初中英語閱讀練習素材及答案
對于大家來說，大學是個什么的存在呢?下面有小編整理的有關于大學的英語閱讀，歡迎大家閱讀!
Why College Is Not Home
The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.
For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.
To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思維方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.
Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群體) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(規(guī)定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.
It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.
Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.
67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?
A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving
C.Supportive D.Neutral
68.The underlined word “passage” in Paraghaph 2 means .
A.change B.choice
C.text D.extension
69.According to the author ,what role should college play?
A.to develop a shared identity among students
B.to define and regulate students’ social behavior
C.To provide a safe world without tension for students
D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development
【答案】
67.B
68.A
69.D
【解析】
試題分析：大學并不是溫暖的家庭，也不能成為學生的家庭。大學時期應該是培養(yǎng)自主性和自我同一性的重要時期。大學是孩子脫離父母控制的決定性時期，因此，學校不應該成為像家庭一樣讓孩子依賴的地方。
67.B 細觀點態(tài)度題。根據第一段 “The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性)and the development of adult identity. However...” 可知，作者認為，大學不應該成為孩子們依賴的'“家庭”，說明作者不贊成父母繼續(xù)指導上大學的孩子，故選B。
68.A猜測詞義題。根據“from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility”可知，從家庭的庇護到自主性和成年人的責任，這是一種轉變、變化，故選A。
69.D推理判斷題。每個人的個性都是不同的，排除A;根據第四段“If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing...”可知，作者不贊成大學管理者約束學生的社會行為，排除B;大學不是一個無憂無慮的場所，排除C;大學應該是學習知識和促進學生成長的地方，故選D。
California Condor’s Shocking Recovery
California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines an d lead poisoning(鉛中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.
Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(電死) if they touch two lines at once.
So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.
Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(腎) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.
Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”
63.California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .
A.are active at night
B.had to be bred in the wild
C.are found on in California
D.almost died out in the 1980s
64. Researchers have found electrical lines are .
A.blocking condors’ journey home
B. big killers of California condors
C. rest places for condors at night
D. used to keep condors away
65.According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning .
A.makes condors too nervous to fly
B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys
C. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors’ blood
D. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds
66.The passage shows that .
A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactory
B.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering
C.the efforts to protect condors have brought good results
D.researchers have found the final answers to the problem
【答案】
63.D
64.B
65.D
66.C
【解祈】
試題分析：加利福尼亞神鷹是北美最大的鳥類，雙翼展開可達3米。由于頻繁的觸電和鉛中毒，加利福尼亞神鷹幾乎絕跡�，F在，電擊和藥物治療正在拯救加利福尼亞神鷹。
63.D 推理判斷題。根據第三段 “As they go in to rest for the night” 排除 A;根據第二段 “In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild” 可知，condors—直生活在野外，排除B;根據第二段 “more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico” 可知，不止加利福尼亞有 condors,排除C，故選D。
64.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段 “Electrical lines have been killing them off...Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(電死)if they touch two lines at once.” 可知，神鷹不知道停在電線上會觸電身亡，它們經常停在電線上休息，結果，很多被電死了，故選B。
65.D 段落大意題。根據 “This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(腎)failures and death”可知，金屬鉛會刺激神鷹神經系統，影響它們的生肓能力，導致腎衰竭和死亡，故選D。
66.C推理判斷題。根據“just under eight years”可知，神鷹的平均壽命太短，排除A;根據“Although these measures are not effective forever”可知，目前采用的措施并不能永遠有效，排除D;根據第六段“ They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.” 可知，Rideout 團隊的研究興趣在于怎樣挽救這一瀕危物種，故選C。
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