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職稱英語(yǔ)

職稱英語(yǔ)備考:如何有效利用歷年真題

時(shí)間:2024-09-11 21:32:47 職稱英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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2017職稱英語(yǔ)備考:如何有效利用歷年真題

  真題可以毫不夸張地說(shuō)是我們準(zhǔn)備職稱英語(yǔ)考試的最寶貴資料,通過(guò)對(duì)真題的學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)達(dá)到我們提高應(yīng)試技巧,最終提高我們的考試分?jǐn)?shù),實(shí)際上是我們鉆研歷年真題的真正目的所在。但是很可惜的是,很久以來(lái)很多考生對(duì)真題的研究不夠和重視程度不夠,我們覺(jué)得大家對(duì)真題的使用應(yīng)該是多層次的、徹底的、全方位的,比如說(shuō)做完題目之后一定要對(duì)真題進(jìn)行反復(fù)的精讀,應(yīng)該要做到能夠徹底讀懂吃透真題里面的每一個(gè)印刷符號(hào)!2017職稱英語(yǔ)考試時(shí)間

2017職稱英語(yǔ)備考:如何有效利用歷年真題

  原則上來(lái)講,比如說(shuō)我們做一套真題可能只花一個(gè)半小時(shí),但是事實(shí)上大家要真的去鉆研透吸收一套真題里面所有的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和知識(shí)可能需要幾十個(gè)小時(shí),我們才能做到真正的融會(huì)貫通。做完真題之后切忌只對(duì)答案,我們答案的對(duì)錯(cuò)成敗無(wú)關(guān)重要,關(guān)鍵是要把做的真題當(dāng)中錯(cuò)了的或者說(shuō)發(fā)現(xiàn)的有用的知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提煉、分類、整理,然后才能對(duì)真題進(jìn)行一個(gè)全方位的梳理和吸收。

  有些人可能認(rèn)為真題是我們唯一應(yīng)該抓住的東西,或者說(shuō)真題至上這種說(shuō)法,或者說(shuō)只做真題就夠了這種觀點(diǎn),我們認(rèn)為這種說(shuō)法是有一定的合理性,但是也有片面性。如果說(shuō)只是從頭到尾研究真題,同學(xué)們可能會(huì)感覺(jué)到比較乏味,當(dāng)我們把真題所包含的知識(shí)點(diǎn),一個(gè)個(gè)提煉、分類、精讀,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)歷年出卷的重點(diǎn),難點(diǎn)所在。

  拓展閱讀:2017職稱英語(yǔ)備考經(jīng)驗(yàn):怎樣巧記單詞?

  一、結(jié)合記憶法

  將比較生疏,不常用的單詞放入一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境——句子中,結(jié)合句意來(lái)記憶單詞。遇到此單詞時(shí),若詞義忘記,則可通過(guò)回憶所在句子的意思來(lái)記憶單詞。例如:

  slope

  n. ①傾斜;坡度;斜度

  There is always a certain slope in a ship's deck. 船的甲板總有幾分傾斜。

 、谛泵;斜坡

  We climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我們爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。

  vi. 傾斜。

  The railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 鐵路在此處有輕微的傾斜。

  critical

  adj. ①批評(píng)(性)的,吹毛求疵的

  I don't like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜歡對(duì)每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。

  ②緊要的,關(guān)鍵的;危急的

  His condition is reported as being very critical. 據(jù)報(bào)告他的情況非常危急。

  通過(guò)此法來(lái)掌握詞匯,既有助于記住單詞本身的拼寫、拼讀,又可同時(shí)熟悉詞的詞義、詞性、用法和搭配,比孤立地背記單詞效果要好。

  二、同類記憶法

  將同類詞匯收集在一起,同時(shí)背記。注意,同類詞匯與同義詞不同:同義詞是指意思相同,而同類詞是指基本屬性相同、具體意義的層次,級(jí)別或范圍不同的一類詞匯。

  如headmaster和principal是同義詞,都表示,“中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)”;president和chancellor是同義詞,都表示大專院校“校長(zhǎng)”。這兩組詞是同類詞匯,都表示“校長(zhǎng)”,但具體級(jí)別不同,所以兩組詞不是同義詞。

  再如bachelor(學(xué)士)、master(碩士),doctor (博士)三個(gè)詞都表示學(xué)位授予的情況,但具體級(jí)別不同,所以這三個(gè)詞也是一組同類詞匯。

  這樣,將同類詞匯放在一起記憶,當(dāng)遇到其中一個(gè)詞時(shí),頭腦中出現(xiàn)的就是一組詞,效率大大提高了。

  三、比較記憶法

  把同義詞或形似詞放在一起,加以區(qū)別。記憶的過(guò)程是一組組,一對(duì)對(duì)單詞同時(shí)記憶。職稱英語(yǔ)中有很大一部分都是對(duì)同義詞或近義詞的考察,需要平時(shí)進(jìn)行記憶和積累。

  例題1:The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.

  A. started

  B. finished

  C. changed

  D. made

  答案:B

  例題2:Michael is now merely a good friend.

  A. largely

  B. possibly

  C. just

  D. rarely

  答案:C

  Merely/ only/ just

  四、構(gòu)詞法記憶法

  通過(guò)掌握構(gòu)詞法來(lái)記憶單詞。英語(yǔ)主要有三種構(gòu)詞法:

  1)轉(zhuǎn)化,即由一個(gè)詞類轉(zhuǎn)化為另一個(gè)詞類。例如:

  picture (n)畫-picture (v)描繪

  water (n)水-water (v)澆水

  例題1: He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.

  A. behavior

  B. style

  C. mode

  D. attitude

  答案:A

  解釋:

  Conduct (v.)引導(dǎo),管理,為人,傳導(dǎo)

  Conduct (n.)操守,行為

  Conductor (n.)列車員,售票員,指揮者,導(dǎo)體等

  Semi-conductor 半導(dǎo)體

  例題2:The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類C級(jí))

  A. suffer

  B. accept

  C. receive

  D. endure

  答案:D

  解釋:

  bear (n.)熊

  bear (v.)負(fù)擔(dān), 忍受, 帶給, 具有, 擠

  2)派生,即通過(guò)加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成另一個(gè)詞,例如:

  happy→ unhappy(加前綴) happiness(加后綴)

  例題1: The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類C級(jí))

  A. promote

  B. paint

  C. polish

  D. produce

  答案:D

  例題2: Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類C級(jí))

  A. mental

  B. physical

  C. natural

  D. hard

  答案:B

  man-, manu- =hand

  manage(管理), manual(體力的,手冊(cè)), manuscript(手寫稿), manufacture(生產(chǎn)), manumit(釋放)

  例題3:About one million Americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類C級(jí))

  A. every year

  B. severely

  C. actively

  D. every month

  答案:A

  Ann= year

  Anniversaire (French)

  Anniversary, annals(編年史), annuity(年金)

  3)合成,即由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞。例如:

  wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)

  pea(豌豆) nuts(堅(jiān)果)→ peanut(花生)

  例題1: In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.

  A. judgement

  B. result

  C. decision

  D. event

  答案:B

  五、根義記憶法

  利用根義代替記憶多義,可以解決“沒(méi)有生詞”卻老讀不懂的問(wèn)題。

  比如要問(wèn)immediate(ly)是否已記住,回答當(dāng)然是肯定的。那么就請(qǐng)看下面三個(gè)“沒(méi)有生詞”的片段:

  a) The woman walks immediately behind the car.

  b) She is my immediate neighbor.

  c) the immediate cause

  若沒(méi)有讀懂,那么就請(qǐng)看immediate(ly)根義

  中間沒(méi)有間隔(地)

  1)(時(shí)間)立刻;

  2)(空間)緊挨,通接,緊跟,

  3)(關(guān)系)直接

  例題1:He will leave immediately.

  A. far away

  B. right away

  C. right here

  D. soon

  答案:B

  例題2:Can you follow the plot?

  A. change (www.yingyukaoshi.com0

  B. investigate

  C. understand

  D. write

  答案:C

  請(qǐng)看下面幾句中的follow 分別都是什么意思?

  She went into the building, followed by a group of students.

  The teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here.

  I'm sorry, but I can't follow you.

  六、幾組對(duì)容易混淆詞進(jìn)行特別記憶

  (1)有些字可當(dāng)形容詞又可當(dāng)副詞,例如: early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc.

  We had an early breakfast. (形容詞)

  We went by a fast train. (形容詞)

  We had breakfast early. (副詞)

  Don't speak so fast.(副詞)

  (2)有些形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不過(guò)在字義上不同。

  (A) easy “安適地”; easily “容易地”:

  Stand easy!

  He's not easily satisfied.

  (B) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“顯然地”;)

  The bullet went clear through the door.

  The thieves got clearly away.

  (C) high “高”; highly “很;非常”;

  The birds are flying high.

  He was highly praised for his work.

  (D) Slow 和 slowly當(dāng)副詞時(shí)同義, 但 slow比 slowly語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng).

  I told the driver to go slow(er).

  Drive slowly round these bends in the road.

  (E) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “幾乎不”;

  He works hard. (= He is a hard worker.)

  He hardly does anything nowadays. (= He does very little nowadays.)

  (F) just “剛才;僅”; justly “公正地”;

  I've just seen him.

  He was justly punished.

  (G) late “遲”; lately (= recently)“最近地”;

  He went to bed late.

  I haven't seen Mr. Green lately.

  (H) Pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分,頗”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”;

  The situation seems pretty hopeless.

  She was prettily dressed.

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