大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析（下）
語(yǔ)法一直是大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試中同學(xué)們的攔路虎，同學(xué)們可以和小編一起看看大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析，以提高語(yǔ)法的答題能力!
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析六：不定式
1) It was a great achievement _______________(10個(gè)月建成一棟24層的樓).
2) It is necessary _______________(我們?cè)诳荚嚽昂煤玫厮煌砩嫌X(jué)).
3) It is generous _______________(你把這么多錢(qián)捐給災(zāi)區(qū)人民).
4) The teacher decided _______________(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學(xué)生).
5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法國(guó)的兒子).
6) The gardener _______________(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).
7) We _______________(請(qǐng)他給我們做有關(guān)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的講座).
8) He feels it challenging _______________(在這么大一所大學(xué)做學(xué)生會(huì)主席).
9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我們?cè)谡n堂上學(xué)到的東西應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐).
10) The bad weather _______________(破壞了我們?cè)诼短旆烹娪暗挠?jì)劃).
答案分析：
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
(考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語(yǔ)后面)
2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
(考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是事情，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等)
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
(考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的'對(duì)象是人，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等)
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class
(考點(diǎn)：1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語(yǔ);2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not)
(能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish)
5) whether to visit their son in France
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析七：動(dòng)名詞
1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.
2) They tried to avoid _______________(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).
3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我們的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)).
4) It is no use _______________(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).
5) He denied______________(偷看了同桌的試卷).[外語(yǔ)@教育網(wǎng)www.for68.com]
6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升為經(jīng)理).
答案分析：
1) Taking a cold bath every day (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ))
2) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ))
(下列動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)只能是動(dòng)名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest)
3) getting our goods into the international market (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ))
4) crying over spilled milk
(考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)名詞經(jīng)常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of)
5) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的完成式)
6) being promoted to manager (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式)
(考點(diǎn)：“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等)
6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon (考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art (考點(diǎn)：同上)
(能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線的動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to)
8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
(考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正賓語(yǔ))
9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice (考點(diǎn)：不定式作定語(yǔ))
(不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語(yǔ)：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等)
10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考點(diǎn)：同上)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析八：分詞
1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利語(yǔ)唱“祝你生日快樂(lè)”).
2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.
3) The war went on for years, _______________(奪去了成千上萬(wàn)人的生命).
4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(將平均產(chǎn)量提高了15%).
5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推導(dǎo)出它的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)原理).
6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精會(huì)神地看書(shū)), we stopped talking and began to study.
7) _______________(被這個(gè)男孩的事跡深深打動(dòng)了), they decided to pay for his education.
8) _______________(從一個(gè)年輕朋友的眼光來(lái)看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.
9) _______________(好久沒(méi)有收到父母的來(lái)信了), he was worried about them.
答案分析：
1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian (考點(diǎn)：分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
(catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動(dòng)詞常用分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
2) parked in the fire lane (考點(diǎn)：分詞作定語(yǔ))
3) killing thousands upon thousands of people (考點(diǎn)：分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))
4) raising the average yield by 15 percent (考點(diǎn)：同上)
5) trying to deduce its operating principle (考點(diǎn)：分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ))
6) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book (考點(diǎn)：分詞作原因狀語(yǔ))
7) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds (考點(diǎn)：同上)
8) Seen from the eyes of a young friend (考點(diǎn)：分詞作方式狀語(yǔ))
9) Not having heard from his parents for a long time
(考點(diǎn)：1. 分詞作原因狀語(yǔ);2.分詞的否定形式;3.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析九：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別
1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).
2) John meant _______________(開(kāi)車(chē)去那兒，但他的車(chē)出了故障).
3) I heard him ____________(在跟他的母親談話(huà)).
4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母親談了一個(gè)小時(shí)).
5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(結(jié)果卻摔斷了自己的腿).
6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔斷了雙腿).
7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).
8) _______________(看到父母安然無(wú)恙), he issued a sigh of relief.
9) _______________(跟隨著它的腳印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.
10) The pop, _______________(后面跟著兩個(gè)保鏢), came to meet his fans.
答案分析：
1) working very hard. (考點(diǎn)：mean表示“意味著”)
2) to drive there, but his car broke down (考點(diǎn)：mean表示“打算”)
(類(lèi)似需要區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞還有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等)
3) talking to his mother (考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行)
4) talk to his mother for an hour (考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)過(guò)程)
5) only to break his own leg (考點(diǎn)：意料之外的結(jié)果)
6) breaking his legs (考點(diǎn)：意料之中的結(jié)果)
7) to see his parents in good health (考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)位于句末)
8) Seeing his parents safe and sound (考點(diǎn)：分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)位于句首)
9) Following its footprints (考點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng))
10) followed by two body guards (考點(diǎn)：過(guò)去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng))
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)解析十：名詞從句
1) _______________(他們?yōu)槭裁措x開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)去云南) is still a secret.
2) _______________(最讓我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.
3) _______________(這么做是故意的) became obvious.
4) It is not clear yet _______________(誰(shuí)應(yīng)該為這件事負(fù)責(zé)).
5) It is none of your business _______________(瑪麗與誰(shuí)訂婚).
6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).
7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在尋找的).
8) It is not yet known _______________(機(jī)器人是否有一天能擁有象人一樣的視力).
9) _______________(她是否喜歡那個(gè)禮物) is not clear to me.
10) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否應(yīng)該請(qǐng)求另一筆貸款).
11) It all depends on _______________(他們是否會(huì)支持我們).
12) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).
13) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事來(lái)提高他們工資).
14) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席會(huì)同意他的提議).
答案分析：
1) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan (考點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)從句)
2) What confused me most (考點(diǎn)：同上)
3) That this was done on purpose (考點(diǎn)：同上)
4) who should be responsible for this matter (考點(diǎn)：較長(zhǎng)的主語(yǔ)從句可以后置，用it作形式主語(yǔ))
5) whom Mary is engaged to (考點(diǎn)：同上)
6) what can be done today (考點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句)
7) what I have been looking for (考點(diǎn)：表語(yǔ)從句)
8) whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision(考點(diǎn)：whether/if引導(dǎo)后置的主語(yǔ)從句)
9) Whether she likes the present (考點(diǎn)：whether引導(dǎo)前置的主語(yǔ)從句)
10) whether I should ask for another loan (考點(diǎn)：whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)
11) whether they will support us (考點(diǎn)：whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)
12) whether I can count on your vote (考點(diǎn)：whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)
(9-12中的whether不可以替換為if)
13) that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages (考點(diǎn)：同位語(yǔ)從句)
14) that the chairman would agree to this proposal (考點(diǎn)：同上)