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學位英語考試閱讀強化練習2017
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One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the horizon—it's already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
6. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ______.
A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
B. obtain more convenient services than other people do
C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
D. cash money wherever he wishes to
參考答案：B)。短文第一段是關于信用卡(credit card)的。B項的根據是第一段中的They (credit cards) give their owners automatic credit in stores…和...can be read automatically.既然信用卡能在商店、餐館、旅店、家里、全國各地、甚至國外等各種場合自動給予“信用”，那么信用卡持有人當然會比其他得到更為方便的服務。A)是陪襯項，明顯不對;C)項解釋錯誤;根據withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations判斷D)項錯。
7. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that ______.
A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards
B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today
C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before
參考答案：C)。本題是語義理解題。第一段最后一句意思是“對我們大多數人來說，‘無現金的社會’不是在地平線上(即不是剛剛出現的新事物)，在這兒已經實現了”。句中many of us指我們許多美國人，it's already here中的it指cashless society，即“不用現金支付”。顯然C)項是這句話的含義。最后一句話只談到cashless society的已經存在，既推不出A)，也推不出B)。
8. The phrase "ring up sales" (Line 2, Para. 2) most probably means ______.
A. make an order of goods
B. record sales on a cash register
C. call the sales manager
D. keep track of the goods in stock
參考答案：B)。本題考查考生根據上下文推測詞義的能力。短語所在的句子是比較級句型，根據“比較對象一致”的原則可知，ring up sales與“電子現金出納機”electronic cash register屬于同類東西。又根據下文They can keep a wide range of records, including…，可知electronic cash register能記許多東西，提供各種銷售信息，從這兩方面可猜測B項是ring up sales的意思，即現金收錄記錄機，一種功能單一的現金出納機。A)項解釋毫無根據，C)項離得太遠，D)項是electronic cash register的功能之一。故B)為最佳答案。
9. The second paragraph focuses upon the purpose of ______.
A. giving some specific examples of how businessmen rely on computers
B. convincing us how useful computers are to sellers
C. conveying computers are derived from promotion campaign
D. supporting the idea that we rely on computers completely
參考答案：B)。題干問“第二段的主要用途是什么”?A)項為了提供一些商人怎樣依賴于電腦的確切例子;B)項為了使我們相信計算機對商人有多么重要;C)項表明計算機起源于推銷運動;D)項為了證明我們完全依賴于電腦�？v觀全文可知，通篇第二段在講計算機對商人的種種用途，因此，答案為B)。
10. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
B. Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
C. Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
D. Advantages of credit cards in business.
參考答案：B)。本題為中心思想測試題。第一段介紹了計算機使credit card持有人存款、存、支付等極其方便;第二段講計算機給銷售商帶來許多便利，第三段講了計算機運用的廣泛性，而且都是商業(yè)方面的運用，由此可知，本文主題思想應為B)(計算機在商業(yè)中所帶來的好處)。A)項計算機的商用方法;C)項商業(yè)自動化的重要性;D)項商業(yè)中信用卡的優(yōu)點。A)、C)、D)均不是本短文的主題思想。
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