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2024年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級試題閱讀判斷及答案
在學(xué)習(xí)、工作中，我們都不可避免地要接觸到試題，借助試題可以檢測考試者對某方面知識或技能的掌握程度。你知道什么樣的試題才是好試題嗎？以下是小編為大家整理的2024年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級試題閱讀判斷及答案，歡迎大家分享。
職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級試題閱讀判斷及答案 1
A Memory Drug?
IT’S DIFFICULT TO IMAGINE MANY THINGS that people would welcome more than a memory-enhancing drug. ____1_ B
A memory enhancer could help eliminate forgetting associated with aging and disease.___ Furthermore, such a drug could help people remember past experiences more clearly and help us acquire new information more easily for school and at work. As scientists learn more about memory, we are closing in on this tantalizing goal.1 Some of the most exciting evidence comes from research that has built on earlier findings linking LTP2 and memory to identify a gene that improves memory in mice.
The gene makes a protein that assists the NMDA2 receptor，
which plays an important role in long-term memory by helping to initiate LTP. ___ Mice bred to have extra copies of this gene showed more activity in their NMDA receptors，more LTP，and improved performance on several different memory tasks — learning a spatial layout3, recognizing familiar objects，and recalling a fear-inducing shock. If these basic insights about genes, LTP, and the synaptic basis of memory can be translated to people — and that remains to be seen — they could pave the way for memory-enhancing treatments. ____3_
Like steroids for bulking up the muscles, these drugs would bulk up memory. ___ As exciting as this may sound, it also raises troubling issues. Consider the potential educational implications of memory-enhancing drugs. If memory enhancers were available, children who used them might
be able to acquire and retain extraordinary amounts of information, allowing them to progress far more rapidly in school than they could otherwise. How well could the brain handle such an onslaught of information? What happens to children who don’t have access to the latest memory enhancers? Are they left behind in school — and as a result handicapped later in life? ____4__What are the potential implications of memory-enhancing drugs for the
workplace?__ Imagine that you are applying for a job that requires a good memory，such as a manager at a technology company or a sales position that requires remembering customers’ names as well as the attributes of different products and services. Would you take a memory-enhancing drug to increase your chances of landing the position? Would people who felt uncomfortable taking such a drug find themselves cut out of lucrative career opportunities? Memory drugs might also help take the sting out of disturbing memories that we wish we could forget but can’t.4 The 2004 hit movie Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind told the story of a young man seeking just such freedom from the painful memories of a romantic breakup. As you will see in the section on persistence later in the chapter, emotionally arousing events often create intrusive memories, and researchers have already muted emotional memories with drugs that block the action of key hormones. Should emergency workers who must confront horrifying accident scenes that can burden them with persisting memories be provided with such drugs? Should such drugs be given to rape victims who can’t forget the trauma? Memory drugs might provide some relief to such individuals. But could they also interfere with an individual’s ability to assimilate and come to terms with a difficult experience? We may find ourselves struggling with thesekinds of questions in the not-too-distant future.
注釋：
1.As scientists learn more aboutmemory, we are closing in on this tantalizing goal.隨著科學(xué)家們對記憶了解增多，我們正接近這一誘人的目標(biāo)。
2.LTP&SNMDA：(Long-term Potentiation)給突觸前纖維一個短暫的髙頻剌激后，突觸傳遞效率和強(qiáng)度增加幾倍且能持續(xù)數(shù)小時至幾天保持這種增強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)象。LTP發(fā)現(xiàn)海馬LTP可能是學(xué)習(xí)記憶的分子基礎(chǔ)。1973年Bliss及其合作者，電刺激麻醉兔的內(nèi)嗅皮層，使海馬表層的穿通纖維興奮，可在齒狀回記錄到場電位。先用高頻電刺激幾秒鐘后，再用單個電刺激，記錄到的部分場電位幅度大大超過原先記錄的對照值，并可持續(xù)幾小時，幾天。這一現(xiàn)象稱為長時程增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)(LTP)。1983年發(fā)現(xiàn)NMDA(N—甲基一D—門冬氨酸)受體通道復(fù)合體在LTP過程中起重要作用，進(jìn)一步深化了對LTP在大腦學(xué)習(xí)記憶中作用的理解。
3.a spatial layout：空間布局
4.Memory drugs might also help takethe sting out of disturbing memories that we wish we could forget but can’t：增強(qiáng)記憶藥對我們想忘記卻又不能的令人煩擾的記憶變得令人易于接受。take the sting out of：使……易于被接受;使 ……令人感到愉快
5.But could they also interfere withan individual’s ability to assimilate and come to terms with a difficultexperience? 中的come toterms with：讓步;屈服
練習(xí)：
A Like steroids for bulking up the muscles, these drugs would bulk upmemory.
B A memory enhancer could help eliminate forgetting associated withaging and disease.
C What are the potential implications of memory-enhancing drugs forthe workplace?
D We may find ourselves struggling with these kinds of questions inthe not-too-distant future.
E There is a pill that you could take every day to allow you toremember everything.
F The gene makes a protein that assists the NMDA2 receptor，which plays an important role inlong-term memory by helping to initiate LTP.
答案與題解：
1.B依據(jù)上一句的“很難想象一種提高人們記憶力的藥會受到人們吹捧”;下面應(yīng)該對這一現(xiàn)象做出解釋，即這種藥物有什么療效;而后一句的Furthermore這一指示詞起到了遞進(jìn)的作用，進(jìn)一步說明這種藥物的益處。More than ：非常，極其，十分
2.F前一句的關(guān)鍵詞是gene、LTP和mice，它講的是有些令人興奮的證據(jù)是從研究中得出的;該研究基于早期連接LTP和記憶的`發(fā)現(xiàn)，該結(jié)果確定了提髙老鼠記憶的基因;而后一句進(jìn)一步闡述這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，開頭的mice可以是一個連接詞。
3.A前一句講：如果這種結(jié)果用于人類的話，人們就有可能把提高人的記憶力用于臨床。這一句講：就像類固醇用于提髙人的肌肉能力，這種藥物也可以提高人的記憶力。
4.C一般情況下，每一段的第一句都是本段的主題句。而該句是一個問句：這種提高記憶力的藥物用于職場有什么潛在的啟示呢?緊接著本段其余幾句都提出關(guān)于這種藥物是否會對職場的提升有什么影響的問題。
5.D本句是全文的最后一句。應(yīng)該是總結(jié)性的。鑒于前面都列舉了這種提高記憶力的藥所面臨的一系列問題，所以，我們在不久的將來要面臨這些問題。
職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類C級試題閱讀判斷及答案 2
The Need to Remember
Some people say they have no memory at all: "I just cant remember a thing!" But of course,we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps us to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past. In fact, we have different types of memory. For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory, they can remember exactly what they have seen, for example, pages of a book, as a complete picture.Our verbal (言語的) memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heardbutnot seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, or a recipe.
With our emotional memory, we recall situations or places where we had strongfeelings,perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound, and for performing physical movements.We have two ways of storing any of these memories: Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds- enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime. Older people in fact have a much better long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done onlya few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance (記憶) of when they were very young.
Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline of a story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past-- or maybe victims needing sympathy ( 同情).Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:題干 ：視覺記憶能幫助我們回憶起我們曾經(jīng)去過的地方。通過題干中的關(guān)鍵詞
visual memory可以定位在第二段中的“our visual memory helps US recall facts and
places” ，意為“我們的視覺記憶有助于我們回憶一些事件和地方”。因此，
題干與文章信息符合，故選擇A。
(17) Visual memory may be used when we read a story.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析: 題干 ：當(dāng)我們閱讀故事的時候，我們使用了視覺記憶。通過題干中的visual
memory和read可以定位在第二段中的“Some people have such a strong visual memory,they
can remember exactly what they have seen，for example，pages of a book，as a complete
picture” ，意為“有些人有很強(qiáng)的視覺記憶，他們可以準(zhǔn)確地記住他們看過的東西，
如書和圖畫等”。
因此，題干與文章信息符合，故選擇A。
(18) Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:B
解析: 題干 ：語言記憶有助于我們?nèi)ラ喿x從未聽過的文字。通過題干中的名詞“verbal
memory可以定位第三段的`相關(guān)信息“Our verbal(言語的)memory helps US remember words
and figures we may have
heard”，意為“我們的語言記憶有助于我們記住我們聽到的文字和數(shù)字”。
但該句核心詞是remember，而不是read，因此題干與文章信息不符合，故選擇B選項。
(19) Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:B
解析: 題干 ：做身體活動的時候我們使用的是情感記憶。通過題干中的“emotional
memory”可以定位到第四段的相關(guān)信息“With our emotional memory,we recall situations or
places where we had strong feelings，perhaps of happiness or unhappiness .We also have
special memories for smell，taste，touch and sound，and for performing physical
movements”，意為“使用我們的情感記憶，
我們可以回憶起我們有過強(qiáng)烈感情的情景和地方。我們也有嗅覺、味覺、觸覺、
聽覺以及身體運(yùn)動的特殊記憶”。由此可知，身體運(yùn)動有其特殊的記憶，
而不是使用到情緒記憶，題干與文章信息不符合，故選擇B。
(20) Animals do not have a long-term memory.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:C
解析: 題干 ：動物沒有長時記憶。用animals和long.term memory
回到原文定位，文中并未提到與動物相關(guān)的事情，因此選擇C。
(21) Long-term memory is more important than short-term memory.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:C
解析: 題干 ：長時記憶比短時記憶更重要。由long-term memory和short-term memory
定位到原文第五段，但是本段沒有比較長時記憶與短時記憶的重要性。因此選擇C選項。
(22) Generally we remember only a few facts about the past.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:
題干 ：總的來說，我們只能記住有關(guān)過去的一些事實。利用aboutthepast
回到原文定位到最后一段中的“Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts
about our
past” ，意為“心理學(xué)家告訴我們，我們只能記住有關(guān)我們過去的一些事實”，
由此得知本題應(yīng)選擇A。
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