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英語(yǔ)作文演講稿開頭和結(jié)尾怎么寫
演講稿以發(fā)表意見，表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)為主，是為演講而事先準(zhǔn)備好的文稿。在快速變化和不斷變革的新時(shí)代，演講稿的使用越來越廣泛，你所見過的演講稿是什么樣的呢？下面是小編為大家收集的英語(yǔ)作文演講稿開頭和結(jié)尾怎么寫，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。
一、開頭：
開頭要點(diǎn)：要抓住聽眾，引人入勝
演講稿的開頭，也叫開場(chǎng)白。它在演講稿的格式中處于顯要的地位，好的演講稿，一開頭就應(yīng)該用最簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言、最經(jīng)濟(jì)的時(shí)間，把聽眾的注意力和興奮點(diǎn)吸引過來，這樣，才能達(dá)到出奇制勝的效果。
【告訴聽眾發(fā)言的長(zhǎng)度】
- During the next ten minutes, I shall...
- I shall be speaking for about ten minutes...
- My presentation will last for about ten minutes...
- I wont take up more than ten minutes of your time...
- I dont intend to speak for longer than ten minutes...
- I know that time is short, so I intend to keep this brief
- I have a lot to cram in to the next ten minutes, so Id better make a start...
【引起聽眾的興趣】
- Im going to be speaking about something that is vitally important to all of us.
- My presentation will help solve a problem that has puzzled people for years...
- At the end of this presentation you will understand why this company has been so successful for so long...
- I am going to be talking about a product that could double your profit margins...
- the next ten minutes will change your attitude to sales and marketing...
- Over the next ten minutes you are going to hear about something that will change the way your companies operate...
- By the end of this presentation you will know all there is to know about...
【告訴聽眾內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)】
- there are five main aspects to this topic (...the first, ... the second, ...a third, ...another, ... the final)
- I am going to examine these topics in the following order (...first, ...next, ...after that, ...finally)
- Ive divided my talk into five parts...
- I will deal with these topics in chronological order...
- Im going to start with a general overview and then focus on this particular problem (...in general, ...more particularly).
- I want to start with this particular topic, and then draw some more general conclusions from it (...specifically, ... in a wider context).
- there are (a number of) factors that may affect...
- We have to take into account in any discussion of this subject, the following considerations.
- We all ought to be aware of the following points.
【歡迎聽眾(正式)】
- Welcome to our company
- I am pleased to be able to welcome you to our company...
- Id like to thank you for coming.
- May I take this opportunity of thanking you for coming
【歡迎聽眾(非正式 )】
- Im glad you could all get here...
- Im glad to see so many people here.
- Its GREat to be back here.
- Hello again everybody. Thank you for being on time/ma-ki-ng the effort to come today.
- Welcome to X Part II.
【受邀請(qǐng)?jiān)跁?huì)議上致詞】
- I am delighted/pleased/glad to have the opportunity to present/of ma-ki-ng this presentation...
- I am grateful for the opportunity to present...
- Id like to thank you for inviting/asking me/giving me the chance to...
- Good morning/afternoon/evening ladies and gentleman
- Its my pleasant duty today to...
- Ive been asked to...
【告知演講的話題】
- the subject of my presentation is...
- I shall be speaking today about...
- My presentation concerns...
- Todays topic is...
- Today we are here to give a presentation on...
- Today we are here to talk about...Before we start, Id like you meet my team members...
- A brief look at todays agenda...(告訴聽眾所講內(nèi)容的先后順序)
- Before we start our presentation, lets take a brief look at the agenda...
- I shall be offering a brief analysis of...
- the main area that I intend to cover in this presentation is...
- Take a moment and think of...
- Thank you for giving me the opportunity to tell you about...
二、結(jié)尾：
結(jié)尾要點(diǎn)：簡(jiǎn)潔有力，余音繞梁
結(jié)尾是演講內(nèi)容的自然結(jié)束。言簡(jiǎn)意賅、余音繞梁的結(jié)尾能夠震撼聽眾，促使聽眾不斷地思考和回味。
演講稿結(jié)尾沒有固定的格式，可以是對(duì)演講全文要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)明扼要的小結(jié)，也可以是號(hào)召性、激勵(lì)性的口號(hào)，也可以是名人名言以及幽默的話，結(jié)尾的重要原則是：一定要給聽眾留下深刻的印象。
【總結(jié)】
-To summarize...
-Briefly, then...
-We have seen that...
-the main points, therefore, are...
-If I can summarize what I have said so far...
-If we can take stock for a moment...
-Thus we can see...
-It must now be clear that...
-Ive been attempted to explain here that...
-So, to sum up...
-To recap, then, ...
【結(jié)束語(yǔ)】
-In conclusion, Id like to…
-Id like to finish by…
-Finally…
-By way of conclusion…
-I hope I have made myself understood
-I hope you have found this useful
-I hope this has given you some idea/clear idea/an outline of…
-Let me end by saying…
-That, then was all I had to say on…
-That concludes our presentation…
-I hope Ive managed to give you a clearer picture of…
-If there are any questions, Id be delighted to…
-Thank you for your attention…
-Lets break for a coffee at this point
-I am afraid that the clock is against us, so we had better stop here
-You have been a very attentive audience---thank you
英語(yǔ)演講稿技巧
1.根據(jù)聽眾對(duì)象，注意演講的總體措詞
演講的總體措詞是嚴(yán)肅一些還是活潑一些，是有較明顯的說教口氣還是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根據(jù)聽眾對(duì)象而定。如果場(chǎng)下聽眾是同齡的學(xué)生，那么演講的內(nèi)容只要風(fēng)趣一些往往就能引起共鳴。但另一方面，如果聽眾大多是上了年紀(jì)的教師，太多的笑料反而會(huì)被認(rèn)為“不嚴(yán)肅”，“不尊重”，而引起反感。
用英語(yǔ)演講，不要用太多 i feel, i think，老是用i，顯得十分主觀，狹隘。如果通篇全是 i feel, i think 的內(nèi)容，會(huì)給人覺得缺乏說服力。另外，perhaps, maybe 這樣的詞語(yǔ)，雖然有“客氣，謙虛”的成分，但太多會(huì)讓人覺得你演講的內(nèi)容有不可靠之處。
還有，在演講中，要少用you，多用we。用you等于把自己與聽眾對(duì)立起來，而用we則拉近了與聽眾的距離。比如：you should not smoke.聽上去像教訓(xùn)人，而 let’s not smoke聽起來是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的建議。
2.演講要越短越好
gettysburg address four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
we are met on a great battlefield of that war. we have come to dedicate a portion of the field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that the nation might live. it is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. but in a larger sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.
the brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. the world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
it is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. it is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us, ----that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion, ----that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, ----that this nation, under god, shall have a new birth of freedom, ----and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
其實(shí)，我們中學(xué)生練習(xí)寫演講稿，可以短些，從4～5分鐘，500～600個(gè)詞，圍繞一個(gè)主題開始練習(xí)。
3.英語(yǔ)演講稿的基本組成部分
從大的方面看，英語(yǔ)演講詞實(shí)際上是屬于一種特殊的說明文或議論文，其基本組成部分是：
1)開始時(shí)對(duì)聽眾的稱呼語(yǔ)
最常用的是 ladies and gentlemen，也可根據(jù)不同情況，選用 fellow students, distinguished guests, mr chairman, honorable judges(評(píng)委)等等。
2)提出論題 愛愛英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站
由于演講的時(shí)間限制，必須開門見山，提出論題。提出論題的方法有各種各樣，但最生動(dòng)，最能引起注意的是用舉例法。比如：你要呼吁大家關(guān)心貧窮地區(qū)的孩子，你可以用親眼看到的或者收集到的那些貧窮孩子多么需要幫助的實(shí)例開始。另外，用具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)也是一個(gè)有效的引出論題的方法，比如：你要談遵守交通規(guī)則的話題，你可以從舉一系列有關(guān)車輛、車禍等的數(shù)據(jù)開始。
3)論證
對(duì)提出的論題，不可主觀地妄下結(jié)論，而要進(jìn)行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關(guān)鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對(duì)比法等等，可參見英語(yǔ)議論文的有關(guān)章節(jié)。
4)結(jié)論
結(jié)論要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，以給聽眾留下深刻印象。
5)結(jié)尾
結(jié)尾要簡(jiǎn)潔，不要拉拉扯扯，說個(gè)沒完。特別是不要受漢語(yǔ)影響，說些類似“準(zhǔn)備不足，請(qǐng)諒解”，“請(qǐng)批評(píng)指正”這樣的廢話。最普通的結(jié)尾就是：thank you very much for your attention。
4.英語(yǔ)演講稿的語(yǔ)言特征
1)多用實(shí)詞，多用短句，少用結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句
在英語(yǔ)演講中，and, but, so, then 等虛詞要盡量少用，that, which 等詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也只會(huì)使句子結(jié)構(gòu)變得復(fù)雜，而使聽眾難以跟上演講者的思路，從而影響演講的效果。相反，多使用實(shí)詞，短句，可使得演講內(nèi)容更清晰，氣勢(shì)更磅礴。
2)演講要注意使用各種修辭手法，增加演講的感染力和氣勢(shì)。英語(yǔ)演講中常用的修辭手法有：漸進(jìn)(climax)、對(duì)照(antithesis)、排比(parallelism)、警句(epigram)等等，例如：
that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.(排比)
這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的國(guó)家將不會(huì)從地球上消失。
united, there is little we can not do;
divided, there is little we can do.(對(duì)照)
團(tuán)結(jié)，我們便將無所不能;分裂，我們則會(huì)一事無成。
let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.
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