- 相關(guān)推薦
職稱英語《綜合A》閱讀理解精選試題及答案
閱讀理解
text one
The National Trust
The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich Government department.
It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.
The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4,500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's "Country House Scheme". Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. Last year about one and three quarters, of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.
In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these, villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country, are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.
So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.
31. The national trust is a
A. government agency depending on voluntary service.
B. non-profit organization depending on voluntary service.
C. government department but is not rich.
D. private organization supported by the government.
32. The National Trust is dedicated to
A. preserving the best public enjoyment.
B. providing the public with free access to historic buildings.
C. offering better services to visitors home and abroad.
D. protecting the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings.
33. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Lord Lothion
A. donated all his money to the Trust.
B. started the Country House Scheme.
C. saved many old country houses in Britain.
D. was influential in his time.
34. All the following can be inferred from the passage except
A. the Trust is more interested in protecting the 16 century houses.
B. many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the Trust.
C. visitors can get free access to some places owned by the Trust.
D. the Trust has a history which is longer than 80 years.
35. The word "invade" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. come in without permission.
B. enter with invitation.
C. visit in large number.
D. appear all of a sudden.
text two
The Sandwich Generation
Today people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown, they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different. In middle age, many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities: one is to look after their aging parents, and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are "sandwiched" in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household -- a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.
There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States, for example, was about 40, whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. It's also more common for today's young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial
or emotional support.
People who take care of elderly parents often face difficult issues. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents, financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents, future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.
Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions: How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone's privacy? Successfully coping with these issues can avoid a lot of stress for the whole family.
The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming.
However, this time in life also has its rewards. It can be a time to rediscover the special qualities of one's parents or children. It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time with them.
However, in order to survive this difficult period in their lives, the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can't be totally selfless.
41. According to the first paragraph, many people in middle age
A. can't enjoy their life as they have expected.
B. are able to take things easier when their children are grown.
C. can't enjoy their life because they haven't worked hard enough.
D. are facing great pressure from their work.
42. Which is true about the sandwich generation?
A. Their parents are unable to take care of themselves.
B. Their parents are often facing the pressures of life.
C. They all have to live with their parents and children.
D. They are torn between the responsibilities for their parents and children.
43. Why do some young adults choose to live with their parents these days?
A. They are too young to be independent from their parents.
B. They want to help their parents to take care of their aging grandparents.
C. They need support from their parents to deal with their financial problems.
D. They are more emotional than the young adults in the past.
44. The sandwich generation face the following challenges EXCEPT
A. sharing household chores.
B. determining who is the caregiver of the family.
C. ensuring everyone's privacy.
D. shouldering the financial responsibilities of the household.
45. To survive the difficult period in their lives, the sandwich generation need to_________.
A. be totally selfless.
B. rediscover the merits of their children.
C. value the time spent with their parents.
D. consider their own well-being.
text three
Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing?
In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.
Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk.
The World Foundation think tank says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers,teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers.
But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.
Although the country's trade deficit was more than —— 60 billion in 2006, UK's largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rockn' roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.
However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UK's exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities", 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).
In fact, it might be better to call Britain a "servant" economy -- there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook,clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector -- in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
36. According to the World Foundation think tank, one of the iconic jobs in Britain today is
A. law makers.
B. business consultants.
C. home servants.
D. school teachers.
37. The phrase "the cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. the most popular.
B. the most political.
C. the most advanced.
D. the proudest.
38. The officials are not worried about the trade deficit in 2006, because they believe
A. Britain is home to the largest pharmaceutical industry in the world.
B. the literary tradition of Britain will help make billions of pounds.
C. Britain is one cutting edge of the knowledge economy.
D. the world economy is strong enough to carry the Britain economy.
39. Which of the following is true about the creative industries in Britain?
A. They contribute a lot to the country's trade deficit.
B. They are not doing as well as those in other European nations. '
C. They can't make a profit out of their innovation activities.
D. They make Britain on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.
40. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. the gift of talking can keep the British economy growing.
B. the British government is over-confident in its economy.
C. the British economy is the least innovative one in the EU.
D. being a servant to the rich is one of the best jobs in Britain.
text four
What's Killing the Bats
First it was bees. Now it is bats. Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country. Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), but other species, such as the long-eared bat, the small-footed hat, the eastern pipistrelle, and the Indiana bat have also been affected. In some cases, more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.
One possibility is disease. A white fungus (真菌) known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats. However, scientists don't know if the fungus is the primary cause of death, a secondary cause of death, or not a cause at all, but the result of some other conditions.
Another possible cause is a lack of food. For example, bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾), and in some states such as New York, the number of moths has been declining in recent years. If bats can't eat enough food, they starve to death.
Still other scientists believe that global warming is to blame. Warmer temperatures in recent years have been waking up hibernating (冬眠) bats earlier than usual. If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time, they might not find their expected food sources. The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.
Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off, but they do agree on the consequences.
Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour. They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops. If there aren't enough bats, damage will be great from the insects theyeat. While bats live a long time for their size -- the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years- a female bat has only one baby per year, so bat populations grow slowly. Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.
How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats. If you discover bate that seem to be sick or that are dead, contact your local Fish & Wildlife Department with the details. However, be careful not to touch the animals.
31. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. All species of bats in North America are dying.
B. Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of bats.
C. The bat deaths are a serious problem.
D. There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats.
32. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Bees have been dying mysteriously.
B. The first article on the website is about bees.
C. Bees usually die before bats.
D. It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.
33. The word "pipistrelle" in Paragraph 1 refers to
A. a kind of fungus.
B. an area in the U.S.
C. a special cave.
D. a kind of bat.
34. The "moths" in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example of
A. diseases that kill bats.
B. Insects that bats eat.
C. animals that have diseases.
D. bat species that are starving to death.
35. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To get people to stop killing bats.
B. To hire workers for the Fish & Wildlife Department.
C. To ask people not to touch dead bats.
D. To tell the public how to help bats.
參考答案與解析
text one
31.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：國家信托是一個(gè)__________。本題答案在第一段中的“It is a voluntary association…It is a charity…”，可知該機(jī)構(gòu)是做慈善的，與non-profitable對(duì)應(yīng)，同時(shí)是志愿的(voluntary)，很明顯答案為B。
32.D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：國家信托致力于__________。答案仍在“It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings ofBritain”中，大意是“這是一個(gè)志愿性質(zhì)的協(xié)會(huì)，保護(hù)那些未被破壞的鄉(xiāng)村和歷史性的建筑”，care for與題干中的dedicate to對(duì)應(yīng)，因此本題答案為D。
33.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：從第二段中可以推理得知Lothion爵士__________。第二段中的“theTrust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty ofthese old houses”與C選項(xiàng)形成對(duì)應(yīng)，這句話的大意是“信托拯救了大約150個(gè)老房子，同時(shí)讓公眾有可能參觀它們”。Lothion捐獻(xiàn)的是自己的房產(chǎn)，并非所有的錢;國家之屋的計(jì)劃也不是他開啟的，而是受到了Lothion的幫助;公眾的注意力被Lothion吸引是因?yàn)樗ナ罆r(shí)捐獻(xiàn)了很多的財(cái)產(chǎn)，因此在他有生之年未必就很有影響力。故本題答案為C。
34.A。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下列哪一個(gè)不能從原文中推理得知?用“16世紀(jì)”回到原文定位到倒數(shù)第二段“…all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style”可知，這里的16世紀(jì)對(duì)應(yīng)的信息是“……所有的房子都保留原始的16世紀(jì)的風(fēng)格”，可知A與原文不一致。因此正確答案為A。
35.C。詞匯題。題干：第四段中的“invade”與__________意思最為相近?該詞本意是“入侵”，但由該詞定位到末段的最后一句“…but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search ofa great historic and cultural heritage”，由語義走向可知invade與 millions oftourists相關(guān)，因此C選項(xiàng)最合適。
text two
41.A。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)文章的意思，很多中年人。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句可知，當(dāng)孩子長大后，中年人期望能享受努力工作創(chuàng)造的生活，然而，現(xiàn)實(shí)卻不是這樣。由此可知，很多中年人不能如愿地享受生活。故本題選A(無法過上他們期望的生活)。
42.D。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：關(guān)于三明治一代，下列哪個(gè)描述是正確的?根據(jù)第一段第四句可知，很多中年人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們正肩負(fù)著兩種責(zé)任：一個(gè)是照顧日益年長的父母，另一個(gè)是幫助年輕的孩子處理生活的壓力。第一段第五句接著說，全世界有數(shù)百萬的中年人像三明治一樣夾在上一代和下一代中間。因此選項(xiàng)D(他們常常在贍養(yǎng)老人和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任中左右為難)。
43.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：為什么現(xiàn)在很多年輕人選擇和父母住在一起?根據(jù)第二段最后三句可知，如今一些年輕人之所以會(huì)更久地跟父母住在一起，是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰改傅慕?jīng)濟(jì)或情感支持。故本題答案為C(他們需要父母的支持來應(yīng)對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)問題)。
44.B。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：三明治一代面臨著下列挑戰(zhàn)，除了__________。根據(jù)第四段中的“caregivers have to resolve important questions：How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household?How can household chores be shared?What is the best way to ensure everyone’s privacy?”可知，只有B不是三明治一代要考慮的問題，所以該題答案為B(決定誰來贍養(yǎng)家庭)。
45.D。推斷題。題干：想度過人生中這一艱難時(shí)段，三明治一代需要__________。最后一段最后兩句中的“…they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of thie own lives.They can’t be totally selfless.”表明，三明治一代也需要考慮自己的需求和自身的生活質(zhì)量，不能完全忘我。由此可知，要度過這個(gè)人生的艱難時(shí)段，三明治一代需要考慮自身的幸福，所以該題答案為D(考慮自身的幸福)。
text three
36.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：在世界基金智囊團(tuán)看來，如今英國標(biāo)志性的工作是__________。第二段第四、五句表明，世界基金組織的智囊團(tuán)公布，如今英國的四大標(biāo)志性的職業(yè)不是科學(xué)家、工程師、教師和護(hù)士，而是發(fā)型師、名流顯要、管理顧問和商業(yè)經(jīng)理。因此本題答案為B(商業(yè)顧問)。
37.C。猜詞題。題干：第三段中的“the cutting edge”與下列__________意思最相近?第三段第四句的大意是：英國政府認(rèn)為英國正處于知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的風(fēng)口浪尖上。換句話說，英國政府認(rèn)為英國有著最先進(jìn)的知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)。由此可知，“cutting edge”的意思是“最先進(jìn)的”。故本題答案為C(最先進(jìn))。
38.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：官方不擔(dān)心2006年的貿(mào)易赤字，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈臺(tái)_________。第三段第四句表明，英國政府認(rèn)為英國正處于知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的風(fēng)口浪尖上。英國政府即官方，由此可知，官方之所以不擔(dān)心2006年的貿(mào)易赤字，是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為英國擁有最先進(jìn)的知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)，因而答案為C(英國擁有最先進(jìn)的知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì))。
39.B。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：下列關(guān)于英國的創(chuàng)新行業(yè)，哪一個(gè)是正確的?根據(jù)第四段的最后一句所述的“only 38 percent ofBritish companies were engaged in‘innovation activities’，3 percentage points below the EU average”可知，英國只有38%的企業(yè)進(jìn)行有關(guān)創(chuàng)新的工作，比歐盟的平均水平要低三個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。由此可知，英國的創(chuàng)新工作沒有歐洲其他國家做得好，所以答案為B(他們沒有歐洲其他國家表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀)。
40.B。推斷題。題干：從文中可推理得知，。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，英國政府好像并不擔(dān)心英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)。由此可知，英國政府在這個(gè)問題上過分自信了，所以答案為B(英國政府對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)過分自信)。
text four
31.D。主旨題。題干：這篇文章的大意是什么?根據(jù)每段的首尾句，例如“0nepossibility is disease”，“Another possible cause is a lack offood”，“Still other scientists believe that global warming is to blame”，“Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off”可知，多數(shù)段落討論的都是原因(cause)，再結(jié)合首段，可以得知談?wù)摰氖球鹚劳龅脑颍赃x項(xiàng)D(蝙蝠的滅絕有多種可能的原因)為正確答案。
32.A。猜詞題。題干：第一段的第一句意思是什么?根據(jù)第一段的首句和上下文，可知首先是蜜蜂，現(xiàn)在是蝙蝠，美國的生物學(xué)家正在努力研究蝙蝠莫名死亡的原因，由此可知首句指的是蜜蜂也一直莫名地死亡，故A(蜜蜂一直都在神秘地/莫名地死亡)是正確答案。
33.D。猜詞題。題干：第一段中的“pipistrelle”指的是__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞“pipistrelle”可以定位到第一段的第二句“…but other species，such as the long-eared bat，the small—footed hat，the eastem pipistrelle”，不難看出pipistrelle是蝙蝠的一種。故D(一種蝙蝠)是正確答案。
34.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：第三段中的“moths(蛾)”被作為__________的例子。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞moths可以定位到第三段第二句，可知蝙蝠一般吃大量的蛾子，由此可知B(蝙蝠吃的昆蟲)是正確答案。
35.D。推斷題。題干：最后一段的目的是什么?從最后一段的首句“How can you help?”可知談?wù)摰氖侨绾螏椭�，故該題答案為D(為了告訴大眾如何幫助蝙蝠)。
【職稱英語《綜合A》閱讀理解試題及答案】相關(guān)文章：
職稱英語閱讀理解綜合A試題08-29
2017職稱英語綜合A閱讀理解模擬試題06-25
2015職稱英語答案：《綜合B》閱讀理解10-26
2017年職稱英語閱讀理解綜合C試題08-09
職稱英語考試綜合模擬閱讀理解試題09-18
2017年職稱英語閱讀理解模擬綜合試題09-14