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2023年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練

　　現(xiàn)如今，我們經(jīng)常接觸到試題，試題是命題者根據(jù)一定的考核需要編寫(xiě)出來(lái)的。大家知道什么樣的試題才是好試題嗎？以下是小編為大家整理的2023年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

2023年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練

　　全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練1

　　The World.s Longest Bridge

　　Rumor has it that a legendary(傳說(shuō)的)six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily._________(46)When completed in 2010,the worlds longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons--equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic-- and stretch 5 kilometers long."Thats nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built," says structural engineer Shane Rixon.

　　_________(47)Theyre suspension bridges,massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges(峽谷).A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structures mammoth(巨大的)weight,thanks to hefty(高強(qiáng)度的)supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge.The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,100-ton towers,which will support most of the bridge s load.The beefy(結(jié)實(shí)的)cables of the bridge,each 1.2 meter in diameter,will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built.

　　When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005,the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers._________(48)Getting these cables up will be something.Its not just their length--totally 5.3 kilometers--but their weight._________(49)

　　After lowering vertical "suspender" cables from the main cables,builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54,630-ton steel roadway,or deck--wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic.

　　The decks weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons.In return,the cables yank(拽)up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons--equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars.Those anchors are essential._________(50)

　　A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.

　　B.What do the worlds longest bridges have in common?

　　C.If true,one day you might spy the beast while zipping(呼嘯而過(guò))across the Messina Strait Bridge.

　　D.Theyre what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.

　　E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.

　　F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons--more than half the bridges total mass.

　　試題答案及解析

　　46.C。選項(xiàng)C中有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞beast，與第一句中的monster相呼應(yīng)。所以C是答案。

　　47.B。第二段第二句的主語(yǔ)是they。由于表語(yǔ)是suspension bridges，they替代的一定是前面句子出現(xiàn)過(guò)的bridges。六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有B含有bridges。填在第二段段首，意思連貫。

　　48.E�？瞻滋幥懊娴木渥又杏衪he first job這幾個(gè)詞。有first，必有second/then。六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有E含有the second job，所以E是答案。

　　49.F�？瞻滋幥懊娴木渥诱f(shuō)的是，把這些吊索吊高定位是有難度的，不僅僅由于它們很長(zhǎng)，還由于它們很重。后面應(yīng)該接著說(shuō)吊索的情況，選項(xiàng)F具體地介紹了它們的重量。

　　50.D�？瞻滋幥懊娴木渥诱f(shuō)的是，橋樁很重要。后面接著還應(yīng)該說(shuō)橋樁的事情，選項(xiàng)D解釋了橋樁的作用，故選D。

　　全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練2

　　Einstein Named "Person of the Century"

　　Albert Einstein,whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel(解決)the secrets of the atom and of the universe,was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.

　　A man whose very name is synonymous(同義的)with scientific genius,Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology."The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history.The reason is not political or economic,but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einsteins significance._________(46)

　　Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism,and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon(象征)for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.

　　"What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism,Gandhi personifying(象征，體現(xiàn))the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights,and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom,"said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.

　　Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany in 1879_________(47)He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams ,In 1905,however,he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history._________(48)Everything else- mass,weight,space,even time itself--is a variable(變量).And he offered the world his now-famous equation(方程式): energy equals mass times the speed of light squared--E=mc2.

　　_________(49)"There was less faith in absolutes,not only of time and space but also of truth and morality " Einsteins famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons.In 1939,six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University,Einstein,an avowed pacifist,signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did._________(50)Einstein did not work on the project.Einstein died in Princeton,New Jersey in 1955.

　　A."Indirectly,relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality,art and politics,"Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Times choices.

　　B.How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general publics view about Albert Einstein

　　C."Clearly,no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Elnstel .

　　D.Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon

　　E.In his early years,Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become——

　　F.In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

　　答案解析

　　46.C。本文主要講愛(ài)因斯坦為20世紀(jì)人類科學(xué)做出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。本段是理論物理學(xué)家史蒂芬霍金在《時(shí)代》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇評(píng)價(jià)愛(ài)因斯坦所做貢獻(xiàn)的文章中的幾句話。

　　他說(shuō)世界在過(guò)去的100年發(fā)生的變化比以往任何一個(gè)世紀(jì)都大得多，其原因不在于政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)，而在于技術(shù)——由于基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的進(jìn)步而直接造就的新技術(shù)。兩句話并未提及愛(ài)因斯坦，因此此處選C最合適：“顯然，沒(méi)有一位科學(xué)家能比愛(ài)因斯坦更好地代表這些科學(xué)進(jìn)步�！眛hose在此發(fā)揮了銜接作用。

　　47.E。本段簡(jiǎn)要介紹了愛(ài)因斯坦的早年生平。E說(shuō)：“愛(ài)因斯坦在小時(shí)候并未顯示日后會(huì)成為大科學(xué)家的任何天賦�！焙笠痪湓拰�(shí)際上是對(duì)E的詳細(xì)解釋。

　　48.F。本段主要介紹愛(ài)因斯坦提出的相對(duì)論。第一句話告訴我們l905年的時(shí)候愛(ài)因斯坦發(fā)表了人類歷史上最具奇巧想象力的理論。第三、四句話是具體解釋相對(duì)論，F(xiàn)說(shuō)：“在‘特殊相對(duì)論’中，愛(ài)因斯坦描述了宇宙中為什么唯一恒定的是光速�！庇纱丝磥�(lái)F放在此處最合適，其中constant和variable意思相反，構(gòu)成詞匯銜接。

　　49.A。本段是伊薩克森在《時(shí)代》雜志上的一篇文章中對(duì)相對(duì)論的深遠(yuǎn)意義所做的評(píng)述。他說(shuō)：“相對(duì)論間接地為道德、藝術(shù)和政治領(lǐng)域中新相對(duì)主義的出現(xiàn)鋪平了道路�！焙笠痪涫菍�(duì)此的進(jìn)一步解釋。

　　50.D。本段主要講愛(ài)因斯坦與原子能和原子武器發(fā)展的關(guān)系。前一句告訴我們愛(ài)因斯坦于1939年在給羅斯�？偨y(tǒng)的一封信中敦促美國(guó)搶在納粹德國(guó)之前研制原子彈，并簽了名。D說(shuō)：“羅斯福對(duì)這項(xiàng)建議十分關(guān)注，遂制定了秘密制造第一顆原子彈的‘曼哈頓計(jì)劃’�！焙笠痪湔f(shuō)愛(ài)因斯坦未參與這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，其中the project指的就是the Manhattan Project。

　　全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試一級(jí)短文理解訓(xùn)練3

　　"Were going to move," Jimmy said to Mr.James her teacher, with tears(眼淚) in her eyes."Dad lost his job and now we dont have enough money to live in our house." Pam was walking by and just heard Jimmys talk with Mr.James.

　　In the lunchroom Pam met Carol and said, "Ive got something to tell you about Jimmy." As she started to tell Carol about Jimmys dad, several other classmates stopped to listen Pam felt bad telling what she had heard but she went on anyway.

　　After school, Pam saw some of her classmates talking to Jimmy."Where does your dad work?" one of the boys asked.Jimmys face turned red.She left without answering.Pam felt terrible, because she didnt mean to hurt Jimmy.And she hadnt thought that some of the classmates would make jokes and laugh at Jimmy about her fathers losing the job.Pom didnt know what she could do to help Jimmy.

　　36.The story wants to tell us ____.

　　(A)Its difficult to move away

　　(B)girls dont like to talk to boys

　　(C)students report to the teacher

　　(D)secrets are hard to keep

　　37.Jimmys family had to move because ____.

　　(A)her father lost his job

　　(B)they had a better place to live in

　　(C)her classmates were not kind enough

　　(D)her father changed his job

　　38.Jimmys face turning red show that she didnt ____.

　　(A)feel well enough