初中英語閱讀練習(xí)素材
閱讀理解【2】
●Our Needs
People are different, but they all have the same needs. Needs are things people must have to live. Our bodies need food and water. We also need air to breathe. We need a place to live to keep us safe. We need clothes to keep us warm. If we did not have these things, we could not survive(生存).
Needs may be different for people who live in different areas. If you live where it is cold, you may need special clothes to keep you warm. If you live where it is hot, you may need more water.
People have found new ways to meet their needs. Farmers grow food that people eat. They used to plant seeds by hand. They used to pick plants by hand. Now they have machines that do this work.
● Our Wants
Wants are things people would like to have but do not need to live. Suppose you hope to get a football for your birthday. A football is a want. You can live without it.
Sometimes we might want something so much that it feels like a need. We have to make choices, though. If you need a new coat for winter, you might not be able to get the football you want. We must choose what we need over what we want.
Sometimes we must make choices between things we want. Suppose you want to go to a birthday party for your uncle. That day, a friend asks you to go to a movie. The movie is at the same time as the party.
If you choose to go to the party, then what would you give up? What would you give up if you went to the movie?
34. Needs are things that people______.
A. don't use every day B. cannot live without
C. get to meet their interest D. have to improve their life
35. Which of the following must be a want?
A. Air. B. Water. C. A coat. D.A movie.
36. Which sentence shows the writer's opinion?
A. We must put what we need before what we want.
B. People from different areas must have different needs.
C. It's easy to make a choice between the things we want.
D. If we want something very much, it can become our need.
37. The writer tells the differences between needs and wants by ______.
A. giving examples B. doing research
C. making a survey D. having interviews
【考點(diǎn)】史地常識(shí)類閱讀.
【分析】我們的需求
人是不同的，但是他們都有同樣的需求.需求是人們賴以生存的東西.我們的身體需要食物和水，我們也需要空氣來呼吸，我們需要一個(gè)住的地方讓我們安全.我們需要衣服來保暖，如果我們沒有這些東西，我們不能生存.
需求對(duì)于生活在不同地區(qū)的人們或許是不同的.如果你生活在寒冷的地方，你可能需要特別的衣服來保暖，如果你生活在熱的地方，你可能需要更多的水.
人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)滿足需求的新方式.農(nóng)民種植供人們吃的食物，他們?cè)?jīng)用手播種，用手收割，現(xiàn)在他們有完成這些工作的機(jī)器.
我們的欲望
欲望是你想要的但不一定是生活所必須的東西.假設(shè)你希望在生日得到一個(gè)足球，足球是一個(gè)欲望，你沒有它也能生活.有時(shí)我們可能很想要的東西感覺像個(gè)需要，然 而我們必須做出選擇.如果你冬天需要一個(gè)新外套，你可能就得不到你想要的足球，我們必須選擇我們需要的而不是我們想要的.
有時(shí)候我們必須在我們想要的東西中做出選擇，假設(shè)你想去參加你叔叔的生日派對(duì)，那天，一個(gè)朋友要你去看電影，這個(gè)電影和派對(duì)是同一時(shí)間.
如果你選擇去派對(duì)，那么你將放棄什么?如果你去看電影那你將放棄什么?
【解答】34.B 根據(jù)原文“Needs are things people must have to live.”需求是人們賴以生存的'東西這句話可知，只有B選項(xiàng)和這句話的意義相似，沒有它就不能生存，所以選擇B.
35.D 這是一個(gè)推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章中關(guān)于需求和欲望的定義和舉的例子可知，air，water，a coat都是需求的范疇，只有movie是欲望的范疇，不是必需品，用排除法故選擇D.
36.A 這是一個(gè)歸納總結(jié)題.應(yīng)該從全文來把握作者的觀點(diǎn)，整片文章作者都在告訴我們需求和欲望的不同，根據(jù) “Wants are things people would like to have but do not need to live.(欲望是 你想要的但不一定是生活所必須的東西)這句話我們就可看出作者的觀點(diǎn)，要把需求放在欲望的前面，所以答案選A.其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不是作者的觀點(diǎn).
37.A 從文章內(nèi)容我們可以知道作者為了闡明需求和欲望的不同，舉了大量的例子，比如air，water，clothes，coat，football，movie等等，所以應(yīng)選答案為A，通過舉例子的方式來告訴我們需求與欲望的不同.
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文主要告訴我們需求與欲望的不同，結(jié)合題目既要從整體上把握文章的內(nèi)容，例如36和37題;又要注意細(xì)節(jié)的理解，例如35和36題，可以找出與之相關(guān)的句子和詞語予以支持.但不論側(cè)重點(diǎn)是什么在做題的過程中一定要從原文找答案，忠實(shí)于原文，而且前提是一定要讀懂.
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