2016年9月10日雅思考試真題解析

　　九月十日的考試中, 一個(gè)關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)傳承的問(wèn)題打破了今年考試命題的中規(guī)中矩的規(guī)律. 盡管文化傳承一直是雅思大作文考試的話題之一, 但是縱觀歷年考試真題，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其出現(xiàn)的頻率寥寥無(wú)幾. 不巧的是, 在這個(gè)秋夏之交的時(shí)節(jié), 它橫空出世了.

　　考題如下：

　　Many countries are trying to improve the standard of living of their people through economic development. However, some people think that many customs and the traditional ways of behaviors are no longer relevant to the modern life and no worth keeping. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 20160910

　　盡管本題的題干部分內(nèi)容比較清晰，但是還是有很多考生在最開始審題階段出現(xiàn)了一些關(guān)鍵詞的遺漏。其實(shí)本題中的一個(gè)詞many是起到一個(gè)較為關(guān)鍵的作用的。因?yàn)�，如果想否定本題干的話，那么對(duì)應(yīng)many的無(wú)非就是a few或者all。換句話說(shuō)，如果筆者觀點(diǎn)是完全不同意題干，那么筆者要證明的是只有一些或少許的傳統(tǒng)要被摒棄，或者是所有的傳統(tǒng)都需要被傳承或被摒棄。很明顯，這個(gè)邏輯是極其不好論證的。所以，在考場(chǎng)當(dāng)中考生完全沒(méi)有必要給自己肆意增加考試難度，老老實(shí)實(shí)地同意題干即可。

　　參考文章如下：

　　In this present-day society, it seems that contradictions always exist between cultural and traditional inheritance and social advancement. Some people, accordingly, suggest that some customs and conventional behavioral norms should not emerge into people’s modern life. Personally, I am completely on the side of what they argue.

　　首段的寫法討論很深，通過(guò)背景描述引出題干的轉(zhuǎn)寫。隨后清晰地表達(dá)了筆者的觀點(diǎn)。這個(gè)開頭段清晰明了，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。

　　Some ancient moral standards and traditions have formed due to the limited social resources that they could share. An instance in point is that a couple of hundred years ago, three or even four generations of Chinese in a huge family lived under one roof. Consequently, conflicts happened all the time because of generation gaps. The reason why people chose to live together as a large family was because older generations in the ancient society had not ability to make a decent living so that they needed support from their offspring. Definitely, in modern society with a sound welfare system, people are able to live in a small family unit with much more exhilaration.

　　主段一，在首句表達(dá)了筆者的論點(diǎn)一，既是這段的中心句。隨后，筆者采用了例證的方式來(lái)拓展這個(gè)論點(diǎn)。因?yàn)槲幕�和傳統(tǒng)類的話題論證往往較為抽象，容易使筆者在邏輯表達(dá)的時(shí)候陷入困境。因此，本文重點(diǎn)使用例證的方式。通過(guò)具體的例子來(lái)論證提出的論點(diǎn)，這樣清晰明了，邏輯容易被讀者接受。

　　Worse, some other customs and traditions came into being because of people’s wrong cognition to the world they were living in. Those traditions might include discriminations to some certain groups of people. In agricultural societies, females were not as productive as males, which led to the fact that men did have upper social status and women were not allowed to do many things that they were supposed to have rights to choose. Undoubtedly, in contemporary societies women have equal rights as men, and thus they can be treated fairly everywhere such as in education and employment.

　　主段二，整體結(jié)構(gòu)和主段一相似。也是通過(guò)例證的方式來(lái)展開論點(diǎn)。由關(guān)乎男女不平等的習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)來(lái)論證一些傳統(tǒng)的形成源自人們對(duì)世界認(rèn)知的錯(cuò)誤，甚至這些傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗飽含了對(duì)特定人群的其實(shí)。仔細(xì)思量，這類習(xí)俗可不占少數(shù)。

　　To sum up, some traditions and cultures, if not most, are obviously incorrect, and with no doubt we must abandon them. On the other hand, there are also some others that we should pay every effort to pass down generation to generation, which can positively represent our time-honored culture and fine traditions of nations.

　　結(jié)尾段，首先再次重申了筆者的觀點(diǎn)，并且還表明了筆者對(duì)于一些積極的傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗的肯定。本段的第二句實(shí)則就是對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的many，強(qiáng)調(diào)其并非是all習(xí)俗和行為規(guī)范都需要被摒棄。

　　傳統(tǒng)和文化的傳承類的題目一直比較困擾考生，最主要的是論點(diǎn)難想。并且，即使找到論點(diǎn)也往往由于論點(diǎn)較為抽象不易論證而影響了考生的最后得分。如下幾個(gè)相關(guān)題目，考生們可以練習(xí)分析一下：

　　Some people think governments should spend money on measures to save languages with few speakers from dying out completely. Others think this is a waste of financial resources. Discuss both and give your own opinion. 20110315

　　We have a mixture of people from different culture and ethnic groups in a country. Why? Is this a positive or negative development? 20121013

　　The restoration of old buildings in major cities in the world costs numerous governments’ expenditures. This money should be used in new housing and road development. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 20130727

　　Traditional food is being replaced by international fast food. This has negative effects on family and society. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 20110623

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