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《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》里的中文詞匯--干杯、旗袍
自2010年底,《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》(整合資源,更新條目、定義與書(shū)證后,以在線版的形態(tài)重新問(wèn)世。在線版的《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》收錄了300個(gè)左右源自中文的詞匯,或音譯(loanword)或借譯(loan translation)。《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》(The Oxford English Dictionary)依歷史原則編纂,是英語(yǔ)世界最大、最權(quán)威的英語(yǔ)詞典。
ganbei 干杯;干了
【詞源】
[ < Chinese gānbēi: gān empty, dry + bēi cup ] 源自中文“干杯”。
【定義】
n. A Chinese drinking-toast, a call to drain one's glass. Also as v. intr. and trans., to drink (as) a toast. 中國(guó)式的祝酒,要人喝干杯中酒所說(shuō)的話。亦作不及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞
【書(shū)證】
One of the cordial customs in China is to ganbei a Maotai—to down in one dash a glass of the country’s famous colourless wheat-based liquor. 在中國(guó),一個(gè)表示友好的習(xí)俗是把茅臺(tái)給干了──也就是一口氣喝下一杯中國(guó)知名的、以小麥為原料的白酒。──澳大利亞《信使報(bào)》(Courier-Mail),1976/7/7 Many ganbei, or toasts, drunk with mao-tai whisky,
cloyingly sweet orange soda or cool, refreshing Chinese beer were raised. 很多人舉杯喊“干了”(即祝酒),喝的是類(lèi)似威士忌的茅臺(tái)、甜的發(fā)膩的橙子汽水、還有清涼爽口的中國(guó)啤酒。──《時(shí)代雜志》(Time),1987/4/13
qipao 旗袍
【詞源】
[ < Chinese qípáo (Wade-Giles transcription ch'i p'ao), lit. ‘banner dress’
The dress was so called with reference to the Manchu people who ruled China during the Qing dynasty: they were organized into groups designated by different coloured banners, and consequently the term qírén‘bannermen’became a way to
refer to Manchus. The one-piece garment was characteristic of Manchu dress, as distinct from the two-piece styles used by Han Chinese women. 這種婦女服飾得名自清朝統(tǒng)治中國(guó)的滿族。滿族人民依不同顏色的旗幟而分類(lèi)編制,因此“旗人”這個(gè)說(shuō)法便用來(lái)指稱(chēng)滿族。這種連身的衣服是滿族婦女的特色服飾,有別于漢族婦女所穿的兩截式風(fēng)格。
【定義】
n. A type of dress traditionally worn by Chinese women, typically having a high mandarin collar, a split skirt, and a fitted bodice with an asymmetrical closure extending from the neck to the right underarm; = cheongsam
一種中國(guó)婦女所穿的傳統(tǒng)連衣裙,一般為直領(lǐng),裙擺開(kāi)衩,腰部以上合身,開(kāi)襟不對(duì)稱(chēng),由領(lǐng)口開(kāi)到右側(cè)腋下。亦作cheongsam
【書(shū)證】
When she struts about the stage.., her tight-fitting Chinese ‘qipao’, slit to the hip, flares open to reveal slender legs. 她在臺(tái)上昂首闊步,身上穿著開(kāi)衩至臀部的緊身旗袍,展露出修長(zhǎng)的雙腿。──《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》(The New York Times),1984/1/30
During a break, Madam Fu changes quickly into a navy blue
qipao tastefully complemented with a peach apron. 休息時(shí),傅夫人立即換上一件深藍(lán)色的旗袍,搭配一條桃色的圍裙,雅
致而有品位。──新加坡《海峽時(shí)報(bào)》(The Strait Times),1992/10/20
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