職稱英語歷年真題《綜合B》補全短文精選

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　　職稱英語歷年真題《綜合B》補全短文 1

　　The Day a Language Died

　　When Carios Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Westez, more commonly

　　known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba.

　　Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. __________ (46) They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.

　　We are all aware of the danger that modem industry can cause the worlds ecology (生態(tài)).

　　However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the word. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well. __________ (47) When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.

　　Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. __________(48) In the Americas,100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, are dying out.

　　Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the danger of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue.__________ (49) The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.

　　What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what has been lost and to for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder, must be a peculiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. __________ (50)

　　A. Some people might want to learn some of these songs by hearts.

　　B. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100of them are in danger of extinction ( 滅絕 ) .

　　C. However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.

　　D. These languages dont have many native speakers.

　　E. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.

　　F. As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increase.

　　答案與解析

　　46.A。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到那些想要聽卡托巴語歌曲的人就需要聯(lián)系Smithsonian機構(gòu)，因為早在20世紀40年代，Red Thunder Cloud為未來的后代灌錄了一系列的歌曲;空白處后一句說的是這些歌曲都是以卡托巴語保留的。由此可知空白處應該討論這些卡托巴語歌曲的事情，所以A(有些人可能想要用心學習這些歌曲)比較合適，符合內(nèi)容一致的原則。

　　47.F。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是漢語、西班牙語、俄語和印地語已經(jīng)變成很強大的語言(powerful)，與F項中powerful一致，而且these languages與空白處前的languages“Chinese，Spanish，Russian，and Hindi”指代也比較一致，所以F(當這些語言變得更加強大時，他們作為商業(yè)和文化的工具的使用就會增加)符合原文，符合指代一致的原則。

　　48.B。從原文來看，空白處之前的句子說的是埃塞俄比亞的許多語言也面臨著消亡的命運，因為說那些語言的人太少了;空白處之后的句子說的是在美洲有近100種語言因為說話人少于300人也正在消亡。所以空白處談論的也應該是語言消亡的例子，再結(jié)合第三段的首句可知本段主要談論語言的消亡，所以B(新幾內(nèi)亞有著非常豐富的不同語言的來源，但是有100多種語言正瀕臨滅絕)是正確答案，符合內(nèi)容與段落主題句一致的`原則，其中die out反復出現(xiàn)。

　　49.c。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是Red Thunder Cloud并非出生在卡托巴，而且卡托巴語也不是其母語;空白處后一句講的是他為Smithsonian機構(gòu)所唱的歌曲使得美洲本土的音樂流行起來。因此，空白處談論的還是RedThunderCloud唱歌的問題，所以C(但是，他經(jīng)常訪問South Carcinoma的Catawba的保留地，并在那里學會了這種語言)比較符合原文語義，從邏輯上解釋了為什么卡托巴不是Red Thunder Cloud的母語，但是他卻會唱卡托巴語的歌曲，符合上下文邏輯一致的原則。

　　50.E。從該段的首句來看，本段主要討論語言消亡給我們帶來的后果，從剩余的兩個選項D和E比較來看，E選項(對我們剩下的人而言，當語言消亡的時候，我們失去了用一種獨特方式觀察和描述這個世界的可能性)符合該段的內(nèi)容，而且E項中的“for the restofus”與段落首句的“for the rest ofus”也保持了一致。

　　職稱英語歷年真題《綜合B》補全短文 2

　　Why Would They Falsely Confess?

　　Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most

　　people, it just doesnt seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police interrogation (審訊) room. Under the right conditions, peoples minds are susceptible(易受影響的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings (盤問) is enormous. _________ (46) "The pressure is important to understand, because, otherwise, its impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didnt do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess." Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didnt do._________ (47) The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.

　　Redlichs findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed._________(48) Of the 15-to- 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12-to 13-year-olds.

　　"Theres no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, Professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results. _________(49) Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation--not hours of aggressive questioning--and still, most participants falsely confessed.

　　Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. _________ (50)

　　A. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems.

　　B. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."

　　C. "Its a little like somebodys working on them with a dental (牙齒的) drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.

　　D. "But adults are highly vulnerable too."

　　E. How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didnt do?

　　F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.

　　試題答案解析

　　46.C。這一段談的是pressure方面的事。請注意在這個空格后面是一段引言，但沒有原說話人的名字，這也給我們提示，在填入部分里應該有原說話人的名字，這樣可以考慮的有B、C、F三個選項。從內(nèi)容上進一步考慮，應選C。

　　47.A。這里填入的部分是對Redlich所做試驗的描述，下文又講到計算機，所以不難確定選A。

　　48.F。這一段講的是Redlich試驗的'結(jié)果，一開始就講了她的finding，填入的部分里有also這個詞，正好接上。而后面的一句話則用更具體的數(shù)據(jù)來支持她的結(jié)論：越年輕，越可能做假供。

　　49.D。Saul Kassin同意Redlich的結(jié)果，她認為年輕人風險大(more at risk)，但同時她又認為成年人也十分脆弱(vulnerable)。

　　50.B。由于在審訊過程中受到壓力，許多人認為做假供是一種擺脫厄境的方法，因而也是一種合理的決定

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