)完之后，“他們卻不知道當(dāng)時(shí)為什么買(mǎi)了這種商品。”這里是被動(dòng)的句式。故答案為bought。
36.though 【解析】本句話(huà)的意思是“盡管知道顧客們可能不知道自己為什么買(mǎi)了這些商品，但是賣(mài)家卻知道怎么去做�！惫蚀鸢笧閠hough.
37.do 【解析】解析見(jiàn)上題，為了避免與前面的know重復(fù)，這里可以換做do。故答案為do。
38.selling 【解析】關(guān)鍵是看and后面的buying。本句話(huà)的意思是“商家分析市場(chǎng)的供需情況。”故答案為selling。
39.some 【解析】關(guān)鍵是注意and前后一致。“some rational and…emotional”，前面說(shuō)促使顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)的動(dòng)機(jī)有很多，有的是理性的，有的卻是沖動(dòng)。所以這里應(yīng)該是some。故答案為some.
40.knowledge【解析】前面講商家正確地分析市場(chǎng)的供需信息，知道是什么因素影響顧客的購(gòu)買(mǎi)欲望。這就是他們利用的信息知識(shí)。故答案為knowledge。
41.are 【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里缺少系動(dòng)詞be來(lái)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式。故答案為are。
42.reasons 【解析】本段的第一句話(huà)提出問(wèn)題，問(wèn)為什么在結(jié)算處擺設(shè)了那么多的商品。很明顯，后面的文章對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行回答。并列舉了原因。故答案為reasons。
43.ready 【解析】顧客來(lái)到結(jié)算處，說(shuō)明他們準(zhǔn)備好了要付賬。Be ready to的意思是“準(zhǔn)備好了做某事”。故答案為ready。
44.on 【解析】“…的決定”英語(yǔ)表達(dá)為“decision on sth.”這里介詞需要用0n。故答案為On。
45.customer 【解析】從這個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)“…that he or she has done a good job of choosing the items.”可以看出，這里說(shuō)的是顧客的行為，他們認(rèn)為自己買(mǎi)這些商品是很理性的。故答案為customer。
4.6.display 【解析】這里要回應(yīng)本段第一句話(huà)中的“displayed”。在出口結(jié)算處展示的這些小商品無(wú)疑是一種誘惑。這里需要用名詞形式。故答案為display。
47.rational 【解析】從文章的后面可以知道，顧客們已經(jīng)要結(jié)算了，認(rèn)為都買(mǎi)了該買(mǎi)的商品。但是售貨員在他們等著付賬的過(guò)程中巧妙地利用顧客們的購(gòu)物沖動(dòng)向他們推銷(xiāo)，而不是理性購(gòu)物。故答案為rational。
48.some 【解析】這里需要填寫(xiě)的是商品的名稱(chēng)，就是說(shuō)擺在出口結(jié)算處的那些小商品。泛指時(shí)用some。故答案為some。
49.what 【解析】這句話(huà)的意思是“這就是商家和賣(mài)者希望顧客們做的事情”，what引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，故答案為what。
50.do 【解析】分析見(jiàn)上題。故答案為do。
Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(共計(jì)35分。權(quán)重35%)
Part A(每小題1分。共計(jì)15分)
Text 1
答案及解析
51.c 【解析】本文第二段中提到“…because all the astronauts have contracts with an American magazine under conditions forbidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives.”
52.B【解析】本文第一句提到“Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip—top condition，with fair hair，crew-cuts，good teeth and…”.
53.B 【解析】由本文倒數(shù)第一段中的“As for the astronauts’political leanings，they seem to be towards the right.”
54.B【解析】talk shop意為“談公事”。
55.C 【解析】A、B、D在文中均提到，是正確的，而C不對(duì)，文中提到“You would expect them to find their friends from their professional associates，but this is not the case.Rather，they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their districts.”
Text 2
答案及解析
56.A【解析】從第二段前兩句話(huà)可以看出，婦女被以能力和需要的理由勸離工廠(chǎng)，故A項(xiàng)正確。沒(méi)有足夠的工作給老兵不是由限制婦女工作時(shí)間的法律造成的，所以B項(xiàng)不正確。C項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。根據(jù)文章第三段可知婦女的健康不是改善了，而是下降了，故D項(xiàng)也不正確。
57.D【解析】A、B、C項(xiàng)文中均沒(méi)有提到。根據(jù)第三段的論述，可知D項(xiàng)是惟一正確的。
58.B【解析】根據(jù)第三段和第四段的論述，我們可以得知作者的總體看法，即特別的勞工防護(hù)法并沒(méi)有保護(hù)婦女的權(quán)益，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)與作者的觀點(diǎn)明顯相悖，所以不正確。C項(xiàng)從文中不能推知，故不正確。文中沒(méi)有提到男性工人的保護(hù)問(wèn)題，故D項(xiàng)也不正確。59.A【解析】由第二段最后一句話(huà)可知A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)不能從文中推知。C項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。男性工人的健康在法律中是得到考慮了的，故D項(xiàng)不正確。
60.B【解析】對(duì)于婦女的慣常思維沒(méi)有因?yàn)榉啥兓�，所以A項(xiàng)不正確。根據(jù)第二段第一句話(huà)可知B項(xiàng)正確。從常識(shí)判斷，雇主是不會(huì)主動(dòng)提出提高婦女權(quán)益保護(hù)的，所以他們的保護(hù)不會(huì)比立法前多，故C項(xiàng)是不正確的。D項(xiàng)從文中不能推斷出。
Text 3
答案及解析
61.C【解析】文中第一段提到“But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory.”所以他們對(duì)為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶有好處持有不同的觀點(diǎn)，故應(yīng)選C。
62.A【解析】第二段中指出“…when brain and body are active”，大腦積極運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是眼珠快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的主要特征，且在第三、四段又再次說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)B“被研究者更快的反應(yīng)速度”，選項(xiàng)C“復(fù)雜的記憶模式”和選項(xiàng)D“前一天事件的重現(xiàn)”都不是眼球快速運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要特征。故應(yīng)選A。
63.B【解析】原文的第三段最后“What they did not know…followed a pattern-what is referred to as “artificial grammar”.Yet the reductions in response time showed that…”說(shuō)明了這種內(nèi)在模式，也就是“artificial grantor”，對(duì)于記憶的重要性。故應(yīng)選B。
64.C【解析】這個(gè)題考察的是對(duì)后面幾段的歸納。首先在第三段開(kāi)始“Dr.Maquet used all electronic device called PET…they practiced a task during the day，and as they slept during the following night.”這是一種對(duì)比性的研究方法。后來(lái)的第四段最后“…their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.”也采用了對(duì)比的分析研究，故應(yīng)選C。
65.D【解析】這是一個(gè)通篇的中心歸納的考察題。文章一開(kāi)始就指出“Before a big exam.a sound night’s sleep will do you better than poring over textbooks.”意思是在晚上好好的睡覺(jué)對(duì)記憶是有好處的。最后作者又歸納了研究的結(jié)果，“…concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep….”也說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)性知識(shí)在REM睡眠中是可以鞏固的。故應(yīng)選D。
Part B(每小題2分，共計(jì)l0分)答案及解析
66.C【解析】由此處上段的“there was another transition…they were replaced by the mill and the assembly line.”可知，工業(yè)革命以后，人們不需要像以前那樣賣(mài)力氣地工作了。而后面選項(xiàng)中的“we stand at the brink of a change…”說(shuō)明了此事，故應(yīng)選C。
67.A【解析】由上段的最后一句話(huà)“took over the hard physical tasks and relieved the strain on human and animal muscles.”可知答案為A。后面選項(xiàng)中的“the labor that required the human eyes，ears，judgment and mind but no sweating”與之呼應(yīng)，故應(yīng)選A。
68.F【解析】從后面的first，second等字眼可以看出答案為F，因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)中的“This，of course，will introduce two vital sets of problem-is already introducing them.”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故應(yīng)選F。
69.D【解析】此處的上面提到了兩個(gè)閥題，而選項(xiàng)D中也對(duì)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題做出了相應(yīng)的解釋。故應(yīng)選D。
70.E【解析】文章的最后一段中指出“a very few”、“the elite few”，而選項(xiàng)中的“a very small group of ‘scholars”’也正是指出了這種情況，故應(yīng)選E。
Part C(每小題1分，共計(jì)10分)答案及解析
71.D【解析】由D中的第一句“Jokhang Temple is the spiritual center of Tibet.”可知。
72.B 【解析】由B中的第五句話(huà)“The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square，”可知。
73.A【解析】由A中的第一段最后一句話(huà)“At present，the Palace is an elaborate museum that presents the largest and most complete ensemble of traditional architecture…”可知。
74.C【解析】由C中的第一段倒數(shù)第三句話(huà)“…occupying a building space of 90 thousand square meters”可知。
75.D【解析】由D中的第二段“…it has a history of more than 1，300” 可知。
76.B【解析】由B中的后面部分“The most important constructions… Heaven Kitchen.…others of historic interest and scenic beauty.”可知。
77.D【解析】由D中的最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話(huà)“The temple is a combination of Han.Tibetan and Nepalese architectural techniques.”可知。
78.C 【解析】由C中的第一段“The monastery—like palace…Was the religious and political center of old Tibet and the winter palace of Dalai Lamas.”可知。
79.A 【解析】由A中的第三段第二句話(huà)“On either side of the palace are many comparatively small buildings.”可知。
80.C【解析】由c中的第二段“0n the south wall，visitors will see an edict signed with the Great Fifth’s handprint.”可知。
Section IV Writing(計(jì)25分，權(quán)重25%)
One possible version:
A criticism often heard these days is that the subjects taught in schools tend to be too academic, and contribute little to preparing a young person for the real-life tasks he or she will have to perform after graduation. They say that academic subjects are rooted in the past, and are not useful for solving modern problems. I disagree with this point of view for three reasons.
My first reason is that it is the duty of parents, not teachers, to prepare their children to deal with the practical affairs of life. The home, not the classroom, is the ideal place to learn about home management and interpersonal skills. As for work abilities and attitudes, they are best learned "on the job" and under the supervision of an experienced older worker.
My second reason is that academic subjects have withstood the test of time. They represent the accumulated wisdom of our ancestors down through the ages, and far from being impractical, they equip us with the knowledge and confidence to make sound judgments about any problems which may crop up. In addition, academic subjects are good for training us in mental discipline, while practical subjects are weak in this regard.
My third reason is based on the saying "Man can t live only on the bread. " .Schooldays devoted solely to instruction in down-to-earth practical matters would be dull indeed! Lessons in the best literature of the world and the epoch-making scientific and geographical discoveries of the past enrich our lives and make us feel that we are part of the great family of mankind. All in all, the teaching of academic subjects in schools is entirely appropriate. What I firmly do hold is that practical subjects have no place in the classroom. On the contrary, the curriculum should be more academic!
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