助動詞的實用方法
協(xié)助主要動詞 構成謂語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb),也叫輔助動詞。被協(xié)助的動詞稱作主要動詞(Main Verb)。以下是小編整理的關于助動詞的實用方法,希望大家認真閱讀!
1助動詞be
一般疑問句:
陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r,如句中有be動詞(am/is/are/ was/were),可直接將它們提至主語前。
如主語為第一人稱,應將其改為第二人稱。例如:
I'm watching TV.
Are you watching TV?
如主語為第三人稱,那么單數用is,復數用are。
例如:
He is good at swimming
Is he good at swimming?
My classmates are kind and polite.
Are your classmates kind and polite?
時態(tài)為一般過去時,例如:
He was an engineer.
Was he an engineer?
They were on a long journey.
Were they on a long journey?
特殊疑問句:
特殊疑問句有兩種語序:
如疑問詞作主語或主語的定語,即對主語或主語的`定語提問,其語序是:
“特殊疑問詞+陳述句”,例如:
Alice is singing in the room.
Who is singing in the room?
如疑問詞作其他成分,即對其他成分提問,其語序是:
“特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句”,例如:
He is from Canada.
Is he from Canada?
Where is he from?
2助動詞do
一般疑問句:
陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r,如句中只有一個實義動詞作謂語時,句首加do或does,主語后的實義動詞用原形。
例句:
I want to have a haircut.
Do you want to have a haircut?
She like that red car.
Does she like that red car?
時態(tài)為一時般過去時,則在句首加did,主語后的實義動詞用原形。
例句:
She came by train.
Did she come by train?
特殊疑問句:
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句,例如:
He plays basketball every night.
Does he play basketball every night?
What does he do every night?
3助動詞have
一般疑問句:
在現在完成時中,陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋭t需將has/have提前,放在句首。
例句:
I have finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework?
He has changed his mind.
Has he changed his mind?
特殊疑問句:
特殊疑問詞+陳述句,例如:
He has cleaned the room yesterday.
Who has cleaned the room yesterday?
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句,例如:
I have studied English for three years.
Have you studied English for three years?
How long have you studied English?
4助動詞shall和will
注意:Shall只用于第一人稱,如用于第二、三人稱,就失去助動詞的意義,變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)動詞,且有命令意味。
變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧,只需將shall和will提前至句首。例如:
We should study harder at English.
Should we study harder at English?
He will go to Shanghai.
Will he go to Shanghai?
變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧,例句?/p>
I shall look after the sheep.
Who shall look after the sheep?
She will go to Beijing tomorrow.
When will she go to Beijing?
5助動詞should和would
should無詞義,只是shall的過去形式,只用于第一人稱;
would也無詞義,是will的過去形式。
用法與shall,will相似,只是shall,will表示一般將來時,should,would表示過去將來時。
注意:這里的shall,will,would,should只作助動詞使用,無詞義,而非情態(tài)動詞。
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