2017高考英語閱讀七選五做題技巧
通讀全文，了解文章大意。 通讀答案，找出和文章相對應的關鍵詞。 根據(jù)文章整體結構、具體內(nèi)容，結合關鍵詞，將選項填入文中。 將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關系和關聯(lián)結構。 研究多余選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。下面是yjbys小編為大家?guī)淼母呖加⒄Z閱讀七選五做題技巧，歡迎閱讀。
1. 如果問題設在段首
(1)通常是段落的主題句
認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關的詞，推斷出主題句
(2)與后文是并列，轉折，因果關系等。
著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有某種的銜接手段。
(3)段落間的過渡句。
這時要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結尾有機地銜接起來，并結合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。
2. 如果問題設在段尾
(1).空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關鍵詞。
(2.)通常是結論，概括性語句
注意在選項中查找表示結果結論，總結等的信號詞。Therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。
(3.)與前文是轉折或對比關系
此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉折對比的關聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立，對比關系。
(4.)與前文是并列或排比關系
在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關的特征詞，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進關系的關聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結構，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。
(5.)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容
如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來
(6.)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題
通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉折詞引出來，正確答案應有這樣的特征詞。
一、 基本技巧
一) 做題步驟
1. 閱讀各個空的前后句，標記關鍵詞
在閱讀文章的開始部分、明確文章的基本話題以后，要閱讀五個空各自的前后句，并將前后句中的解題線索，即關鍵詞標記下來。關鍵詞包括句中的核心名詞或名詞詞組(如帶有形容詞的名詞詞組)、專有名詞、時間數(shù)字、代詞、連詞等。
2. 閱讀各個選項，尤其是選項的首句，標記關鍵詞
3. 比較上述兩類關鍵詞，確定答案
4. 將確定的答案代入原文，看讀起來是否通順。
二) 判斷方法
在標記了原文與選項的關鍵詞以后，可以按照下列原則判斷原文的空與選項是否匹配：
1. 詞匯銜接
正確選項中的關鍵詞一般重復前一句的關鍵詞，也與下一句的關鍵詞相呼應。
2. 邏輯銜接
正確選項與原文空之前的句子在邏輯上是連貫的。例如，前一句使用although，那么正確選項的內(nèi)容應該與之相反。
3. 代詞銜接
正確選項中代詞之后的關鍵詞一定在原文的前一句談論過。例如，如果選項中說this reward，而且這一選項是正確答案，那么原文中的空之前的句中一定出現(xiàn)過reward這個詞或它的同義詞。
二、真題分析
ices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, last approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.
He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left .On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a “Fun Card”, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls “electronic heroin”.
(41) _________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m, then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m .Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.
In March 1998, a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter. Noting the “medical/psychological” nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.
(42) _____________________________.
The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning, “Enjoy the fun… and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.
(43)_________________________.
The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling ”involves president, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.
(44)___________________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders skin to physical disabilities.
(45)____________________.
Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on - you might say addicted to - revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gambler’s dollars has become intense. The Oct.28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual cosines every week, with $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has ,passed pornography as the web’s webs most profitable business.
(A) Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino’s marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.
(B) It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?
(C) By the time he had lost $5,000, he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit, one night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.
(D) Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy, the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.
(E) David Williams suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.
(F) It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addiction what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.
(G) The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to more against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?
1.標記空前后句中的關鍵詞
本文以Williams為例，討論賭博的危害性。各個空前后句的關鍵詞標記如下：
41.空前：名詞詞組electronic morphine(電子嗎啡，意思是上癮);數(shù)字20、800。空后：數(shù)字21，000等。說明空中要填入的選項可能包含數(shù)字，并且描述了賭博上癮的情況。
42.名詞letter等。說明空中要填入的選項可能包含letter或其同義詞。
43.引號中的關鍵詞：lure, conduct against his will。
44.關鍵詞：diagnostic, mental disorder, pathological。說明空中要填入的選項可能涉及與醫(yī)學有關的行為。
45.空后句中的關鍵詞：forty-five states。說明空中要填入的選項可能涉及政府行為。而且forty-five states是具體說明，那么它前面的空應該是總論政府的行為。
2.標記選項中的關鍵詞
(A)such evidence, mailings。Such evidence說明空的前一句可能提到過一種evidence(證據(jù))，選項中的continued to pepper him with mailings說明空的前一句提到過mailings(寫信)一類的東西。
(B)luring，will。What luring說明luring 或其同義詞在前一句出現(xiàn)過。His will說明will或其同義詞在前一句出現(xiàn)過。
(C)數(shù)字5,000;賭博上癮(did not quit)。說明前一句可能提到數(shù)字，而且涉及賭博上癮的說明。
(D)common feature; social policy; government。
(E)David Williams’s suit;this gambling nation。
(F)medicalizing more and more behavioral problems。more and more說明空前已經(jīng)以醫(yī)療方式(medicalizing)處理過類似問題。
(G) online gambling。
3.比較兩類關鍵詞
將7個選項的關鍵詞與5個空的前后句中的關鍵詞進行比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)匹配的是：
41與C、42與A、43與B、44與F、 45與D。
4. 代入原文
將確定的選項代入原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)意義上與邏輯上都通順，因此為正確答案。
新題型七選五題型解題技巧(1)：
題型解讀：試題模式為：給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應有七個選項，要求同學們根據(jù)文章結構、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應的空白處�！犊荚囌f明》對該題型命題目的的表述為“主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。”
新題型七選五其實跟傳統(tǒng)題型完形填空有相似之處，完形填空空出的是詞，而七選五空出的是句子，但是他們的考察方式都是一樣的，只要考生選擇的答案能夠使行文連貫，符合英文的語法以及習慣表達就行，因此，這兩類題型在做題方法上有共通之處。另外，從該題型給出的選項中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一些特點：該題型選項大致可分為主旨概括句(文章整體內(nèi)容)、過渡性句子(文章結構)和注釋性句子(上下文邏輯意義)三類。另外兩個多余的干擾項也可以通過這三個特點來排除，例如主旨概括句要么過于寬泛要么以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結構，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。根據(jù)這些，我們總結一些關于七選五的做題方法供大家參考。
1、先看選項。跟完形填空不一樣，七選五的答案選項較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過句子的完整性或者句子后面的標點符號來判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過閱讀選項，有可能找出跟其他選項表達完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項排除。
2、再看空前空后。由于七選五空出的是整個句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。
3、注意代詞或定冠詞。在做這類題目的時候，一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，因為我們知道，代詞是指代一個名詞或者一個句子的，然后通過代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，我們要做的就是從選項中找這類句型就可以了。
4、注意一些特殊疑問詞。如果選項中或空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問詞，一定要把這句話仔細讀幾遍，因為對于不同特殊疑問詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的詞，對when的回答，后面要有表時間的狀語，對where的回答，后面要有表地點的名詞，對how的回答，后面要有方式狀語等。
5、注意一些連詞。如一些表示轉折的連詞，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關系的連詞如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。
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