托福閱讀推斷題技巧
托福閱讀中的推斷題一直是考生心理的陰影和恐懼,尤其是“推斷”兩個(gè)字,瞬間會(huì)讓大家聯(lián)想到柯南。以下是小編分享的托福閱讀推斷題技巧,一起來(lái)看看吧!
托福閱讀推斷題技巧【1】
托福閱讀推斷題答題技巧一:審題
題干中有出現(xiàn)infer,imply, indicate或suggest這四個(gè)單詞,我們就判定這個(gè)題目為推斷題,那么推斷題應(yīng)該如何解答呢?
第一步,判斷題型。我們拿到題目,看到上面四個(gè)單詞中的任何一個(gè),心中就想著這是推斷題,推斷題的做題宗旨是文章強(qiáng)烈暗示,要通過(guò)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理推斷。
第二步,審清題干,原文定位。仔細(xì)閱讀題干,弄清題干內(nèi)容,推斷方向,帶著題干核心信息到文章中準(zhǔn)確定位。
第三步,推測(cè)+判斷。根據(jù)相關(guān)句進(jìn)行正向或逆向的推理,最后擇優(yōu)而選,確定答案。
托福閱讀推斷題答題技巧二:信息匹配
正向推斷:和事實(shí)信息題做題方法一樣,答案就是定位的句子的同義改寫。
逆向推斷:大致分為兩種,一種是時(shí)間,第二種是兩類事物的對(duì)比。
第一種,題干中往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示時(shí)間的信息,需要留意細(xì)節(jié)。
第二種,兩類事物的對(duì)比,往往文中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示對(duì)比的關(guān)系詞,比如:by contrast, unlike, while, whereas, on the contrary, in comparisonto, distinct from, different from等詞。
通過(guò)上面的介紹可以看出大家面對(duì)推斷這種托福閱讀題型時(shí),不論是正推還是逆推,關(guān)鍵是大家要保持冷靜的頭腦,從事件發(fā)展的時(shí)間軸或者事件水平軸上進(jìn)行原因的推斷,找某個(gè)突破點(diǎn),依據(jù)托福閱讀原文的內(nèi)容,找出相應(yīng)的根據(jù),那么你的托福閱讀題的正確率一定會(huì)很好的提升。
托福閱讀推斷題技巧【2】
托福閱讀中的推斷題一直是考生心理的陰影和恐懼,尤其是“推斷”兩個(gè)字,瞬間會(huì)讓大家聯(lián)想到柯南, 福爾摩斯之類帶有懸疑色彩的東西。據(jù)對(duì)所帶的學(xué)生進(jìn)行的調(diào)查,提到哪種閱讀題型最難做,將近50%的學(xué)生把票投給了推斷題。
毋庸置疑,推斷題一定有一定的難度所在,這點(diǎn)我們從托?荚嚬俜街改希╫g)的改變上就可發(fā)現(xiàn)一些端倪。第三版og上,推斷題的考查數(shù)量為0-2題,第四版og已經(jīng)增加到1-3題,ets的用(yin)意(mou)所在可見(jiàn)一斑。
那么,我們改如何應(yīng)對(duì)推斷題呢?推斷題真的像我們想象的這么難么?
今天我們一起來(lái)從考查形式上來(lái)解刨一下推斷題。
題干特征:推斷題的題干經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)infer,suggest,imply, indicate這類單詞
考查形式主要分為兩大類:對(duì)比推斷和細(xì)節(jié)推斷,而后者出現(xiàn)的幾率更大。
考查形式一:對(duì)比推斷
A時(shí)間對(duì)比:一般有兩個(gè)形成對(duì)比的時(shí)間點(diǎn),它們所具有的特征一般相反。如:原文會(huì)出現(xiàn)before1990的信息,而題目會(huì)問(wèn)after 1990的信息?
解決方案:收集問(wèn)題對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)的信息,然后取反。
注意原文中出現(xiàn)的表示時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)的詞 before, after, not…until…
例題
The story of the westward movement of population in the United States is,in the main,the story of the expansion of American agriculture-of the development of new areas for the raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat,corn,tobacco,and cotton. After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices were high,the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.“Old America seemed to be breaking up and moving westward,” observed an English visitor in 1817,during the first great wave of migration. Emigration to the west reached a peak in the 1830's,whereas in 1810 only a seventy of the American people lived west of the Appalachian mountains,by 1840 more than a third lived there.
What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?
○They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton.
○They were able to sell their produce at high prices.
○They had not been successful in raising cattle.
○They did not operate in a national market economy.
答案D
對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)鍵句:After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.
B直接對(duì)比:兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物的特征--如原文會(huì)出現(xiàn)A的`特點(diǎn),然后會(huì)有B和A相比較的信息,然后題目問(wèn)B的特點(diǎn)?
解決方案:收集題干所問(wèn)的推斷對(duì)象(about后面的信息一般為推斷對(duì)象)的全部信息(一般為上述的B),然后在原文所描述的與之相關(guān)的信息(一般為上述的A)的基礎(chǔ)之上取反。
注意原文中出現(xiàn)的表示對(duì)比的關(guān)系詞:by contrast, unlike, while, whereas,on the contrary, in comparison to, distinct from, different from等詞。
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