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2018年MBA聯(lián)考英語閱讀理解專項試題「帶答案」
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Text 1
Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure-those who have climbed the highest mountains, explored unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who seek an immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.
I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot-air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is estimated that two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping involve jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.
Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly under threat. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.
Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe environment; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to seek danger in activities such as bungee jumping.
1. A suitable title for the passage is .
A. Dangerous Sports: What and Why?
B. The Boredom of Modern Life
C. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous?
D. The Need for Excitement
2. More and more people today .
A. are trying activities such as bungee jumping
B. are climbing the highest mountains
C. are close to death in sports
D. are looking for adventures such as exploring unknown places
3. People probably take part in dangerous sports nowadays because .
A. they have a lot of free time
B. they can go to hospital if they are injured
C. their lives lack excitement
D. hey no longer need to hunt for food
4. The writer of the passage has a(n) attitude towards dangerous sports.
A. positive
B. negative
C. objective
D. subjective
參考答案：A A C C
Text 2
In the United States, the need to protect plant and animal species has become a highly controversial and sharply political issue since the passage of the Endangered Species Act in 1973. The act, designed to protect species' living areas, and policies that preserve land and forests compete with economic interests. In the 1990's, for example, the woodcutters in the Western United States were challenged legally in their attempt to cut trees for timber in the Cascade Mountains. The challenge was mounted to protect the endangered spotted owl (貓頭鷹) , whose remaining population occupies these forests and requires the intact, ancient forest for survival. The problematic situation set the interests of environmentalists against those of corporations and of individuals who stood to lose jobs. After months of debate and legal battles, the fate of the woodcutters—and the owls—was still undecided in mid-1992.
Similar tensions exist between the developed and the developing nations. Many people in industrialized nations, for example, believe that developing nations in tropical regions should do more to protect their rain forests and other natural areas. But the developing countries may be impoverished ( 使窮困 ), with populations growing so rapidly that using the land is a means to temporarily avoid worsening poverty and starvation.
Many of the changes to Earth that concern scientists have the potential to rob the planet of its biological richness. The destruction of Earth's ozone layer( 臭氧層), for example, could contribute to the general process of impoverishment by allowing ultra-violet rays to harm plants and animals. And global warming could wipe out species unable to quickly adapt to changing climates. Clearly, protecting will come only through coordinated international efforts to control human population, stabilize the composition of the atmosphere, and preserve intact Earth's complex web of life.
1. Why does the author say that the protection of endangered species is a highly controversial issue?
A. Because people can't agree as to what species to protect.
B. Because it is difficult to find an effective way to protect such species.
C. Because it affects the interests of certain groups of people.
D. Because it is a major problem involving a series of legal procedures.
2. According to the passage, the preservation of rain forests _____.
A. may hamper developing country in its fight against poverty
B. benefits developed countries rather than developing countries
C. should take priority over the control of human population
D. will help improve the living conditions in developing countries
3. According to the passage, cutting trees to grow more food _____.
A. will widen the gap between the developed and the developing countries
B. is but a short-term relief to the food problem
C. can hardly alleviate the shortage of food
D. proves to be an effective way out for impoverished nations
4. Among "humanity's current problems" (Line6, Para. 3 ), the chief concern of the scientists is _____.
A. the impoverishment of developing countries
B. the explosion of the human population
C. the reduction of biological diversity
D. the effect of global wamfing
5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is _____.
A. to describe the difficulties in solving humanity's current problems
B. to present the different views on humanity's current problems
C. to analyse the contradiction between countries in dealing with humanity's current problems
D. to point out that humanity's current problems can only be solved through the cooperation of nations
參考答案：C A B C D
Text 3
The estimates of the numbers of home-schooled children vary widely. The U. S. Department of Education estimates there are 250,000 to 350,000 home-schooled children in the country. Home-school advocates put the number much higher—at about a million.
Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home schoolers, perceiving their actions as the ultimate slap in the face for public education and a damaging move for the children. Home schoolers harbor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children.
Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school population and as home sehoolers realize they can reap benefits from public schools, these hard lines seem to be softening a bit. Public schools and home shoolers have moved closer to tolerance and, in some cases, even cooperation.
Says John Marshall, an education official, "We are becoming relatively tolerant of home schoolers." The idea is, "Let's give the kids access to public school so they'll see it's not as terrible as they've been told, and they'll want to come back."
Perhaps, but don't count on it, say home-school advocates. Home schoolers oppose the system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education—wether fueled by religious enthusiasm or the individual child's interests and natural pace—is best.
"The bulk of home schoolers just want to be left alone," says Enge Cannon, associate director of the National Center For Home Education. She says home schoolers choose that path for a variety of reasons, but religion plays a role 85 percent of the time.
Professor Van Galen breaks home schoolers into two groups. Some home schoolers want their children to learn not only traditional subject matter but also "strict religious doctrine and a conservative political and social perspective. Not incidentally, they also want their children to learn—both intellectually and emotionally—that the family is the most important institution in society."
Other home schoolers contend "not so much that the schools teach heresy (異端邪說) , but that schools teach whatever they teach inappropriately," Van Galen writes, "These parents are highly independent and strive to 'take responsibility' for their own lives within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient."
1. According to the passage, home schoolers are .
A. those who engage private teachers to provide additional education for their children
B. those who educate their children at home instead of sending them to school
C. those who advocate combining public education with home schooling
D. those who don't go to school but are educated at home by their parents
2. Public schools are softening their position on home schooling because .
A. there isn't much they can go to change the present situation
B. they want to show their tolerance for different teaching systems
C. home schooling provides a new variety of education for children
D. public schools have so many problems that they cannot offer proper education for all children
3. Home-school advocates are of the opinion that .
A. things in public schools are not so bad as has often been said
B. their tolerance of public education will attract more kids to public schools
C. home schooling is superior and, therefore, they will not easily give in
D. their increased cooperation with public school will bring about the improvement of public education
4. Most home schoolers' opposition to public education stems from their .
A. respect for the interests of individuals
B. worry about the inefficiency of public schools
C. concern with the cost involved
D. devotion to religion
5. According to Van Galen some home schoolers believe that .
A. public schools take up a herdlike approach to teaching children
B. teachers in public school are not as responsible as they should be
C. public schools cannot provide an education that is good enough for their children
D. public schools are the source of bureaucracy and inefficiency in modern society
參考答案：B A C D C
Text 4
I wonder if you realize just how many others share your problem. It is so common for people to distort the truth about themselves. Sometimes it's just an invented excuse when you're late for something or a pretence that you like someone you don't. These white lies don't usually harm anyone and indeed often help smooth over difficult social situations. They certainly are embarrassing if exposed but, on the whole, they're easily forgiven.
What you describe is a habit of lying that is more serious than this. I suspect that the lies you tell are ways of defending an idea you have of your own worth. People who have doubts about their own self-esteem often worry that others will judge them as harshly as they feel they deserve because of a secret idea that they are pretty worthless. In other words, they create a false picture of themselves, a picture of someone who meets all the expectations they think others have of them, And as you say, that causes problems since they have to keep living up to that image. At the same time, they have to tell further lie to cover the stories they have already told. According to some authorities, this is particularly among women especially those who have few opportunities to develop an adequate sense of self-worth.
I suggest you give yourself one day during which you stick solidly to the truth about yourself. Give yourself a small treat at the end of the day if you have managed to keep it up. Wait a week and then try it again. Once you have achieved three separate lie-free days, see if you can cope with three days running, then extend it to a whole week. Don't make a promise to yourself that you will never lie again because almost certainly you will it's too much to take on at once. Try to change things little by little, by setting yourself manageable targets. After a while, you'll wonder why you ever had the problem at all.
1.This passage is a reply to someone who____.
A.keeps a habit of lying for vain reasons
B.works hard to meet others' expectations
C.does not know the truth about himself and is too sure of himself
D.does not know how to make a realistic plan for himself
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.White lies often cause embarrassment in social situations.
B.It is important for women to have an adequate sense of self-worth.
C.It takes a little time to get rid of your habit.
D.Take exercise like running if you are free and keep it up.
3.The expression "living up to" in the second paragraph can best be replaced by____.
A. growing up with
B. living with
C. seeking
D. sticking to
4.In the last paragraph the writer implies that_____.
A.you will solve the problem with patience and a strong will
B.you must be hard on yourself to accomplish something
C.your problem lies in the fact that you hasten to make promises
D.you must set different targets at different stages of your life
參考答案：A B D A
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