雅思閱讀是非題技巧
在雅思閱讀中，對于學(xué)生而言，是非無題型是可難可易的題型。這是小編為大家整理的雅思閱讀是非題技巧，希望大家喜歡。
雅思閱讀是非題技巧1
汽車報廢年限是國家交通部門指定出的一項(xiàng)制度，即汽車在使用期間，按照車座的數(shù)量與使用時期規(guī)定的安檢制度。
1. 題目費(fèi)解
對于詞匯量不是太大的學(xué)生，題目中有時出現(xiàn)的詞匯會導(dǎo)致他們理解困難，由于對題目的意思沒有一個總體的把握，從而導(dǎo)致失分。
比如劍橋4 test 4 passage 2 The Nature and Aims of Archeology，第18題 “Archaeology is a more demanding field of study than anthropology.”在這道題中，定位詞為 archaeology, anthropology, 考點(diǎn)詞為more demanding than。很多學(xué)生對于理解demanding一詞時會有費(fèi)解，這個單詞在這道題中應(yīng)該表示要求更多的，更費(fèi)精力的，更耗時的。文章第四段最后一句' anthropology is thus a broad discipline - so broad that it is generally broken down into three smaller discipline; physical anthropology, cultural anthropology and archaeology. 在這句話中確實(shí)出現(xiàn)了題目中的兩個定位詞，假如考生將demanding誤解成廣或者大之類的含義，則會選擇答案為true。但是由于題目中的demanding是費(fèi)力、耗時的意思，在此句話中并未提及兩門課的具體工作的難度比較，所以正確答案應(yīng)該為not given。
2. 題目對應(yīng)的原文句子難理解
還有一種情況是，題目所對應(yīng)的原文太長、太復(fù)雜，導(dǎo)致考生在理解上有困難，從而判斷錯答案。這一類情況在劍橋雅思中存在比較典型的兩道題。
比如劍橋4 test one passage one 第4題'The fact that children's ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them. 題干中children's ideas about science and framework可以做定位詞，考點(diǎn)詞為easier to change them�？忌鶕�(jù)framework回原文定位到文章第二大段第三行...but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, ...more robust but also accessible to modification. 原文中使用到了make sth adj這個結(jié)構(gòu)表明framework and component ideas有兩個特點(diǎn)more robust and accessible to modification, 這里的more這個比較級修飾了兩個形容詞：robust and accessible to modification, accessible to含有easy的概念，所以相當(dāng)于表明了easier to change這個概念，很多考生在閱讀時往往會忽略了這個隱含的比較級，會誤選為not given, 實(shí)際答案應(yīng)該為true。
劍橋 6 test 2 passage 3 Numeration 第39題 the Tsimshian language contains both older and newer systems of counting. 在這道題中older and newer systems of counting可以作為定位詞，而考察的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該在both...and...上面�？忌鶕�(jù)這兩個定位詞可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段'it seems that the last is a later development while the first six groups show the relics of an older system. 有些考生會認(rèn)為it seems表達(dá)的是對后面的內(nèi)容的懷疑和猜測，而題目把它絕對化了，所以就判斷該題為not given。但事實(shí)上根據(jù)原文前后內(nèi)容，作者在這里用it seems只是表示對前面內(nèi)容的委婉總結(jié)，并不是考生所理解的表示懷疑的態(tài)度，所以正確答案應(yīng)該為true。
3. 題目中的定位詞不易判斷
第三種情況當(dāng)題目比較長，比較復(fù)雜時，考生可能會找錯定位詞從而誤判考題。
比如劍橋4 test one passage one 第5題 The study involved asking children a number of yes/ no questions such as Are there any rainforests in Africa? 通�？忌鷷x擇題目中的特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號或特殊字體去定位，因此往往確定了yes/no questions 或者Are there any rainforests in Africa? 作為解題的.定位詞。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)我們再仔細(xì)閱讀題目，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)此題的重點(diǎn)是在講這個研究包含了什么問題，假如原文中講到這個研究包含的是另外一種問題，僅僅根據(jù)包含后面的內(nèi)容去找，有可能會誤斷為not given。這道題最好的定位詞應(yīng)該找句子的主語the study, 在原文的第四段首句，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)了the study這個詞眼the study surveys...secondary school students were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions.因此此題的正確答案應(yīng)該為false。對于定位詞的把握不是太確定的考生，建議可以在題目中找兩至三個定位詞。
4. 定位詞不易定位
最后一種情況是當(dāng)考生分析好題目，確定了定位詞和考點(diǎn)詞，但是回原文尋找時，卻找不到原文所對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容。這一類情況又分為兩種情形。
A. 定位詞在原文中發(fā)生了較大的轉(zhuǎn)變
劍橋5 test 2 passage 3 The Birth of Scientific English 第37題 In 17th century Britain, leading thinkers combined their interest in science with an interest in how to express ideas.這道題的定位詞應(yīng)該為leading thinkers, interest in science以及how to express ideas, 考察的重點(diǎn)在combine...with...上面。在原文中并未明確涉及這三點(diǎn)，這就需要我們把how to express ideas理解成language, 在原文的第四段最后一句some of these scholars, including two with the interest in language - helped found the Royal Society in 1660 in order to promote empirical scientific research. 句中出現(xiàn)的1660年，對應(yīng)題目中的17th century; interest in language對應(yīng)題目中的interest in how to express ideas; promote empirical scientific research對應(yīng)題目中的interest in science, 所以此題的確切答案應(yīng)該為true。
B. 理解定位詞所在的內(nèi)容還需要聯(lián)系前文
有些判斷題，在原文中定位到定位詞還不夠，還需要聯(lián)系前文的背景才能做出題目。比如劍橋8 test 1 passage two Air Traffic Control in the USA 第24題class F airspace is airspace which is below 365m and not near airports. 仔細(xì)閱讀題干，可以判斷該題中的class F airspace, below 365m, not near airports, 應(yīng)該為題目的定位詞，題干的考點(diǎn)詞為and結(jié)構(gòu)。原文G段第二行文字中出現(xiàn)了題干中Class F airspace這個大寫的英文單詞Uncontrolled airspace is designated Class F...這時需要回顧一下段落E中對uncontrolled airspace的介紹In general, from 365m above the ground and higher, the entire country is blanketed by controlled airspace ..., controlled airspace extends ...in the immediate vicinity of an airport...所以答案應(yīng)該判斷為true。
雅思閱讀是非題技巧2
一、謂語和賓語或者狀語
在判斷句子考點(diǎn)時，對于由簡單主謂賓組成的句子，考察的重點(diǎn)一般是動詞和賓語，特別是對于有修飾詞的動詞，一般起到?jīng)Q定作用。（對于主語考察，因?yàn)樵谡骖}中出現(xiàn)頻率較少，此處暫時忽略這一類別）對于這類題目，學(xué)生主要能根據(jù)定位詞找出相對應(yīng)的句子，然后把題目中所關(guān)注的動賓結(jié)構(gòu)和文章中相對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)進(jìn)行匹配分析。如果兩點(diǎn)匹配完美，那么答案為TRUE, 如果兩點(diǎn)意義相反，答案即為FALSE, 如沒有對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)在文章當(dāng)中，那么答案即為NOT GIVEN。
文章：Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conquer---lexical as well as social and commercial. (C5T1P1)
題目：The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries. (TRUE)
文章：The indigenous peoples of Tasmania were only able to count one, two, many; those of South Africa counted one, two, two and one, two twos, two twos and one, and so on. (C6T2P3)
題目：Indigenous Tasmanians used only four terms to indicate numbers of objects. (FALSE)
文章：Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world’s population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans. (C7T1P1)
題目：Modern water systems imitate those of the ancient Greeks and Romans.(NOT GIVEN)
文章：The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people’s preferences as to where they live. (C6T2P1)
題目：In Melbourne, people prefer to live in the outer suburbs. (FALSE)
二、做比較
此類題目考察的情況共有2類。最常見的考點(diǎn)為句中兩者比較后的結(jié)果，其中包含三種答案：如果不能在文章中找到相對應(yīng)的比較，則答案為NOT GIVEN, 當(dāng)可以在文章中找到相對應(yīng)的比較，如果比較結(jié)果一致，答案為TRUE, 如果比較結(jié)果相反（包括跟文章中的比較結(jié)果相反或者是兩個對象比較結(jié)果一致），答案為FALSE。第二類考點(diǎn)為兩者所比較的內(nèi)容，如果文章中對兩個對象做了很多方面的比較，學(xué)生需要準(zhǔn)確的找到題目和文章中所對應(yīng)的比較的內(nèi)容，進(jìn)而得出正確答案。
第一類：
文章：At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today. (C7T1P1)
題目：Water use person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient Rome. (FALSE)
文章：According to a recent study by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), more than 300 species of agricultural pests have developed resistance to a wide range of potent chemicals. Not to be left behind are the disease-spreading pests, about 100species of which have become immune to a variety of insecticides now in use. (C8T4P2)
題目：Disease-spreading pests respond more quickly to pesticides than agricultural pests do. (NOT GIVEN)
第二類：
文章：Large sample international comparisons of pupils’ attainments since the 1960s have established that not only did Japanese pupils at age 13 have better scores of average attainment, but there was also a larger proportion of ‘low’ attainers in England, where, incidentally, the variation in attainment scores was much greater. (C8T4P1)
題目：There is a wider range of achievement amongst English pupils studying maths than amongst their Japanese counterparts. (TRUE)
三、從句
從句的考察在雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)頻率不多，但是很容易讓考生掉入陷阱進(jìn)而錯選，這也是為什么要專門提出這一塊給考生分析。這一塊主要分析一下因果關(guān)系這一類別，通過這一類的分析激發(fā)學(xué)生思維，讓學(xué)生可以了解這一塊的特別之處，然后可以發(fā)散思維，不局限于此。
在因果關(guān)系中，學(xué)生經(jīng)常會錯選NOT GIVEN來代替FALSE, 因?yàn)樵谧鲱}分析中，文章常會給出另一個原因來引出所得結(jié)果，所以學(xué)生會以為文章沒有給出所謂原因，進(jìn)而錯選NOT GIVEN。但是其實(shí)文章有討論到關(guān)于這個結(jié)果的原因，只是給出了一個錯誤的原因，所以答案反而應(yīng)該是FALSE。
文章：An accident that occurred in the skies over the Grand Canyon in 1956resulted in the establishment of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to regulate and oversee the operation of aircraft in skies over the United States, which were becoming quite congested.
題目：The FAA was created as a result of the introduction of the jet engine.(FALSE)
總結(jié)，在做題中，考生應(yīng)主要以題目和文章對應(yīng)內(nèi)容為依據(jù)，進(jìn)行匹配和對應(yīng)，拋棄原來固有的思考方式，運(yùn)用直線式思維模式，盡量避免在思考當(dāng)中運(yùn)用聯(lián)想來做題。通過這樣的方法不斷練習(xí)，相信考生可以在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的累積下，努力改變思考方式進(jìn)而提前適應(yīng)
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