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公共英語(yǔ)教案
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：老師們是否也會(huì)為英語(yǔ)教案而苦惱呢?下面是小編整理的一課教案，老師們可以對(duì)照著參考參考。
科目 英語(yǔ)
年級(jí) 初三
文件 middle3 unit23.doc
標(biāo)題 The football match
章節(jié) 第二十三單元
關(guān)鍵詞
內(nèi)容
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
3.語(yǔ)法
過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作;
過(guò)去完成時(shí)由 “助動(dòng)詞had (用于各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù))+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
1.It’s a long time since we met last!
It’s … since …句型中的It指的是時(shí)間, 可以說(shuō)It has been … since …, 但習(xí)慣上常說(shuō)It’s … since ….
It’s half an hour since the film began.
電影開(kāi)始有半小時(shí)了.
It’s an hour since he fell asleep.
他睡著有一個(gè)小時(shí)了.
It’s three years since his father died.
他父親去世有三年了.
It’s two months since he left home.
他離家已有兩個(gè)月了.
It’s three days since he came back.
他回來(lái)已三天了.
2.journey與travel都有 “旅行”的意思, 具體用法如下:
•journey通常指 “在陸地上由某一地點(diǎn)到另一地點(diǎn)的旅行”,
也指 “旅行的路程”, 是個(gè)比較正式的用語(yǔ).
Did you have a good journey?
你旅行愉快嗎?
It’s a 300-mile journey.
這次旅程為300英里.
•travel泛指旅行、游歷, 尤指國(guó)外旅行, 但無(wú)路程的含義.
He came home after five years of foreign travel.
他在國(guó)外旅游了5年才回家.
He is fond of travel.
他喜歡旅游.
3.be in time for sth. 來(lái)得及趕上…
You are just in time for the football match.
你剛好來(lái)得及趕上足球比賽.
I was just in time for the flight.
我剛好來(lái)得及趕上那班飛機(jī).
4.team指全隊(duì)時(shí)是單數(shù), 若指隊(duì)里的每一個(gè)隊(duì)員則是復(fù)數(shù);
與team用法一樣的還有class, family等.
The team has already been chosen.
隊(duì)伍已經(jīng)被挑選好了.
Our team are wearing blue socks.
我們隊(duì)的每一個(gè)隊(duì)員都穿蘭色的短襪.
The class has elected its head.
班里已經(jīng)選出班長(zhǎng).
The class are very bright.
這班學(xué)生很聰明.
My family is going to move.
我家要遷居了.
His family are waiting for him.
他的家人正在等他.
5.either … or … 或者…或者…
Either do it at once or don’t do it at all.
要么馬上就干, 要么干脆不干.
Does he know either English or Russian?
他懂英語(yǔ)還是俄語(yǔ)?
【注意】
1)當(dāng)either … or連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí), 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致.
Either he or I am going to help you with your English.
不是他就是我會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英文的.
2)either … or …連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞時(shí)用單數(shù)代詞與名詞呼應(yīng),
若連接兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí), 就用復(fù)數(shù)形式的代詞來(lái)呼應(yīng).
Either Mary or her sister left her umbrella here.
不是瑪麗就是她的姐姐把傘丟在這里了.
Either the Wangs or the Lees will sell their house.
不是王家就是李家要出售房屋.
3)either … or …如果連接的名詞有單數(shù)也有復(fù)數(shù), 要將復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞放在后面, 用復(fù)數(shù)形式的代詞與其呼應(yīng).
Either Mary or her sisters will take care of their old father in hospital.
不是瑪麗就是她的姐妹們來(lái)照顧她們住在醫(yī)院里的老父親.
6.either pron. (兩者之中)任何一個(gè)either of + 人稱(chēng)代詞 / 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 (該復(fù)數(shù)名詞前必須用一個(gè)限定詞, 如物主代詞、指示代詞或冠詞)
Either of …作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式.
Either of them / the children is good at swimming.
這兩個(gè)孩子都擅長(zhǎng)于游泳.
【注意】neither of … 的用法同上.
Neither of them / the children is on the team.
他們兩個(gè)都不在隊(duì)里.
7.such的用法
•such作為形容詞意思是 “如此的”, “這樣的”, 修飾各種名詞.
Have you ever seen such a foolish man?
你見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣愚蠢的人嗎?
It’s such an important match.
這場(chǎng)比賽是那么重要.
It’s such bad weather.
天氣如此惡劣.
•such … that和so … that都可用來(lái)引出一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句, 由于such是形容詞, 所以that從句前有一個(gè)受such修飾的名詞;
而so是副詞, 用以修飾形容詞或副詞, 因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞.
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
他們都是非常熱心的老師, 村里的人都尊敬他們.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
考試很難, 許多人沒(méi)及格.
【注意】
如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式, 例如: It was such a hot day that … , 句子可轉(zhuǎn)換成: It was so hot a day that …, 注意詞序的變化.
但是如果名詞是復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞, 則不能轉(zhuǎn)換. 如: They are such good comrades that … 和It was such bad weather that … 就不能轉(zhuǎn)換成so … that …句型. 如要轉(zhuǎn)換, 就一定要把名詞用作主語(yǔ). 注意以下轉(zhuǎn)換方式:
She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.
=She’s so lovely a girl that we all like her.
=The girl is so lovely that we all like her.
她是個(gè)非�？蓯�(ài)的女孩, 我們都喜歡她.
It was such bad weather that we had to stay home.
=The weather was so bad that we had to stay home.
天氣如此惡劣, 我們只好呆在家里.
8.almost的用法
•almost常與never, no, none, nothing, nobody, every, everything和
everybody連用, 當(dāng)almost修飾no時(shí)相當(dāng)于hardly any.
There were almost no / hardly any people at the concert.
幾乎沒(méi)人去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì).
He has done almost nothing / hardly anything today.
今天他幾乎什么也沒(méi)干.
Almost everybody went to see it.
幾乎所有人都去看了.
•almost有時(shí)可以修飾名詞、形容詞或動(dòng)詞, 表示 “差一點(diǎn)”.
Before this match we were almost top of the league.
在這場(chǎng)比賽前, 我們差一點(diǎn)就是聯(lián)賽冠軍.
Our cat understands everything. She’s almost human.
我們的貓什么都懂, 幾乎跟人一樣.
I almost think you are right.
我差一點(diǎn)認(rèn)為你是對(duì)的.
Tom almost passed the exam.
Tom差一點(diǎn)及格.
I almost fell off my bike.
我?guī)缀鯊淖孕熊?chē)上摔下來(lái).
We were almost there when our car broke down.
我們差一點(diǎn)要到那兒了, 突然我們的汽車(chē)出故障了.
9.top的用法
在下列例句中, top有不同的意思.
The word is on page 5, third line from the top.
這個(gè)單詞愛(ài)第5頁(yè), 上面第三行.
On the top of the mountain grows a tall old tree.
山頂上長(zhǎng)著一棵高大的古樹(shù).
He shouted at the top of his voice.
他高聲大喊.
Tom sat at the top of the table.
Tom坐在臺(tái)面上.
She is the top student in her class.
她是她班上成績(jī)最好的學(xué)生.
10win和beat的不同之處.
Win的賓語(yǔ)一般表示比賽、競(jìng)賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等的名詞, beat的賓語(yǔ)一般是表示人的名詞.
In the end we won the match / game.
最后我們贏得這場(chǎng)比賽的勝利.
We know it will be difficult for us to beat them.
我們知道我們將很難打敗他們.
11.get / make sth ready準(zhǔn)備…
I got my football clothes ready.
我把球衣準(zhǔn)備好.
She is getting the dinner ready.
她正在準(zhǔn)備晚餐.
12.keep on doing
※ keep on doing表示“繼續(xù)不停地做某事”, “堅(jiān)持不懈地做某事”,
The farmers kept on working in the fields when it began to rain.
下雨的時(shí)候, 農(nóng)民們還不停地在地里勞動(dòng).
I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.
我老是想下午比賽的事情.
•keep doing表示 “反復(fù)地做某事”, 即多是表示重復(fù)性較強(qiáng)的動(dòng)作.
She kept coughing all night.
她整夜咳嗽.
Keep passing the ball to each other.
相互之間注意要不停地傳球.
【注意】以上兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)在許多時(shí)候可以互換.
Edison kept (on) asking questions that were not about the texts.
Edison老是問(wèn)與課文無(wú)關(guān)的問(wèn)題.
Don’t keep (on) doing such foolish things.
不要老是做這樣的傻事.
13.動(dòng)詞end
end可以用作不及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞, 做不及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 相當(dāng)于be over, 作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)意思接近于finish.
The Second World War ended in 1945.
第二次世界大戰(zhàn)于1945年結(jié)束.
After the meeting ended (=was over), I had a few words with the headmaster.
會(huì)議結(jié)束后, 我與校長(zhǎng)談了一會(huì)兒話.
We must do something to end such a thing.
我們必須采取措施以結(jié)束這樣的事情.
He ended (=finished) the letter with good wishes to the family.
在信的結(jié)尾, 他向全家問(wèn)候.
14. against prep. (表示反對(duì)、敵對(duì))與…相反, 與…對(duì)抗,
We were playing against No. 64 Middle School.
我們和64中學(xué)打比賽.
We must fight against the enemy.
我們必須和敵人做斗爭(zhēng).
This is a war against poverty.
這是一場(chǎng)與貧窮的搏斗.
15.draw n. (競(jìng)賽等的)不分勝負(fù)
The match ended in a draw.
那場(chǎng)比賽最后不分勝負(fù).
It was a draw when we played against them last time.
上次和他們比賽時(shí), 我們彼此不分勝負(fù).
16.be / feel afraid of + sth. / doing sth. / to do sth.
Are you afraid of dogs / the dark?
你怕狗/ 黑暗嗎?
We felt a little afraid of them.
我們有點(diǎn)兒怕他們.
I’m afraid of flying / to fly in an airplane.
我怕坐飛機(jī).
17.be sure to do …一定會(huì)…的, 必定…的
He is sure to call you up.
他準(zhǔn)會(huì)給你打電話的.
It’s sure to be fair today.
今天天氣一定會(huì)晴朗.
We are sure to beat them.
我們一定能打敗他們.
18.be hard to do … (人, 物)難做的 (do是及物動(dòng)詞, 或動(dòng)詞后面附介詞)
This book is hard to understand.
=It’s hard to understand this book.
這本書(shū)很難理解.
He is hard to get along with.
=It’s hard to get along with him.
他很難相處.
Some of them were very hard to stop when they got the ball.
=It was hard to stop some of them when they got the ball.
當(dāng)他們得到球時(shí), 很難阻擋他們.
19.Early in the first half of the match, he kicked a goal.
在上半場(chǎng)一開(kāi)始, 他就射進(jìn)了一個(gè)球.
•half n. [C ] (比賽等的)前半, 后半.
•goal n. [ C ] (足球等的)球門(mén), (踢進(jìn)球門(mén)得到的)得分
He kicked the ball into the goal.
他把球踢進(jìn)球門(mén).
We beat them by three goals to two.
我們以3:2擊敗了他們.
They have won / scored a goal.
他們已經(jīng)得了1分.
20.as conj. 依照…, 如…, 隨…
We did as our P.E teacher told us and we won the first place in the league.
我們按照我們的體育老師說(shuō)的做, 這樣我們贏得了聯(lián)賽的第一.
I’ll do as you advise.
我會(huì)按照你的忠告去做.
Please try to pronounce the word as I do.
請(qǐng)?jiān)囍野l(fā)這個(gè)單詞的音.
She stayed in bed as the doctor had ordered.
他依照醫(yī)生的吩咐臥床休息.
Leave it as it is.
(把它)維持原狀好了.
Now do as I did just now.
現(xiàn)在按照我剛才做的進(jìn)行.
21.rather的用法
rather和quite同樣都可以用來(lái)修飾名詞, 通常置于冠詞之前, 但
名詞前有形容詞時(shí), 可以接在不定冠詞a, an之后.
It was rather a cold day.
=It was a rather cold day.
那是個(gè)相當(dāng)寒冷的日子.
They are rather a strong team.
=They are a rather strong team.
他們是一支相當(dāng)強(qiáng)的隊(duì)伍.
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