英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試閱讀的解題思路
閱讀在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試中的分值是較高的，考生必須要有一定的解題思路。為此百分網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)?lái)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試閱讀部分的解題思路。
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀的解題思路
1.順序原則
第一個(gè)命題原則就是順序原則，也就是說(shuō)，在一般情況下，文章的行文順序跟文章后的題目順序是保持一致的。因此，一般第一題基本上是針對(duì)第一段來(lái)命題的。根據(jù)這個(gè)順序以此類推。了解到順序原則，我們就可以找到題目在文章中的大概位置，然后再根據(jù)題目中題干里的定位詞，就能精準(zhǔn)的到文章中進(jìn)行定位并做題了。
在此，四六級(jí)老師提醒大家，如若第一題是針對(duì)第一段來(lái)命題的，那就說(shuō)明第一題的答案也一定在第一段，如果四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，有選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不是出自第一段，則這個(gè)選項(xiàng)一定是干擾選項(xiàng)要予以排除。
2.替換原則
第二命題原則是替換原則，也就是說(shuō)，正確答案跟原文之間是同義替換關(guān)系。那就說(shuō)明，如果有哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是一模一樣照抄原文的，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)一般就是干擾選項(xiàng)不能選擇。
正確答案跟原文是同義替換關(guān)系，也就是不照抄原文的，跟原文內(nèi)容有同義詞替換的，就應(yīng)該是正確答案了。當(dāng)然，這里又會(huì)有兩種具體的情況：
一是正確答案跟原文所有內(nèi)容都是同義替換。比如下面這道題目：
57. What does the author say about junk food?
A)People should be educated not to eat too much.
B)It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.
C)Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.
D)It causes more harm than is generally realized.
原文
Junk food is everywhere. We're eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we're doing and yet we do it anyway.
在這個(gè)題目中，正確答案跟原文基本上是所有內(nèi)容的同義替換。它們之間的關(guān)系是這樣的：
解析：
(1)B選項(xiàng)中的it=原文中的Junk food;
(2)選項(xiàng)中widely=原文中everywhere，too much;
(3)選項(xiàng)中consume=原文中 eating;
(4)選項(xiàng)中despite=原文中yet;
(5)選項(xiàng)中ill reputation=原文junk
因此，四六級(jí)老師提示大家，我們做傳統(tǒng)閱讀題目，一定不是靠感覺(jué)來(lái)做題，而是應(yīng)該盡可能找到同義詞，在選項(xiàng)和原文中，找到的同義詞越多，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)作為正確答案的可能性越大!
二是正確答案有一部分是原文內(nèi)容的同義替換，有一部分是原文內(nèi)容，這種情況也會(huì)是正確答案。
題目：
56. What does the author say about some leading-edge companies?
A)They operate in accordance with government policies.
B)They take initiatives in handling environmental wastes.
C)They are key drivers in their nations' economic growth.
D)They are major contributors to environmental problems.
原文：
International governments, inaction concerning sustainable development is clearly worrying but the proactive(主動(dòng)出擊的)approaches of some leading-edge companies are encouraging. Toyota, Wal-Mart, DuPont, M & S and General Electric have made tackling environmental wastes a key economic driver.
解析：
(1)B選項(xiàng)中的they=原文中的leading-edge companies;
(2)選項(xiàng)中initiatives=原文中proactive(主動(dòng)出擊的)approaches;
(3)選項(xiàng)中handling=原文中tackling;
(4)選項(xiàng)中environmental wastes=原文中environmental wastes;
在這題中，選項(xiàng)中的environmental wastes跟原文中的environmental wastes是原詞重現(xiàn)，其他內(nèi)容都是同義替換。所以并不是說(shuō)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)原文原詞的答案就一定是錯(cuò)誤答案哦!
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀的復(fù)習(xí)技巧
選詞填空：
首先：預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)，了解詞義并把選項(xiàng)分為四大類詞性：名詞n，動(dòng)詞v，形容詞a，副詞ad，在每個(gè)選項(xiàng)后作詞性的簡(jiǎn)要標(biāo)記;
其次：精讀全文開(kāi)頭，把握文章主題，并以三個(gè)空或一個(gè)段落為一個(gè)單位，利用前后文判斷每空的詞性;
第三：把對(duì)應(yīng)詞性的選項(xiàng)逐一帶回原文，含義通順，時(shí)態(tài)、主謂搭配一致的為正確選項(xiàng)。
記背選詞填空選項(xiàng)的重點(diǎn)范圍：
1.歷年曾經(jīng)考過(guò)的復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫的單詞
2. 歷年曾經(jīng)考過(guò)的完形填空的選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)閱讀態(tài)度題的選項(xiàng)
3. 歷年曾經(jīng)考過(guò)的真題中的高頻詞匯
快速閱讀：
建議做題方法：讀題干并確定關(guān)鍵詞(中心詞)——去原文中定位關(guān)鍵詞——分析定位句——分析題干——確定答案。
首先用“打包”方法對(duì)付亂序：把整組題全部一次性吃透，然后去原文從頭到尾定位。否則，考生如果按順序逐題解答，時(shí)間會(huì)嚴(yán)重不足，最好是文章一遍看下來(lái)，能找到所有的信息。此外，考生應(yīng)該注意定位原文的過(guò)程中，一定要腦、眼和手并用：眼是肯定要用的，不用腦會(huì)導(dǎo)致忽視同義轉(zhuǎn)換，不用手(筆)會(huì)使我們處于走馬觀花的狀態(tài)，然后會(huì)懷疑自己是不是漏掉了信息而不停地看。
其次：“吃透”題干，準(zhǔn)確判斷關(guān)鍵詞(中心詞)至關(guān)重要。如果沒(méi)吃透題干，就無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確判斷關(guān)鍵詞或中心詞，就可能對(duì)原文中的重要信息沒(méi)感覺(jué)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，題干關(guān)鍵詞或中心詞為實(shí)詞以及一些數(shù)字、專有名詞等。
最后，在解題的先后順序上，采用先易后難的`策略。采用由易到難的解題策略，可以提升考生的解題信心。對(duì)于那些答題線索較少的題干細(xì)節(jié)信息，考生可留在最后再解答。在解答這類較難的題目時(shí)，考生可快速閱讀原文中仍未選過(guò)的段落的主題句(通常為第一句、第二句或最后一句)，之后根據(jù)段落大意與題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息進(jìn)行匹配。
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀的練習(xí)題
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength asthe global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group ofinternational researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8°F ( 1℃ )rise of the Earth's temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong orstronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. Morewater vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strengthand head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding themaximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as itpassed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power fight before colliding withNew Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experiencedover the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(將人類摧垮的)storms. But theongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of theworst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean withmuitiple Category 5 storms every year.
"Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is theprimary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center forIce and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surfacetemperature increases was more than Girustead and his colleagues had anticipated. Theentire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest onrecord. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risenfaster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. Theprimary cause, a couseusus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhousegases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linkedto more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, whilethe frequency of storms doesn't appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones hasrisen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, butcomprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
61. According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University,the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause
A.the coming of ice age
C.more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
B.less intense hurricanes
D.more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
62. The ocean water in the region where the storm forms
A.is heating the hurricanes
B.evaporates and becomes fuel
C.heads toward land
D.turns into water vapor that makes hurricanes stronger
63. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?
A.It did not lose its strength as it moved.
B.It claimed over 200 people's lives.
C.It caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.
D.It lasted for full 24 hours.
64. What result can regional sea surface temperature changes produce?
A.Hurricane changes.
C.Global warming.
B.Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
D.Destructive hurricanes.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that
A.there is no link between greenhouse gas emissions and destructive storms
B.reduction of greenhouse gas emissions may reduce destructive storms
C.the higher percentage of strong ones rose as more hurricanes appeared
D.past records on hurricanes included everything needed
參考答案
61.C)。本題考查地球溫度上升帶來(lái)的變化。定位句提到“地球溫度每上升l.8華氏度(1攝 氏度)，那么大西洋中強(qiáng)度可匹敵甚至勝過(guò)卡特里娜颶風(fēng)的颶風(fēng)數(shù)量會(huì)增加兩倍乃至七倍”，故C)“更多像卡 特里娜那樣或是更糟糕的颶風(fēng)”為答案。
62.D)。本題考查對(duì)颶風(fēng)形成的區(qū)域中海水情況的理解。定位句提到“從海洋中蒸發(fā)到空氣中的水分越多，那么颶風(fēng)的威力就越強(qiáng)，然后會(huì)直撲陸地”，故D)“蒸發(fā)成水蒸氣，使得風(fēng)暴威力增強(qiáng)”為答案。
68.B)。本題考查颶風(fēng)卡特里娜的細(xì)節(jié)。定位句提到“卡特里娜颶風(fēng)在抵達(dá)新奧爾良州之前 威力大增，其巨大的破壞力致使200余人喪生，并造成了800億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失”，故答案為B)。
64.A)。本題考查局域海面溫度的變化對(duì)颶風(fēng)造成的影響。根據(jù)定位句，局域海面溫度的變
化是颶風(fēng)變化的主要原因，故答案為A)。
65.B)。由倒數(shù)第二段最后一句和最后一段的第一句可知，全球變暖是由溫室氣體大量排放引起的，而全球變暖和破壞性風(fēng)暴頻率變高之間存在聯(lián)系，由此可推知，減少溫室氣體排放，或可緩解全球變暖的趨勢(shì)，從而減少破壞性風(fēng)暴的發(fā)生頻率，故答案為B)。
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