英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解的小技巧
在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的答題過(guò)程中，閱讀理解部分是需要掌握一些小技巧。為此百分網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)?lái)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解的小技巧。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解的答題小技巧
答題技巧一： 詳略得當(dāng)
對(duì)于大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀來(lái)說(shuō)，根據(jù)題目的“題眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最關(guān)鍵的，這樣我們就要在閱讀時(shí)注意詳略得當(dāng)�？朔x精益求精的習(xí)慣，做到有信息處精讀，無(wú)信息處略讀，略讀處一掃而過(guò)。
題目中數(shù)字、人名等信息(題眼)在原文中對(duì)應(yīng)的部分必須詳讀。而對(duì)所要解釋或證明的觀點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)舉例處或者通常有數(shù)個(gè)名詞的并列項(xiàng)，它們不是完整的主謂賓的句子，因此無(wú)法與問(wèn)題對(duì)應(yīng)的詳細(xì)列舉處，都可以略讀。
答題技巧二：顯性信息
查讀的信息通常是顯性信息，只要將問(wèn)題在原文中進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位就能得到正確答案，一般不需要做推理。
特別提示：考生對(duì)于以下一些顯性信息也應(yīng)注意
(1) 表示因果關(guān)系的詞或詞組：because， reason， due to， since， so that， therefore等
(2) 表示目的關(guān)系的詞或詞組：in order to， so as to， by等
(3) 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞或詞組：but， however， yet等
(4) 表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞或詞組：contrary to， unlike， like等
答題技巧三：題文同序
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的閱讀部分，問(wèn)題順序與原文順序一致(有時(shí)順序不一致)，這就要求考生應(yīng)該按照題目的順序依次做題。
答題技巧四：分解對(duì)應(yīng)
分解對(duì)應(yīng)四分法：快速將問(wèn)題分解成4個(gè)部分(主A 謂B賓C+其他D)，與原文進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
答題技巧五：選小不選大
四級(jí)閱讀中，問(wèn)題的范圍必須小于原文范圍，反之則不選。
不能選的選項(xiàng)為：
(1) 選項(xiàng)的信息與原文內(nèi)容相反
(2) 選項(xiàng)將原文的意思張冠李戴
(3) 將原文中的不確定因素轉(zhuǎn)化為確定因素
(4) 改變?cè)闹械臈l件、范圍等
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解的高分技巧：選詞填空
三步走
第一步：給選項(xiàng)標(biāo)注詞性。如果遇到一詞多詞性的情況，就標(biāo)注出多個(gè)詞性。
PS：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試中的選詞填空只考察四大詞性：名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。而且副詞只有2-3空，形容詞2-5空。
第二步：預(yù)先判斷空格詞性。
關(guān)于如何判斷每個(gè)空格處應(yīng)該填什么詞性的單詞這一點(diǎn)，小編給大家總結(jié)出了幾條黃金法則，可以說(shuō)百發(fā)百中，大家只需記住即可。
1.名詞的判斷：
(1)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)為名詞，空格處充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)多為名詞。
(2)形容詞、名詞修飾空格，空格處填名詞。
(3)空格前有冠詞(the，a，an)，空格處填名詞。
(4)空格前有限定詞(this/these, that/those, his)，空格處填名詞。
(5)空格前有介詞，空格處填名詞。
2.動(dòng)詞的'判斷：
(1)空格前后為名詞(短語(yǔ))或代詞，空格處填動(dòng)詞。
(2)空格前為名詞，空格后為賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句，空格處填動(dòng)詞。
(3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般與其前后半句時(shí)態(tài)一致。
(4)一個(gè)句子只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)。如果這個(gè)謂語(yǔ)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了，那么其他需要表達(dá)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)中，應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞的分詞或動(dòng)名詞)形式。
3.形容詞的判斷：
(1)空格在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，空格處填形容詞。
(2)空格位于名詞前，或位于冠詞與名詞之間，空格處填形容詞。
(3)空格前為副詞，空格處填形容詞。
4.副詞的判斷：
(1)空格位于動(dòng)詞之前，空格處填副詞。
(2)空格位于形容詞之前，空格處填副詞。
(3)如果句子中的主干結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格處填副詞。
第三步：結(jié)合詞性和上下文意思，進(jìn)行“填坑”游戲。
PS：小編建議大家可以從特征最明顯的副詞(-ly結(jié)尾)開(kāi)始填，并將用過(guò)的詞用筆劃掉。
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解的練習(xí)題
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You never see them, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you're going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潛水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first model for a black box, which became a requirement on all US commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane—the area least subject to impact—from its original position in the landing wells (起落架艙). That same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔絕的) case and surrounded by quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2 000°F. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20 000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1, 2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
57. What does the author say about the black box?
A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
B) The total number of passengers on board.
C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.
59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A) New materials became available by that time.
B) Too much space was needed for its installation.
C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.
60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the color of the plane.
B) To caution people to handle them with care.
C) To make them easily identifiable.
D) To conform to international standards.
61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.
B) There is an urgent need for them to be restructured.
C) They have stopped sending homing signals.
D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
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