關(guān)于牛津大學(xué)的英語優(yōu)秀作文范文
在學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活中，大家或多或少都會(huì)接觸過作文吧，根據(jù)寫作命題的特點(diǎn)，作文可以分為命題作文和非命題作文。你知道作文怎樣寫才規(guī)范嗎？以下是小編整理的牛津大學(xué)的英語優(yōu)秀作文，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。
牛津大學(xué)的英語優(yōu)秀作文 篇1
Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English-speaking university in the world,it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence. There is no clear date of foundation,but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167,when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.
In 1188,the historian,Gerald of Wales,gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland,the first known overseas student,initiated the University's tradition of international scholarship. By 1201,the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie,on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214,and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a uniuersitas or corporation.
In the 13th century,rioting between town and gown (students and townspeople) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of xford's colleges or endowed houses whose architectural splendour,together with the University's libraries and museums,give the city its unique character. University,Balliol and Merton Colleges,established between 1249 and 1264,were the oldest.
Less than a century later,Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning,and won the praises of popes,kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity,curriculum,doctrine and privileges. In 1355,Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.
Oxford early on became a centre for lively controversy,with scholars involved in religious and political disputes. John Wyclif,a 14th-century Master of Balliol,campaigned for a bible in the vernacular,against the wishes of the papacy. In 1530,Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. During the Reformation in the 16th century,the Anglican churchmen Cranmer,Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford. The University was Royalist in the Civil War,and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House.
In the late 17th century,the Oxford philosopher John Locke,suspected of treason,was forced to flee the country. The 18th century,when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics,was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival. Edmund Halley,Professor of Geometry,predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley's prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.
The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era. The Oxford Movement,led by John Henry Newman,broke from the Anglican Church in the 1840s. Twenty years later,the new University Museum was the site of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley,the champion of evolution,and Bishop Wilberforce. From 1878,academic halls were established for women,who became members of the University in 1920. Since 1974,all but one of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women. St Hilda's remains the only women's college.
In the years since the war,Oxford has added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences,including medicine. In so doing,it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as a focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.
Students
The University of Oxford's total student population numbers just over 16,100 (students in residence,1998-9).
Almost a quarter of these students are from overseas,including the countries of the European Union.
More than 130 nationalities are represented among our student body.
Almost 5,000 students are engaged in postgraduate work. Of these,around 3,000 are working in the arts and humanities.
Staff
Oxford's current academic community includes 76 Fellows of the Royal Society and 105 Fellows of the British Academy. A further 97 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are also Fellows of the British Academy,and 142 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are Fellows of the Royal Society.
牛津大學(xué)的英語優(yōu)秀作文 篇2
There are some important points to clarify that will explain why,as you browse through more of the site,its appearance and navigation are not consistent:
Oxford is a collegiate University,there are 38 Colleges and 6 Permanent Private Halls. Each is independent and self-governing. Each runs and maintains its own website,each website will look different.
There are four academic Divisions within the University and a fifth for Continuing Education,once more these are all self-governing and run and maintain their own websites.
Under each Division are Faculties,Departments,Schools,Institutes,Foundations and Centres. Most run and maintain their own websites.
All academic services,libraries,museums and collections run and maintain their own websites.
Pages that are primarily about University administration are managed by Business Services and Projects.
這里是牛津大學(xué)中文介紹：
牛津大學(xué)歷史悠久，但始建于哪一年，沒有人能確切說得出來。牛津大學(xué)的創(chuàng)始故事頗為傳神，根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厝说恼f法，牛津大學(xué)創(chuàng)始于1167年，當(dāng)時(shí)英王亨利二世下令禁止英國(guó)的神學(xué)學(xué)生到巴黎大學(xué)研究神學(xué)或宗教，因而一幫宗教學(xué)者及學(xué)生慢慢聚集于此，逐漸演變成學(xué)院的雛形。換言之，牛津大學(xué)的成立是因早期“人才外流”的問題。不過，也有資料表明它的教學(xué)活動(dòng)可追溯到1096年，如果從那時(shí)算起，牛津的歷史超過了900年。
毫無疑問，牛津大學(xué)是現(xiàn)存人類歷史上最早的大學(xué)之一。有的歷史學(xué)家說，默頓學(xué)院(Merton College)是最早的學(xué)院;亦有人說，大學(xué)學(xué)院(University College)才是大學(xué)的濫觴。不管哪一種說法正確，都無損于今日由46個(gè)學(xué)院所組成的牛津大學(xué)在學(xué)術(shù)上的崇高地位。目前牛津大學(xué)是由三十九所學(xué)院及由教會(huì)設(shè)立的七所永久私人學(xué)院(Permanent private halls)合組而成。學(xué)院也不按專業(yè)劃分，但在發(fā)展過程中，各個(gè)學(xué)院漸漸形成了各自的特點(diǎn)。比如，默頓學(xué)院(Merton College)出了不少詩人;圣埃德穆學(xué)院(St Edmund Hall)特別喜歡招收運(yùn)動(dòng)員;奧列爾學(xué)院(Oriel College)側(cè)重培養(yǎng)牧師;摩德林學(xué)院 (Magdalen College)有許多賽艇高手。這些學(xué)院彼此平等，學(xué)生可以在任何一所學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，直到畢業(yè)。除七所學(xué)院以招收研究生為限外，其余三十二所學(xué)院及七所永久私人學(xué)院均招收大學(xué)部學(xué)生(或兼收研究生)。這些學(xué)院，有些是僅收男生(如Oriel)或女生(如St. Hilda''s、St. Hugh''s及Somerville三校)，而多數(shù)是兩者兼收的。
就學(xué)院本身而言，都各自擁有相當(dāng)自主的管理權(quán)力。學(xué)院訂定自己的院規(guī)，籌募所需的財(cái)務(wù)來源，并招收自己所選擇的學(xué)生。不過任何人欲至牛津大學(xué)就讀，均須同時(shí)獲得大學(xué)系所及學(xué)院入學(xué)的同意，方視為正式被許可入學(xué)之規(guī)定，亦為牛津、劍橋兩校特殊之處。學(xué)院最大功能除要照料學(xué)生食宿外，并安排各類體育、團(tuán)體社交活動(dòng)，負(fù)責(zé)指派導(dǎo)師(tutor)照顧學(xué)生。由于各學(xué)院財(cái)務(wù)狀況不一，有的學(xué)院很有錢，有廣大的場(chǎng)地及良好的設(shè)備或福利，像客房(guest house)、圖書館及研究室等。而大學(xué)所扮演的角色，主要是向外代表各學(xué)院，統(tǒng)一安排全校課堂講授(lecture)及討論會(huì)(Seminar)，以及統(tǒng)一頒發(fā)畢業(yè)文憑等工作。因此就實(shí)質(zhì)情況來看，學(xué)生和所屬學(xué)院的'關(guān)系，遠(yuǎn)超過了大學(xué)。
擴(kuò)展：
牛津大學(xué)（University of Oxford），簡(jiǎn)稱“牛津”（Oxford），位于英國(guó)牛津，是一所公立研究型大學(xué)，采用傳統(tǒng)學(xué)院制。是羅素大學(xué)集團(tuán)成員，被譽(yù)為“金三角名�！焙汀癎5”。牛津大學(xué)的具體建校時(shí)間已不可考，但有檔案明確記載的最早的授課時(shí)間為1096年，之后在1167年因得到了英國(guó)王室的大力支持而快速發(fā)展。
牛津大學(xué)是英語世界中最古老的大學(xué)，也是世界上現(xiàn)存第二古老的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)。該校涌現(xiàn)了一批引領(lǐng)時(shí)代的科學(xué)巨匠，培養(yǎng)了大量開創(chuàng)紀(jì)元的藝術(shù)大師、國(guó)家元首，其中包括28位英國(guó)首相及數(shù)十位世界各國(guó)元首、政商界領(lǐng)袖。牛津大學(xué)在數(shù)學(xué)、物理、醫(yī)學(xué)、法學(xué)、商學(xué)等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域擁有崇高的學(xué)術(shù)地位及廣泛的影響力，被公認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今世界最頂尖的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)之一。從1902年起，牛津大學(xué)還設(shè)立了面向全世界本科生的“羅德獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金”。截止至2019年3月，牛津大學(xué)的校友、教授及研究人員中，共有72位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主（世界第九）、3位菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)得主（世界第二十）、6位圖靈獎(jiǎng)得主（世界第九）。
2021-2022年度，牛津大學(xué)位列泰晤士高等教育世界大學(xué)排名第1，QS世界大學(xué)排名第2，U.S. News世界大學(xué)排名第5，軟科世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)排名第7。特別的是，牛津大學(xué)于2017-2021年連續(xù)五年在泰晤士高等教育世界大學(xué)排名榮膺世界第1。
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